An Activity Recognition System For Mobile Phones

We present a novel system that recognizes and records the motional activities of a person using a mobile phone. Wireless sensors measuring the intensity of motions are attached to body parts of the user. Sensory data is collected by a mobile application that recognizes prelearnt activities in real-time. For efficient motion pattern recognition of gestures and postures, feed-forward backpropagation neural networks are adopted. The design and implementation of the system are presented along with the records of our experiences. Results show high recognition rates for distinguishing among six different motion patterns. The recognized activity can be used as an additional retrieval key in an extensive mobile memory recording and sharing project. Power consumption measurements of the wireless communication and the recognition algorithm are provided to characterize the resource requirements of the system.     

Untersuchungen zur Anwendung von UHPFRC‐Tübbingen bei der zweischaligen Tunnelbauweise

Faserbewehrter Beton wird heute zunehmend auch bei Tunnelbauwerken (Tunnelinnenschalen, Tübbinge) eingesetzt. Wesentliche Vorteile sind das hohe Tragvermögen, das daraus entstehende Einsparungspotential an herkömmlicher stabförmiger Bewehrung (Biegebewehrung, Bügelbewehrung in der Randzone), die Aufnahme von Spaltzugbeanspruchungen durch die Fasern, Rissbreitenbegrenzung, erhöhte Dauerhaftigkeit, verbesserter Brandwiderstand (insbesondere bei Verwendung von Kunststofffasern), Optimierung der Arbeitsabläufe etc. Neue Entwicklungen in der Betontechnologie haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten den faserbewehrten ultrahochfesten Beton (engl. UHPFRC – Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete) hervorgebracht. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird der Einsatz des ultrahochfesten, stahlfaserbewehrten Betons beim zweischaligen Tübbingausbau untersucht. Als Referenzobjekt dient die derzeit im Bau befindliche Tunnelkette Perschling, die im Zuge des viergleisigen Ausbaus der Westbahnstrecke der Österreichischen Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) in Niederösterreich errichtet wird. Ziel der statischen Untersuchung ist es, unter der Randbedingung, dass die maximalen Verformungen des C 40/50‐Normalbetontübbings gemäß Ausschreibungsstatik nicht überschritten werden, herauszufinden, inwieweit die Schalendicke durch Einsatz einer alternativen UHPFRC‐Tübbingschale reduziert und dadurch wirtschaftliche Vorteile generiert werden können. Investigations on the application of Ultra‐High‐Performance‐Fibre‐Reinforced‐Concrete (UHPFRC) tunnel segments at the double shell lining construction. Today fibre reinforced concrete is increasingly applied for tunnel construction (tunnel linings, tunnel segments). The essential benefits are e.g. the higher load bearing capacity, savings potential on the conventional bending and binder reinforcement, the absorption of splitting forces by the fibres, crack width limitation, higher durability, improved fire resistance, optimization of the workflow, etc. Beside the steel fibres carbon or glass fibres and polypropylene fibres are being added increasingly. Recent developments in concrete technology have produced the Ultra‐High‐Performance Fibre‐Reinforced‐Concrete. This work examines the use of UHPFRC at the double shell segmental lining system. As reference object serves the currently constructed tunnel chain Perschling which is part of the four track west railway route extension in Lower Austria. The aim of the analysis is the design of an alternative UHPFRC shell with minimum thickness while maintaining the constraint that the deformations are not exceeding those in the tender design with its C 40/50 reinforced concrete segments.     

High Fill Factor and Open Circuit Voltage in Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Diindenoperylene as Donor Material

Small‐molecule photovoltaic cells using diindenoperylene (DIP) as a new donor material in combination with the fullerene C₆₀ as an electron acceptor are demonstrated. In addition to the successful application in planar and bulk heterojunction devices, a comprehensive analysis including structural studies, the determination of the energy level alignment and electrical transport investigations is given, stressing the correlation between growth conditions, film morphology, and device performance. Due to pronounced crystallinity and a large surface area of DIP films grown at elevated temperature, exceptionally high fill factors of almost 75% are achieved in planar heterojunction cells. Bulk heterojunctions exhibit large‐scale phase separation forming a bicontinuous network of both molecular species, which enables efficient exciton dissociation and charge carrier transport. The high ionization potential of DIP and the favorable energy level alignment with the fullerene C₆₀ yield large open circuit voltages close to 1 V and comparable power conversion efficiencies of about 4% in both cell architectures.     

Performance drop at executing communication-intensive parallel algorithms

The Journal of Supercomputing - This work summarizes the results of a set of executions completed on three fat-tree network supercomputers: Stampede at TACC (USA), Helios at IFERC (Japan) and Eagle...     

Planungsansatz für modulare Anlagen in der chemischen Industrie

Modularly built production plants are considered for planning new chemical plants, in case they shall be designed quickly and transformable, flexible plants are required. To date, these plants are planned mostly by the conventional planning process, so that time saving is not achieved. This paper presents a module based planning approach, which allows a structured planning of new modular plants in a time‐efficient way. All required documents for building modules are stored in the Process Equipment Design documentation, which is available for re‐use in future projects.     

Producing compliant business behaviour: disclosure of food inspection results in Denmark and Germany

Public disclosure of food inspection results (??name-and-shame??) is increasingly used to promote compliance with food regulations. Name-and-shame measures tackle the problem of market failure by increasing transparency, strengthening the sovereignty of consumers and enabling them to make informed choices. Consumers prefer to buy from compliant food businesses. If information on compliance is successfully conveyed to consumers, non-compliant businesses will face a competitive disadvantage. They will be sanctioned not only by the state but also by a loss of market share. Additionally, social sanctioning from ??relevant others??, such as friends and regular customers, may be linked with market sanctions. Both economic and social sanctions further the motivation to comply. Name-and-shame measures are thereby expected to effectively increase compliance with food regulations while keeping costs low for tax payers. Regulatory strategies which are both effective and cost-efficient are said to be ??smart??. A prerequisite of smart regulatory approaches is that they are legally viable within a nation??s legal and constitutional environment. Against this background, and with a view to the current political discussions regarding the introduction of a public disclosure system in Germany, we carry out a comparative analysis of the well-established Danish smiley scheme and three pilot projects in Germany. Aiming at identifying the potential for improvement, we address the institutional design of these systems as well as their effectiveness and costs.     

Reversible shape transition: Plasmonic nanorods in elastic nanocontainers

We demonstrate the reversible rod-to-sphere shape transition of gold/mesoporous silica core/shell nanorods, where the shell acts as an elastic nanocontainer during the shape change. It is shown, that elongated core/shell nanorods are transformed into spherical core/shell particles at 300 °C. The anisometric shape of the composite particles can be recovered upon in-situ seeded growth of the gold core. The mesoporous silica shell acts as a nanoscale confinement, enabling control over the growth procedure during the chemical reaction. The shell of the particles was found to be elastic; it shows conformal shape-change with the core material during the heating and the subsequent seeded growth process. The effect of the reaction conditions during the seeded growth on the resulting particle morphology was also investigated. It is demonstrated, that depending on the growth conditions, core/shell nanorods or larger core/shell nanospheres can be obtained. The shape transformation cycle can be repeated for the same system several times, where the break-up of the confining shell represents the physical limit of the process.     

添加CaO或Y的ZK40镁合金的腐蚀行为（英文）

研究了铸造ZK40、添加2%(质量分数)CaO和添加1%(质量分数)Y的ZK40镁合金的微观组织,并表征了金属间化合物相的形貌和分布。利用ZK40晶界处分散的金属间化合物颗粒,将添加了CaO或Y的ZK40的微观组织调整为沿晶界分布的金属间化合物的半连续网络结构。微观组织中没有检测到CaO,Ca存在于铸造过程中形成的金属间化合物Ca_2Mg_6Zn_3中。析氢和电化学交流阻抗谱分析显示,添加CaO后合金的耐腐性略有提高,而添加Y却对ZK40的耐腐蚀性有负面影响。浸泡试验结果显示,严重的局部腐蚀和沿金属间化合物的腐蚀对ZK40-Y合金的腐蚀过程有重要影响,而ZK40和ZK40-CaO合金的局部腐蚀不明显。ZK40合金中α-Mg基体中的显微偏析明显高于加CaO或Y的ZK40合金,这种作用结合合金表面形成了更加稳定的耐腐蚀层是ZK40-CaO合金的耐腐蚀性能提高的主要原因。     

Thermodynamically and kinetically favored locations of rice husk ash particles in the phase structure,and the properties of epoxidized natural rubber/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

This article aims to study the influences of the selective location of rice husk ash (RHA) particles on morphological, mechanical, and dynamic properties of epoxidized natural rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane blends (ENR/TPU). Thermodynamic aspects, that is, interfacial tension and work of adhesion were assessed from estimates based on surface tension. It was found that the RHA particles had stronger interactions with the ENR than the TPU, of the co‐continuous phases. The phase structure was mainly controlled by kinetic factors, particularly by the mixing sequence, and to a lesser degree by thermodynamics. Furthermore, the microstructure with RHA particles dispersed in the ENR co‐continuous phase was found to give enhanced mechanical properties. This might be attributed to the higher work of adhesion between ENR and RHA that stabilized the encapsulated RHA particles against shear and elongational stresses, during melt mixing and in the final products. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46681.