Bilateral primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the testis

We report the case of a 72-year-old man with bilateral testicular masses that, on histologic section, were found to be synchronous non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Workup was negative for systemic disease, indicating the possibility of bilateral primary testicular lymphomas. We discuss the evaluation and treatment of this lesion and review the literature concerning this subject.     

Characterization of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from shrunken-2 and brittle-2 mutants of maize

Electrophoretic characterization of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase from the developing endosperms of nine shrunken-2 and four brittle-2 mutants revealed that (1) all mutants had low but detectable levels of activity, (2) mutation at either locus decreased activity of pyrophosphorylases A and B, and (3) differences in mobility were not found. However, pyrophosphorylase B extracted from several shrunken-2 and brittle-2 mutants differed from normal in extent of urea denaturation, Km (glucose-1-phosphate) or type of glucose-1-phosphaociation with the sh2 locus) appears to differ from normal in Km (glucose-1-phosphate).     

Infection control in dental radiology

Although exposure to blood is rare in oral and maxillofacial radiology, contact with saliva occurs. Thus the spread of infectious diseases is possible through cross-contamination, and specific infection control protocols and unit dosing of items are needed. This article outlines rationale for implementing state-of-the-art infection control procedures; and explains federal standards and guidelines with an impact on infection control and occupational safety in dental radiology procedures.     

Response of Red Blood Cell Folate to Supplementation in Nonpregnant Women is Predictable: A Proposal for Personalized Supplementation

Scope

We modeled red blood cell (RBC)‐folate response to supplementation and developed personalized folate supplementation concepts.

Methods and results

The changes of RBC‐folate were modeled in a time‐ (4 or 8 weeks) and dose‐ (400 or 800 μg d^?1 folate) dependent manner. Post‐supplementation RBC‐folate levels were predicted from folate‐loading capacities (= measured RBC‐folate – [baseline RBC‐folate × RBC‐survival]). The prediction equations were validated in 119 participants. The median increase of RBC‐folate was higher in the 800 μg d^?1 than in the 400 μg d^?1 group (275 vs 169 nmol L^?1 after 4 weeks, and 551 vs 346 nmol L^?1 after 8 weeks). Medians (interquartile range) of RBC‐folate loading were (4 weeks: 299 (160) vs 409 (237) nmol L^?1) and (8 weeks: 630 (134) versus 795 (187) nmol L^?1) in the 400 and 800 μg d^?1 group, respectively. The individual measured and predicted RBC‐folate values (after 4 weeks/400 μg d^?1 = 25 + 1.27 × baseline RBC‐folate) and (after 4 weeks/800 μg d^?1 = 65 + 1.41 × baseline RBC‐folate) did not differ significantly. The measured and predicted concentrations showed high agreement in the validation cohort.

Conclusions

The models can guide nutritional recommendations in women when baseline RBC‐folate concentrations are measured and the time to pregnancy between 4 and 8 weeks.

     

Backward pattern masking can vary as a nonmonotonic function of target duration: on the influence of intratraget metacontrast

The magnitude of backward masking is usually found to vary inversely with the amount of information about a target that is made available to the visual system. Contrary to these findings, we report a nonmonotonic relation between the magnitude of backward pattern masking and target duration. Specifically, masking decreased as target duration was increased to about 8 msec and, then, became more severe as target duration was further increased to a value of at least 40 msec. The occurrence of the nonmonotonic function depended on (a) the degree of definition of the target's edges, (b) the luminance levels within the target stimulus, and (c) the state of adaptation of the eye. It is hypothesized that the source of the nonmonotonic function was metacontrast interference that originated from within the target stimulus configuration. This hypothesis was supported by data that indicated that in the absence of any mask presentations, the apparent contrast between the target and its immediate background varied as a nonmonotonic function of target duration.