Segregation and integration of cytoplasmic and nuclear materials during cleavage and induced fusion of blastomeres of mouse early embryos

Phenylbutazone was administered intravenously (i.v.) to a group of four lactating cows at a dosage of 6 mg/kg body weight. Whole plasma, protein-free plasma and milk were analysed for phenylbutazone residues. Pharmacokinetic parameters of total and free phenylbutazone in plasma were calculated using a non compartmental method. In regards to whole plasma data, the mean volume of distribution at steady state (Vss), was 147 mL/kg body weight, with a mean (+/-SEM) terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of 40+/-6 h. The mean clearance (Cl) was 3 mL/h/kg body weight. The Vss as determined from the protein-free plasma fraction was 50021 mL/kg body weight. This larger Vss of free phenylbutazone compared to total plasma phenylbutazone was attributed to a high degree of plasma protein binding, as well as the greater penetration of free phenylbutazone into tissues. The mean t1/2 of free phenylbutazone was 39+/-5 h. This similarity to the t1/2 estimated from total plasma phenylbutazone data is attributed to an equilibrium between free and plasma phenylbutazone during the terminal elimination phase. Mean t1/2 as determined from milk, applying a urinary excretion rate model, was 47+/-4 h. Milk clearance of phenylbutazone was 0.009 mL/h/kg body weight, or about 0.34% of total body clearance. Furthermore, evidence suggests that phenylbutazone either binds to milk proteins, or is actively transported into milk, as its concentration in milk was greater than that predicted due to a simple partitioning from plasma into milk.     

中区西部合理注水压力研究

注水压力是水驱油田注采压力系统中的重要参数,确定合理注水压力对调整层间矛盾、提高油田开发效果、降低套损等具有重大意义.合理的注水压力增加了吸水厚度和吸水层位,缓解了层间矛盾.注水压力过高导致吸水能力增强,降低了开发效果.高含水期的油藏注入压力一般通过实验获取.运用经验公式法和数值模拟法,在注水压力不超过地层破裂压力的情况下,计算该区块合理注水压力值,考察了脱气对原油黏度的影响进而对采收率的影响.该方法易于计算、精确度高,确定了中区西部合理注水压力值范围.结果 表明:中区西部合理注水压力为17.1～20.2 MPa时,有利于指导油田的高效开发.     

4,4′,4″-三氨基三苯胺的合成

本文从对氯硝基苯和对硝基苯胺出发,经过两步反应合成了三偶氮类光导材料的重要中间体4,4′,4″-三氨基三 苯胺,其中第一反应采用KF/季铵盐催化法,收率48.4％,第二步反应采用钯碳催化加氢法,收率91.4％。     

溶液共混法制备高强度淀粉基完全生物降解塑料薄膜

利用一步溶液共混法，将预糊化的淀粉糊与PvA溶液共混，用乙二醛进行交联，制备淀粉／聚乙烯醇（PVA）完全生物降解塑料薄膜。研究不同乙二醛和甘油的用量对薄膜性能的影响。薄膜的力学性能、热性能和微观形态表征表明，淀粉／PvA体系具有较好的相容性和较高的力学性能，薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别可达到28．52MPa和307．5％。     

α-蒎烯催化加氢合成顺式蒎烷的研究

本文研究了以镍系催化剂催化α－蒎烯加氢合成高选择性的顺式蒎烷。考察了反应压力、反应温度及催化剂用量等因素对产品的影响，在此基础上确定了适宜的工艺参数。在此条件下反应，α－蒎烯转化率＞99％，顺式蒎烷选择性＞95．7％。     

高温环境下侧向弹性约束对钢柱稳定长度的影响

基于结构弹性稳定理论原理,导出了高温环境下钢柱在轴向荷载作用时具有弹性支座的稳定长度计算式,分析了弹簧刚度、耐火保护层、温度等参数对钢柱稳定长度的影响,进一步提出了在实际工程中应采取的有关措施。     

D型打结器架体的随机振动分析与结构优化

针对D型打结器架体易断裂、寿命短等问题,采用动力学与疲劳分析相结合的研究方法.基于模态-谐响应分析,得到架体应变幅值曲线.采用随机振动分析与Miner线性损伤累加法则对架体进行疲劳寿命分析,结果得出架体的疲劳寿命不高.设计架体四因素三水平的正交试验,对架体进行结构优化.结果 表明优化后的架体疲劳寿命显著提高.     

基于局部搜索和整体优化的客车杆件截面参数正向设计

首先建立了局部一维搜索方法,以客车车身线框模型与型钢截面库为基础,通过截面库优化排序、杆件局部模型一维搜索以及局部-整体迭代等优化步骤,得出一个满足多工况强度要求的车身结构杆件截面尺寸下限。然后通过灵敏度分析选择关键杆件,利用多目标遗传算法NSGA-II对选定杆件的截面尺寸在截面库的范围内进行优化,以提高整体刚度及模态性能。最后在某承载式客车车身杆件截面优化设计中,将该方法的优化结果作为设计输入,结果表明,车身结构的最终方案具有明显的轻量化效果。     

880 mm精轧机组的现代化改造

本文从改造内容、新增设备的性能参数、主要设备技术水平和设计特点等方面介绍了凌钢880 mm精轧机组的现代化改造。