Water-Acetonitrile Ratio in Perchlorate Cadmium Bath and the Effectiveness of the Addition of Crown-Ester

It is shown that the strongest deceleration of the electrodeposition of cadmium in inhibited media is observed in the domain of loosening the structure of a mixed solvent (0.45 x ₂ 0.25) when the molecular adsorption of organic solvent on Cd is maximum. The process is maximally facilitated in the domain of ordering the acetonitrile's (AN) structure (0.9 x ₂ 0.75), where perchlorate anions dominate at the cathode surface. Crown-ester exhibits maximum inhibition effect under the conditions of preferential adsorption of its molecules, i.e., in the domain of the prevalence of the nonaqueous component in the mixture (x ₂ 0.95).     

Role of Chiral Configuration in the Photoinduced Interaction of D- and L-Tryptophan with Optical Isomers of Ketoprofen in Linked Systems

The study of the L- and D-amino acid properties in proteins and peptides has attracted considerable attention in recent years, as the replacement of even one L-amino acid by its D-analogue due to aging of the body is resulted in a number of pathological conditions, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A recent trend is using short model systems to study the peculiarities of proteins with D-amino acids. In this report, the comparison of the excited states quenching of L- and D-tryptophan (Trp) in a model donor–acceptor dyad with (R)- and (S)-ketoprofen (KP-Trp) was carried out by photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) and fluorescence spectroscopy. Quenching of the Trp excited states, which occurs via two mechanisms: prevailing resonance energy transfer (RET) and electron transfer (ET), indeed demonstrates some peculiarities for all three studied configurations of the dyad: (R,S)-, (S,R)-, and (S,S)-. Thus, the ET efficiency is identical for (S,R)- and (R,S)-enantiomers, while RET differs by 1.6 times. For (S,S)-, the CIDNP coefficient is almost an order of magnitude greater than for (R,S)- and (S,R)-. To understand the source of this difference, hyperpolarization of (S,S)-and (R,S)- has been calculated using theory involving the electron dipole–dipole interaction in the secular equation.     

Results of Combined Cleaning of the Internal Heating Surfaces of High-Pressure Heaters

The technology, flow diagram, and results of combined cleaning of deposits from the internal heating surfaces (tubes) of high-pressure heaters are describe     

Simulation of the ciliary apparatus of ciliated epithelial cells

The apparatus and functioning of the ciliary apparatus of ciliated epithelial cells and nasal mucosa is described. A model is suggested for the ciliary apparatus as a system of solid bodies with forces. This model and the results of computer modeling are mathematically described     

Thermodynamic modeling of thermal processes involving actinides (U,Am, Pu) in the course of heating radioactive graphite in steam

The behavior of actinides (U, Am, Pu) in the course of combustion of radioactive graphite in steam was studied by thermodynamic modeling. Thermodynamic modeling was performed using TERRA program in the temperature interval from 373 to 3273 K to determine the possible composition of volatile actinide species formed in the course of graphite utilization by heating in steam. The modeling shows that the actinides at high temperatures are present in the following forms: U, as UO₃ and UO₂ vapors and as UO₃ ^– and UO₂ ⁺ ions; Am, as Am vapor; and Pu, as PuO₂ and PuO vapors and as ionized PuO⁺. The main reactions within separate phases and at the interface were revealed, and their equilibrium constants were determined.     

Quadricuspid aortic valve: diagnosis by multiple transesophageal echocardiography

The case of a quadricuspid aortic valve diagnosed in adult age is reported. A 67-year-old patient, who had no previous diseases or cardiovascular complaints, presented in the clinic for an embolic occlusion of the left retinal artery. Isolated moderate aortic regurgitation was diagnosed clinically and echocardiographically. For its further evaluation and for seeking embolic sources, multiplane transesophageal echocardiography was performed, which discovered a quadricuspid aortic valve as the cause of aortic regurgitation and major atherosclerotic lesions in the ascending aorta and the aortic arch as possible cause of the embolic event. The fourth, accessory cusp, smaller than the other three, was localized between the non-coronary and left coronary cusp. In the short axis view the quadricuspid aortic valve showed in diastole a "X"-configuration, with a persistent central orifice between the commissures, which was the cause of the regurgitation jet in color Doppler examination, and in the systole a trapezoid opening pattern. In the long-axis view the valve showed a tricuspid closing pattern. The quadricuspid aortic valve can be exactly diagnosed by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography.     

Possible determination of an unsteady heat flux by using the final state of temperature indicators located along the sample depth

The problem of determining the heat flux density as a function of time by using the final value of the coordinates of the regions of change in color of temperature indicators located along the sample depth is considered.In publishing this article the Editorial Board considers it necessary to present a referee's opinion: The author proposes an original statement of the inverse heat conduction problem on determining a time-dependent heat flux when the final values of the coordinates of the region of change in color of temperature indicators located along the material depth — in the heat propagation direction — are used as initial experimental data. The possibility that this problem has more than one solution is discussed. This is the main difficulty in such an approach. It is suggested that this uncertainty by circumvented by using a priori information on the solution class. "Numerical results show that this appreach is possible in principle, although further studies are needed. "Taking into account the new nontraditional statement of the problem and interesting initial results relating to it, I think that this article can be published in the Journal of Engineering Physics despite the fact that it is definitely vulnerable to criticism." O. M. Alifanov.Scientific Production Association Energy, Moscow, Russia. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 65, No. 2, pp. 243–248, August, 1993.     

Equation of state of the liquid alkali metals. I.

Experimental PVT data are given for sodium, rubidium, and cesium in the liquid phase. Procedures and measurement errors are discussed.Notation P pressure - V volume - T temperature - density - R solubility - D coefficient of diffusion - t time - L diffusion length - thermal expansion - C_p isobaric specific heat Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 901–907, November, 1978.