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Wai Ling Cheung-Lee Madison E. Parry Dr. Chuhan Zong Alexis Jaramillo Cartagena Prof. Seth A. Darst Prof. Nancy D. Connell Dr. Riccardo Russo Prof. A. James Link 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(9):1335-1340
We report the heterologous expression, structure, and antimicrobial activity of a lasso peptide, ubonodin, encoded in the genome of Burkholderia ubonensis. The topology of ubonodin is unprecedented amongst lasso peptides, with 18 of its 28 amino acids found in the mechanically bonded loop segment. Ubonodin inhibits RNA polymerase in vitro and has potent antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic members of the Burkholderia genus, most notably B. cepacia and B. multivorans, causative agents of lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 相似文献
75.
Despite repeated suggestions that antioxidant activity of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a collective of conjugated dienoic
isomers of linoleic acid, underlies its reported anticarcinogenic and antiatherosclerotic effects, the antioxidant properties
of CLA remain ill-defined. Therefore, this study was undertaken to gain more insight into the mechanism of potential CLA antioxidant
activity. It was tested whether CLA could protect membranes composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine (PLPC)
from oxidative modification under conditions of metal ion-dependent or-independent oxidative stress. Progress of oxidation
was determined by direct spectrophotometric measurement of conjugated diene formation and by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric
analysis of fatty acids. The oxidative susceptibility of CLA was higher than that of linoleic acid, and comparable to arachidonic
acid. When oxidation of PLPC (1.0 mM) was initiated using the lipid-soluble 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) or the water-soluble 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, the radical scavengers vitamin E and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at 0.75 μM efficiently
inhibited PLPC oxidation, as evident from a clear lagphase. In contrast, 0.75 μM CLA did not have any significant effect on PLPC oxidation. Inhibition of PLPC oxidation by higher concentrations
of CLA appeared due to competition, not to an antioxidant effect. When oxidation of PLPC was initiated by hydrogen peroxide/Fe2+ (500 μM/0.05–20 μM), both vitamin E (1 μM) and ethylene glycol-bis(aminoethyl ether) tetraacetic acid (50 μM) efficiently inhibited PLPC oxidation. However, CLA (1–50 μM) did not show a clear
protective effect under any of the conditions tested. We conclude that CLA, under these test conditions, does not act as an
efficient radical scavenger in any way comparable to vitamin E or BHT. CLA also does not appear to be converted into a metal
chelator under metal-ion dependent oxidative stress, as had previously been suggested. On the basis of our observations, a
role for CLA as an antioxidant does not seem plausible. 相似文献
76.
Dr. Jessica S. Kelsey Dr. Tamas Geczy Nancy E. Lewin Dr. Noemi Kedei Colin S. Hill Julia S. Selezneva Christopher J. Valle Wonhee Woo Dr. Inna Gorshkova Dr. Peter M. Blumberg 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2014,15(8):1131-1144
The C1 domain, which represents the recognition motif on protein kinase C for the lipophilic second messenger diacylglycerol and its ultrapotent analogues, the phorbol esters, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer and other indications. Potential target selectivity is markedly enhanced both because binding reflects ternary complex formation between the ligand, C1 domain, and phospholipid, and because binding drives membrane insertion of the C1 domain, permitting aspects of the C1 domain surface outside the binding site, per se, to influence binding energetics. Here, focusing on charged residues identified in atypical C1 domains which contribute to their loss of ligand binding activity, we showed that increasing charge along the rim of the binding cleft of the protein kinase C δ C1 b domain raises the requirement for anionic phospholipids. Correspondingly, it shifts the selectivity of C1 domain translocation to the plasma membrane, which is more negatively charged than internal membranes. This change in localization is most pronounced in the case of more hydrophilic ligands, which provide weaker membrane stabilization than do the more hydrophobic ligands and thus contributes an element to the structure–activity relations for C1 domain ligands. Coexpressing pairs of C1‐containing constructs with differing charges each expressing a distinct fluorescent tag provided a powerful tool to demonstrate the effect of increasing charge in the C1 domain. 相似文献
77.
The conflict between agriculture and urban development is intense in urbanizing areas of the United States and is a problem best resolved at the local level. To effectively develop and apply techniques for preserving farmland, areas of conflict must be identified. This article describes the application of a geographic information system (GIS) for determining the location and level of conflict between agriculture and other forms of human intervention. The procedures used for assessing conflicts are described through a case study in the city of Westfield, Massachusetts and the findings show that GIS can be an effective tool for local decision makers, allowing alternative strategies to be developed and evaluated for agricultural protection. 相似文献
78.
Diporeia, formerly the dominant benthic macroinvertebrate in the Great Lakes, remains a keystone species in Lake Superior. Little is known, however, about fine scale amphipod distributions, especially as influenced by the production, transport and transformation of energy resources. Here, we document the distribution and abundance of Diporeia along 19 transects around the lake's perimeter. Regions of elevated density, averaging 958 ± 408 Diporeia/m2 (mean ± S.D.) were observed along all transects, typically within slope habitat (depth of 30–125 m). Waters shoreward (shelf habitat, < 30 m) and lakeward (profundal habitat, > 125 m) of these regions supported significantly lower densities, averaging 239 ± 178/m2 and 106 ± 59/m2, respectively. Amphipods within regions of elevated density, termed here the Ring of Fire, account for two-thirds of the lakewide population while occupying only one-quarter of the benthic habitat. The Ring of Fire, observed lakewide as a band averaging 14.2 ± 9.4 km in width, is characterized as a region of transitional sediment deposition with gentle slope, proximate to nearshore locations of elevated primary production. Within the Ring of Fire exceptionally high densities are found in the south central region, where the Keweenaw Current and slope bathymetries serve to funnel production from adjoining regions of high production. Density measurements for the 173 stations sampled here are used to estimate lakewide Diporeia standing stock (22.5–37.7 trillion individuals, 4.4–7.4 Gg dry weight, 2.1–3.5 Gg C), individual and biomass density (274–460/m2, 0.05–0.09 g DW/m2, 0.03–0.04 gC/m2) and areal (0.02–0.03 g C/m2/yr) and total (1.6–2.6 Gg C/yr) production. 相似文献
79.
There is growing concern in the United States about avoidable, unjust differences in health associated with sociodemographic characteristics, such as socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. This concern has sparked research to identify how disparities develop and how they can be reduced. Studies showing that disparities occur at all levels of socioeconomic status, not simply at the very bottom, suggest that psychosocial factors play an important role. The author discusses both content and process issues in psychological research on disparities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
80.
Zimmerman Jeffrey; Hess Allen K.; McGarrah Nancy A.; Benjamin G. Andrew H.; Ally Glenn A.; Gollan Jackie K.; Kaser-Boyd Nancy 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2009,40(6):539
The provision of psychological (e.g., psychotherapy, coparenting, mediation, collaborative divorce, child custody evaluation) services for families of divorce are growing specialties for many clinical and forensic psychologists. However, practice in domestic relations psychology, such as divorce and custody assessment and testimony, is a high-risk venture for incurring ethics complaints and law suits. The lead article and the three commentaries that follow enumerate the various roles practitioners might play, clarify how each role requires specific skill sets that may be outside one’s particular competence and necessitate additional training, describe how countertransferential issues arise, urge meticulous record keeping, discuss some of the subtleties of confidentiality and the releasing of information, describe how transparency in clarifying expectations leads to a lowering of contentiousness, and provide tips for divorce and forensic practice. The special challenges associated with psychologists being tempted to move beyond their role on a case and those of particularly high-risk situations (e.g., complaints of child abuse or domestic violence) are also discussed. Suggestions are offered to help psychologists better serve the public while taking steps to better inoculate themselves from complaints. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献