粗糙海面的电磁散射缩比模拟测量的若干基本问题

针对实验室内难以构造的高海情PM谱海面,采用电磁缩比测量的方法研究其电磁散射特性,首先定量分析了以淡水替代海水造成不满足物理相似性要求而引入的误差,然后讨论了缩比PM谱海面满足几何相似性条件的要求,和对粗糙海面进行缩比模拟测量的途径,根据粗糙海面缩比模拟理论与条件,在实验室内成功模拟构造满足缩比测量理论的粗糙海面。     

重视和加强天然气高压输气管道的保护

随着“西气”进沪，上海形成了“东、西”双气源供气的格局。天然气高压输气管道已形成总长500多公里的上海天然气主干网，安全问题首当其冲。文章中分析了国内外天然气干线管道事故的概况，以及上海地区的天然气高压管线现状。作者呼吁，为了搞好安全管理，确保人民财产安全，必须作好天然气高压管道安全保护。     

非饱和土试验中的先进吸力控制技术

介绍和评价了海外常用的3种吸力控制技术:轴平移、渗透和湿度控制。论述了每种技术的工作原理、发展过程、应用情况和优缺点。对文献中采用轴平移和渗透技术得到的试验结果进行了比较和讨论。另外,在直剪试验的剪切阶段前施加不同的吸力平衡历时,用以展示吸力平衡历时对随后的剪切过程中的各种剪切性状(抗剪强度和体变)的影响。     

Cardiac myocytes produce interleukin-6 in culture and in viable border zone of reperfused infarctions

BACKGROUND: Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-6 plays a potentially critical role in postreperfusion myocardial injury and is the major cytokine responsible for induction of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 on cardiac myocytes during reperfusion. Myocyte ICAM-1 induction is necessary for neutrophil-associated myocyte injury. We have previously demonstrated the induction of IL-6 in the ischemic myocardium, and the current study addresses the cells of origin of IL-6. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the present study, we combined Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization to demonstrate IL-6 gene expression in cardiac myocytes. Isolated ventricular myocytes were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, lipopolysaccharide, preischemic lymph, and postischemic lymph. Unstimulated myocytes showed no significant IL-6 mRNA expression. Myocytes stimulated with preischemic lymph showed minimal or no IL-6 mRNA expression, whereas myocytes stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, lipopolysaccharide, or postischemic lymph showed a strong IL-6 mRNA induction. Northern blot with ICAM-1 probe revealed ICAM-1 expression under every condition that demonstrated IL-6 induction. We then investigated the expression of IL-6 mRNA in our canine model of ischemia and reperfusion. Cardiac myocytes in the viable border zone of a myocardial infarction exhibited reperfusion-dependent expression of IL-6 mRNA within 1 hour after reperfusion. Mononuclear cells infiltrate the border zone and express IL-6 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated cardiac myocytes produce IL-6 mRNA in response to several cytokines as well as postischemic cardiac lymph. In addition to its production by inflammatory cells, we demonstrate that IL-6 mRNA is induced in myocytes in the viable border zone of a myocardial infarct. The potential roles of IL-6 in cardiac myocytes in an infarct border are discussed.     

抗衰灵口服液对小鼠学习记忆的改善作用

目的 观察抗衰灵口服液对多种化学物质所致学习记忆障碍的影响。方法 给予各种化学试剂造成小鼠学习记忆功能障碍,采用一次性被动回避反应跳台法和避暗法,以及方向辨别性水迷宫法观察受试药的改善作用。结果 抗衰灵口服液能明显减少东莨菪碱所致获得性记忆障碍小鼠的错误次数、增强戊巴比妥钠引起的空间记忆障碍小鼠的学习记忆能力,对抗亚硝酸钠造成的小鼠记忆巩固不良和40 %乙醇引起的小鼠记忆再现障碍。结论 抗衰灵口服液具有多方面改善智力的作用。     

Characterization of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and application as an effective filter for heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions☆

Filtration efficiency of Ni(II) from aqueous solution using pristine and modified MWCNTs filters was investigated as a function of Ni(II) ion concentration, pH, and filter mass. MWCNTs were synthesized by CVD method and modified using two complementary treatments, purification (using a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide) and functionalization (using nitric acid). The effect and mechanism of each treatment on the structural integrity of pristine MWCNTs has been studied. Morphology of the pristine and modified filters was investigated by Raman Spectrometry (RS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and Thermogravimetric analysis. It was found from Raman spec-tra that the ratio of the intensity of D-band to that of G-band decreased by purification process, and increased by functionalization process. The adsorption mechanism of Ni(II) onto the surface functional groups of modified MWCNTs was confirmed by FTIR spectrum. The filtration results showed that the removal efficiency of Ni(II) is strongly dependent on pH and could reach 85%at pH=8. Also, modified MWCNT filters can be reused through many cycles of regeneration with high performance. Functionalized MWCNTs filters may be a promising adsor-bent candidate for heavy metal removal from wastewater.     

梅子窝钨矿加里东期花岗闪长岩的地球化学特征及岩石成因探讨

加里东期花岗岩在华南地区分布甚广,对其开展深入研究有助于加深对华南早古生代构造演化及地质背景的理解。对梅子窝钨矿的赋矿岩体-加里东期花岗闪长岩的岩石学和地球化学研究结果表明：该岩体属于偏铝质-弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列岩石,具有较高的SiO2含量、K2O/Na2O比值和较低的ACNK值;大离子元素明显富集,Ba、Sr、P、Ti负异常明显;在（La/Yb）N-δEu图解中,投影于S型或壳源型花岗岩范围内;在Rb/Sr-Rb/Ba和A/MF-C/MF图解中,该花岗闪长岩的源区物质为砂质岩而不是幔源基性岩。这些特征表明,梅子窝加里东期花岗闪长岩应归属于S型花岗岩;推测其形成机制可能与早古生代晚期的板内作用有关,先受区域挤压应力场影响,导致地壳加厚;稍后,由于应力场的转化,进入后碰撞伸展环境。并在减压、挥发分的加入等因素综合影响下,位于中、上地壳的低成熟度的变杂砂岩发生部分熔融,形成S型或壳源型花岗岩。     

冶金级硅吹Ar-H2O混合气精炼除

通过吹高纯氩气和水蒸汽混合气体的方法除去冶金级硅中的杂质磷。采用自行设计的吹气精炼装置,研究喷嘴类型、精炼时间、精炼温度、精炼气温度、精炼气流速等因素对除磷效果的影响。研究表明：使用侧壁和底部多孔型喷嘴,精炼时间3 h,精炼温度1793 K,精炼气温度373 K,精炼气流速2 L/min作为最优吹气精炼条件时,冶金级硅熔体中的磷元素质量分数由94×10-6降低到11×10-6。表明吹气精炼是一种有效的去除冶金级硅中磷的方法。     

铜表面微蚀处理新技术

采用过硫酸盐和几种特别添加剂配制成的微蚀剂,不仅具有传统微蚀剂的优点,而且拥有其独特的优点:微蚀处理的铜表面比传统微蚀剂处理的光亮;微蚀处理后暴露在空气中10 min,铜表面也不变色;微蚀处理后的元件没有原电池腐蚀现象发生;其工作溶液比传统微蚀剂稳定;微蚀速率容易控制以满足不同的微蚀要求;微蚀处理不影响精密线路板和元件的尺寸。     

基于磺酸盐的水性聚氨酯研究进展

用于水性聚氨酯(WPU)合成的磺酸盐包括小分子羟基磺酸盐、氨基磺酸盐以及含磺酸盐基团的聚醚和聚酯低聚物。小分子磺酸盐熔点高、脂溶性小,仅N-(2-氨基乙基)-氨基乙烷磺酸钠(AAS)在实际生产中得到应用,含磺酸盐基团的聚醚和聚酯低聚物作为WPU合成的亲水单体值得深入研究。