GaN HEMT器件封装技术研究进展

GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)器件由于其宽禁带材料的独特性能,相比硅功率器件具有击穿场强高、导通电阻低、转换速度快等优势,在智能家电、交直流转换器、光伏逆变器以及电动汽车等领域有着广泛的应用前景.但GaN HEMT器件的高功率密度和高频工作特性,给器件封装带来了极大挑战,要使其出色性能得以充分发挥,其封装结构、材...     

A comparison between different PMD compensation techniques

We quantify the benefits of using different techniques for compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in fiber-optic communication systems by means of numerical simulations. This is done both with respect to PMD-induced pulse broadening and in terms of system outage probability for different data formats [nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ)]. Attention is focused on simple and relevant single- and double-stage post-transmission compensators with a few degrees of freedom (DOF). It is generally believed that a PMD compensator with a polarization controller and a variable delay line can only compensate the PMD to the first order. We show, from analytical results, the counterintuitive fact that this scheme can also partially compensate for higher order PMD. We also investigate the benefit of using a polarizer as compensation element where the optical average power can be used as a feedback signal     

A comparison between NRZ and RZ data formats with respect toPMD-induced system degradation

We quantify the polarization-mode dispersion (PMD)-induced system outage probability by means of numerical simulations for nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) data formats with proper comparative conditions and find that RZ performs better than NRZ. We also study the impact of the RZ duty-factor and the tradeoff between power margin and acceptable PMD     

Range and throughput enhancement of wireless local area networks using smart sectorised antennas

At present, wireless local area networks (WLANs) such as HiperLAN2 and 802.11a are being developed and deployed around the world. In this letter, the use of sectorized antennas is considered as a means to improve the physical layer performance of WLANs. Results demonstrate that throughput and range can be enhanced and/or the transmit power can be reduced. However, these benefits are achieved with a small increase in multiple access protocol overhead. Simulations are performed using measured wideband channels in the 5-GHz band. In cases where the channel exhibits strong Rician characteristics, gains as high as 13 dB are demonstrated. These benefits substantially outweigh the associated medium access control overhead.     

Kinematics of the heart: strain-rate imaging from time-resolved three-dimensional phase contrast MRI

A four-dimensional mapping (three spatial dimensions + time) of myocardial strain-rate would help to describe the mechanical properties of the myocardium, which affect important physiological factors such as the pumping performance of the ventricles. Strain-rate represents the local instantaneous deformation of the myocardium and can be calculated from the spatial gradients of the velocity field. Strain-rate has previously been calculated using one-dimensional (ultrasound) or two-dimensional (2-D) magnetic resonance imaging) techniques. However, this assumes that myocardial motion only occurs in one direction or in one plane, respectively. This paper presents a method for calculation of the time-resolved three-dimensional (3-D) strain-rate tensor using velocity vector information in a 3-D spatial grid during the whole cardiac cycle. The strain-rate tensor provides full information of both magnitude and direction of the instantaneous deformation of the myocardium. A method for visualization of the full 3-D tensor is also suggested. The tensors are visualized using ellipsoids, which display the principal directions of strain-rate and the ratio between strain-rate magnitude in each direction. The presented method reveals the principal strain-rate directions without a priori knowledge of myocardial motion directions.     

An efficient parameter extraction algorithm for MOS transistormodels

A general, direct parameter extraction algorithm that uses a small number of data points has been developed for MOS transistor models. This extraction algorithm has been tested using two transistor models in SPICE, MOS3, and BSIM. The basic idea of the algorithm is to use only one data point for each transistor parameter. Appropriate selection of the data points ensures physically reasonable values of most extracted parameters. Analytical expressions or rapidly converging numerical equations are used to calculate the parameters. Interaction between different parameters are taken into account. Good agreement between measured and simulated data is obtained from only 15 and 25 data points for MOS3 and BSIM, respectively. The total extraction time for a single transistor is around 40 s for MOS3 and 1 min for BSIM     

下一代通信技术对广播电视业务发展的影响(上)

下一代通信技术的发展会给广播电视业务的发展带来新的契机和挑战.广播电视业务的发展应充分考虑"多播"这一特征,开展多种信息服务,良好的质量和内容将成为广播电视在竞争中的"杀手锏".开发"多功能一体"的智能终端是开展数字广播电视业务的必然趋势和要求.借鉴通信的业务模式,构筑下一代广播网络,主动联合通信网和互联网开展新业务,是广播电视业进一步发展的关键.本文将结合下一代通信技术和广播电视业务的关系,从业务、传输和接入等角度分别进行讨论.     

下一代通信技术对广播电视业务发展的影响(下)

(接上期第43页) 3 下一代通信接入对广播电视业务发展的影响 3.1 突破用户接入的瓶颈 随着宽带业务的发展,网络接入部分(最后1 km)的带宽瓶颈问题显露出来.目前,接入部分两侧都已跨入吉比特级以上的速率,如用户端广泛使用的PC,其内部传送速率已达到32 Gb/s,城域网或长途网的每波长速率也已达到2.5～10 Gb/s,两者都比接入部分高出至少3个数量级.可见,尽快打通接入部分的带宽瓶颈,各种宽带服务与应用才能开展起来,网络容量的潜力才能真正发挥.     

粗糙海面的电磁散射缩比模拟测量的若干基本问题

针对实验室内难以构造的高海情PM谱海面,采用电磁缩比测量的方法研究其电磁散射特性,首先定量分析了以淡水替代海水造成不满足物理相似性要求而引入的误差,然后讨论了缩比PM谱海面满足几何相似性条件的要求,和对粗糙海面进行缩比模拟测量的途径,根据粗糙海面缩比模拟理论与条件,在实验室内成功模拟构造满足缩比测量理论的粗糙海面。     

双金属ZnAu纳米团簇的光学性质及生物成像应用

为了优化Au纳米团簇(nanoclusters,NCs)的光 学性能,拓宽它的应用领域,利用原子掺杂法合成 了超稳定的发光双金属ZnAu NCs。通过对紫外-可见吸收光谱、发射光谱、红外光谱、荧光 寿命等的测试 和分析,研究了合成的ZnAu NCs的光学特性,讨论了Zn原子掺杂对Au NCs发光性能的影响, 并且借 助透射电子显微镜和质谱等表征手段,分析了这种光学材料的结构性质。最后,通过细胞毒 性评估以及细 胞成像实验探究了其在生物医学上的应用。研究结果表明,与未掺杂原子的Au NCs相比,掺 杂Zn原子的 ZnAu NCs的荧光强度增强了3倍左右,荧光寿命也从6.73 μs延长到 7.26 μs。此外,结合 质谱确定了超小 的ZnAu NCs是分子量位于5.0 kDa－5.8 kDa之 间的复合物团簇。这种发光纳米材料所表现出的良好的光稳 定性和低细胞毒性,使其在生物成像领域具有潜在的应用价值。同时,Zn原子的掺杂提升了 Au NCs的光学性能,为其在其它领域的广泛应用提供了更大的可能性。