BDNF attenuates functional and structural disorders in nerves of galactose-fed rats

Galactose intoxication of rats was used to disrupt metabolism of Schwann cells and skeletal muscle, two sites that contain the polyol-forming enzyme aldose reductase (AR). Galactose-fed rats develop a neuropathy characterized by nerve conduction deficits and axonal atrophy. To investigate the possibility that galactose metabolism by AR influences axonal function and structure by altering production of neurotrophic factors, the impact of galactose intoxication on nerve and muscle BDNF levels and the effects of exogenous BDNF treatment on galactose neuropathy were examined using biochemical, electrophysiologic and morphometric techniques. Galactose feeding increased BDNF protein in peripheral nerve and muscle. Exogenous BDNF treatment attenuated motor nerve conduction velocity deficits in the sciatic nerve of galactose-fed animals and myelin splitting of motor axons in the ventral root. In contrast, sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) deficits in the sciatic nerve and myelin splitting in the central projections of sensory neurons were not prevented by BDNF treatment. BDNF treatment did not attenuate reduced axonal caliber in the sciatic nerve, but did ameliorate the diminution of the caliber of central sensory projections in the dorsal root. These findings point to the potential use of BDNF in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies.     

Family, peer, and neighborhood influences on academic achievement among African-American adolescents: one-year prospective effects

Using a 1-year prospective design, this study examined the influence of family status variables (family income, parental education, family structure), parenting variables (maternal support and restrictive control), peer support, and neighborhood risk on the school performance of 120 African American junior high school students. In addition to main effects of these variables, neighborhood risk was examined as a moderator of the effects of parenting and peer support. Family status variables were not predictive of adolescent school performance as indexed by self-reported grade point average. Maternal support at Time 1 was prospectively related to adolescent grades at Time 2. Neighborhood risk was related to lower grades, while peer support predicted better grades in the prospective analyses. Neighborhood risk also moderated the effects of maternal restrictive control and peer support on adolescent grades in prospective analyses. These findings highlight the importance of an ecological approach to the problem of academic underachievement within the African American Community.     

影响钢铁工业主要环境因素及其控制措施

针对钢铁工业的环境因素的影响 ,采取针对性措施控制 ,合理利用 ,清洁生产。     

In situ localization and chromosomal mapping of the AG1 (Dmp1) gene

Dentinogenesis is being used as a model for understanding the biomineralization process. The odontoblasts synthesize a structural matrix comprised of Type I collagen fibrils which define the basic architecture of the tissue. The odontoblasts also synthesize and deliver a number of dentin-specific acidic macromolecules into the extracellular compartment. These acidic macromolecules may be involved in regulating the ordered deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals within the matrix. AG1 is the first tooth-specific acidic macromolecule to have been cloned and sequenced. To identify which cells of the rat incisor pulp/odontoblast complex were responsible for synthesis of AG1, in situ hybridization was used. Digoxigenin labeled sense and anti-sense AG1 riboprobes were prepared. The AG1 mRNA was found to be expressed in the mature secretory odontoblasts. Neither pulp cells nor pre-odontoblasts showed any staining with the anti-sense probes. Chromosomal localization studies placed the AG1 gene on mouse chromosome 5q21, in tight linkage with Fgf5. AG1 has been renamed Dmp1 (dentin matrix protein 1) in accordance with present chromosomal nomenclature. Mouse 5q21 corresponds to the 4q21 locus in humans. This is the locus for the human tooth mineralization disorder dentinogenesis imperfecta Type II (DI-II). These data suggest that the Dmp1 gene is involved in mineralization and is a candidate gene for DI-II.     

真空断路器永磁机构计算与分析

在介绍了高压断路器的双稳态永磁机构结构及工作原理的基础上，对其涡流电磁场方程进行了描述，研究了电流源激励下的瞬态磁场，并推导出考虑涡流情况下的非线性瞬态磁场数学模型，建立出永磁机构动态方程.采用耦合法，并且应用了ANSYS软件进行编程来对永磁机构的瞬态场进行计算，对它的线圈电流、动铁芯位移及受力进行分析，并研究了涡流效应对永磁机构的影响，得出应选择电导率小，电磁性能好和损耗低的导磁材料的结论.     

截面线展开法在一步成形中的应用

在研究了现有的几种一步成形模拟初始场预示算法的主要优缺点的基础上,提出了一种改进的基于几何展开的初始场预示算法———截面线展开法,并编制了计算程序。该算法既具有基于几何展开方法的优点,又克服了"几何映射法"必须寻找对称线的困难,使得一步成形模拟方法更具有实用性。花盒件的实际模拟结果与实验数据的对比表明:通过一步模拟方法所得到的初始毛坯形状与由实验得到的毛坯形状比较吻合,验证了本文所研究的截面线展开算法的有效性。     

高温环境下侧向弹性约束对钢柱稳定长度的影响

基于结构弹性稳定理论原理,导出了高温环境下钢柱在轴向荷载作用时具有弹性支座的稳定长度计算式,分析了弹簧刚度、耐火保护层、温度等参数对钢柱稳定长度的影响,进一步提出了在实际工程中应采取的有关措施。     

淮河流域盱眙段浅层地下水氟的特征及成因分析

淮河流域盱眙段浅层地下水的45个监测点水质分析表明,本区浅层地下水氟含量较低,平均值在0.412 mg/L,为低氟水;沿淮河方向,浅层地下水氟含量总体有降低的趋势,但变化幅度小;垂直河流方向氟含量总体表现出距淮河越远有增高的变化趋势;其成因主要与本区水文地球化学条件、气候因素及地下水径流条件有关.下游低氟区需要注意在饮食中适量补充氟.     

基于成像机理的遥感图像融合

探讨了遥感多光谱与全色波段图像的融合问题．分析了多光谱与全色波段成像机理,提出了一种新的基于小波变换的遥感图像融合方法,实验结果表明,该方法可有效综合多光谱与全色波段图像的优点,从而获得具有较高空间分辨率的多谱图像．     

初始展开面积对一步成形模拟收敛效率的影响

通过典型件方盒，针对一步模拟法初始场预示的截面线展开法和反向变形法，研究了板成形冲压件表面积与初始展开面积之比对收敛性和收敛速度的影响，得出了适当调整该面积比，可以提高收敛速度的结论，并通过某轿车翼子板的一步成形模拟验证了该结论，为进一步提高一步成形模拟的计算效率提供了一个简便而有效的方法．