基于聚类和Spark框架的加权Slope One算法

针对传统Slope One算法在相似性计算时未考虑项目属性信息和时间因素对项目相似性计算的影响,以及推荐在当前大数据背景下面临的计算复杂度高、处理速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于聚类和Spark框架的加权Slope One算法。首先,将时间权重加入到传统的项目评分相似性计算中,并引入项目属性相似性生成项目综合相似度;然后,结合Canopy-K-means聚类算法生成最近邻居集;最后,利用Spark计算框架对数据进行分区迭代计算,实现该算法的并行化。实验结果表明,基于Spark框架的改进算法与传统Slope One算法、基于用户相似性的加权Slope One算法相比,评分预测准确性更高,较Hadoop平台下的运行效率平均可提高3.5~5倍,更适合应用于大规模数据集的推荐。     

难选鲕状赤铁矿深度还原-磁选实验研究

针对国内某种难选鲕状赤铁矿的特点,进行了深度还原-磁选实验研究,探讨了还原温度、还原时间、二元碱度、磨矿细度和磁场强度等不同实验条件对渣铁分离效果和产品指标的影响.通过光学显微分析、X射线衍射分析、SEM和化学分析等手段确定了原矿与产品的物相组成与特点.在还原温度为1200℃、还原时间为2h及二元碱度为0.2的工艺条件下,获得了品位为91.94%、回收率为95.85%的铁精矿粉.分析表明,所得铁精粉的品位高,有害杂质少.     

The significance of gastric helicobacteriosis in the genesis hemorrhage from duodenal peptic ulcer

Based on a comprehensive analysis of findings from examination and surgical treatment of 196 patients with bleeding pyloroduodenal ulcers, it was found out that patients with concurrent helicobacteriosis of the stomach are prone to more unfavourable course of their illness, which fact is evidenced by a greater loss of blood and higher risk for bleeding recurrences. A classification is proposed by the authors, taking advantage of the data from endoscopic, microscopic and immunoenzymatic techniques, with the purpose of providing an assessment of degree of severity of helicobacteriosis of the stomach.     

肠道吸收细胞模型研究进展及其在类胡萝卜素上的应用

膳食化合物在维持人体生理功能和预防疾病等方面至关重要,但其必须被人体高效吸收利用才能充分发挥其功能活性。肠道吸收细胞模型已成为体外模拟人体膳食化合物吸收利用及机制研究的有效手段。针对不同的膳食化合物,选取合理的肠道细胞吸收模型以及在现有细胞模型的基础上进一步改进,对于实现高效模拟人体对该膳食化合物的吸收利用具有重要意义。因此,本文概述了人体肠道上皮细胞的结构和功能,系统地综述了体外肠道细胞吸收模型研究进展,并以类胡萝卜素为代表,阐述了其肠道吸收转运机制,重点探讨了Caco-2单细胞模型和Caco-2/HT29-MTX细胞共培养模型在其吸收利用上的应用,以期为更好地利用肠道细胞吸收模型体外模拟人体对不同膳食化合物的吸收利用提供借鉴。     

手语识别中基于HMM的区分性训练方法

传统的隐马尔科夫模型（HMM）的训练方法基于统计概率的最大似然准则（MLE），在训练样本数目足够大的情况下，这种方法在理论上可以得到最优的结果．在手语识别研究中，采集足够大的训练样本十分困难．区分性训练可以很好地弥补由于训练样本的缺乏以及手语模型之间的近似而造成的识别系统的缺陷．最大交互信息准则（MMIE）作为区分性训练准则的一种已经被广泛的应用于语音识别领域．文中通过合理的构建手语识别中的竞争模型和易混集。提出了MMIE准则的改进形式，并将其应用于特定人与非特定人手语识别．实验证明，使用改进的MMIE准则对识别系统性能有很大的提高．     

HDL causes mesangial cell mitogenesis through a tyrosine kinase-dependent receptor mechanism

Hypercholesterolemia and mesangial cell proliferation have been proposed to play a role in the progression of glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy and other renal diseases. Although LDL is mitogenic for and cytotoxic to mesangial cells, the effect of HDL on these cells is unknown. HDL stimulates fibroblast mitogenesis and is the principal cholesterol-bearing lipoprotein in the rat, the experimental model for studying the effect of hyperlipidemia on renal disease. Insulin is mitogenic in several cell systems, and its levels are increased in serum in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. This study investigates whether HDL acts as a growth factor in mesangial cells and whether it functions in parallel with insulin. It was found that HDL at protein concentrations between 10 and 500 microg/ml, both alone and in the presence of 100 nM insulin, increased DNA synthesis in mesangial cells (129 to 165% of control for HDL alone; 140 to 235% for HDL plus insulin), whereas HDL at 1000 microg/ml and greater inhibited mesangial cell proliferation. Insulin alone at 100 nM stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation in the same cell system (145% of control); the mitogenic effect of insulin was additive to that of HDL. Purified apo A-I had a similar effect, but at significantly lower concentrations. Specific binding of HDL to mesangial cells was demonstrated (B(max) [binding constant] of 5.19 +/- 0.70 x 10(-7) micromol of HDL bound/mg cell protein and K(b) of 2.83 +/- 0.22 nM). Tetranitromethane alters apo A-I, preventing binding to its cognate receptor. Tetranitromethane-modified HDL did not bind to mesangial cells and had no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation. Addition of HDL to mesangial cells caused an immediate transient increase in free intracellular calcium in several representative mesangial cells, similar to the response seen with platelet-derived growth factor. The mitogenic effect of HDL was not altered after attenuation of cellular protein kinase C activity, but the stimulatory effect of HDL alone and in combination with insulin on DNA synthesis was completely eliminated after inhibition of cellular tyrosine kinases by 24-h pretreatment with 0.25 microM herbimycin A. Thus, HDL binds to a specific apo A-I-dependent receptor, promotes DNA synthesis, and initiates second-messenger events by a tyrosine kinase-dependent and protein kinase C-independent mechanism.     

一些常用个人防护用品的弱贯穿辐射防护性能评价

为了掌握常用个人防护用品对不同能量β射线的防护效果,在⁸⁵Kr和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y标准β辐射场中,测量给出了各种组合情况下常用个人防护用品对定向剂量当量率公式β射线防护效果较差,对于高能β辐射场所作业人员,给出了开展弱贯穿辐射监测的方法和防护的措施。     

脉冲X射线次级标准电离室研制及量传技术研究

为解决脉冲X射线参考辐射场剂量准确定值及校准的技术难题,本文结合理论计算、蒙特卡罗模拟和实验的方法研制了脉冲X射线次级标准电离室并建立了ms级脉冲X射线参考辐射场,开展了主动式电离辐射剂量仪的脉冲X射线响应测试工作。实验结果表明,目前在售主流主动式剂量计的脉冲剂量响应偏低甚至给出错误读数,不适用于短脉冲、高剂量率辐射场的剂量测量和预警,会对人员安全造成较大隐患,因此应研发适用于脉冲X射线的主动式电离辐射剂量仪并推广脉冲X射线计量校准工作。     

银保护灰吹铅试金-高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁粉中痕量金

铁粉是提取Au的重要原料,故需准确测定铁粉中的Au。采用自制并提纯的碱式碳酸铅作为捕集剂熔融得到铅扣,经加银保护灰吹铅扣将Au进一步富集在银合粒中,压制银合粒成片,采用先加入HNO₃加热溶解,再加入HCl加热溶解的方式溶解银片,使Au完全溶解进入溶液,选择像素点为5,采用高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法(HR-CS-FAAS)进行分析,实现了对铁粉样品中Au的测定。实验比较了王水加热溶解-聚氨酯泡沫塑料富集分离和加Ag保护灰吹铅试金法两种样品处理方法。结果表明,采用王水加热溶解样品不能将样品溶解完全,且Au的测定结果相比加Ag保护灰吹铅试金法显著偏低,而采用铅试金法处理样品,样品熔融状态较好、熔渣流动性好,可使Au完全富集在铅扣中。对银合粒的溶解方法进行了试验,结果表明,采用加HNO₃加热溶解后再加HCl的分步加热溶解方式可将银合粒溶解完全。共存离子干扰试验表明,样品中的共存离子不干扰测定。在选定的优化实验条件下,Au的吸光度与其对应的质量浓度运用二次方程最小二乘法拟合校准曲线,校准曲线决定系数为0.999 9;方法检出限为0.005 25 μg/g,定量限为0.017 32 μg/g。将所建立的方法应用于实际铁粉样品中0.56~12.6 μg/g Au的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.3%～3.7%,加标回收率为92%～107%,满足国家地质矿产行业标准DZ/T 0130—2006对于回收率的要求。