The isolation and characteristics of monoclonal antibodies to recombinant proteins of HIV-1 and HIV-2--the env and gag gene products

Ten hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (Mab) against recombinant HIV-1 and HIV-2 antigens were produced (3 Mab anti-gag protein, 2 anti-env1, and 5 anti-env2). In the immunoblotting assay all the anti-gag Mabs reacted with HIV capsid protein p24, whereas one of them reacted also with p55 protein and with 7 other polypeptides. Another anti-gag Mab cross-reacted with the antigen of subpopulation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The third one interacted with the antigen of both HIV-1 and HIV-2. All the 10 Mabs interacted with natural HIV antigens and can be used for identification and differentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2.     

Evaluation of maxillary dental arch form in unilateral clefts of lip, alveolus, and palate from one month to four years

This study evaluated the early changes of maxillary alveolar arches of operated unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Dental casts were available at four age increments. Triangular flap cheiloplasty was carried out at an early age. Two-stage palatoplasty by vomer flap and soft palate closure took place later. Prior to lip repair, the alveolar arches were classified according to the relationship between greater and lesser segments. Almost a quarter had overlap of the alveolar segments with no contact between the alveolar ridges at the cleft site; some had no overlap with contact of the alveolar segments in the cleft region; almost a quarter had both overlap of the alveolar segments and contact; and almost half had no overlap of the segments and the alveolar ridges were not in contact at the cleft site. After lip repair, the arch relationships were examined and the percentage of patients in each of the four groups indicated a moulding effect of lip repair on the alveolar segments. This moulding effect caused the alveolar segments in most patients to be in contact at the cleft site. Most of these also had segment overlap. All patients were re-examined shortly after palatal repair. The trend for segment overlap and contact continued after palate surgery. However, when all patients were seen at age 4, percentages of patients in each group indicated that previous overlap of segments improved to a more desirable nonoverlapped relationship in approximately half of the patients. The other half continued to demonstrate arch collapse, in excess of what would be considered ideal ridge relationship.     

Oral mucosal grafts in laryngeal reconstruction (author''s transl)]

Thirty-one children with behavioural problems and learning difficulties were allergy tested for sensitivity to salicylates, artificial colours and flavours, eighteen children had a positive response, and 15 of these were given the Australian Version of the Feingold K.P. diet. Ninety-three per cent responded with improved behaviour in the areas of overactivity, distractability, impulsiveness and excitability. Sleep and enuresis problems were resolved partially or completely. This study demonstrates that the aforementioned elimination diet significantly affects behaviour.     

Development of spatiotemporal receptive fields of simple cells: II. Simulation and analysis

In part I of this article a correlation based model for the developmental process of spatiotemporal receptive fields has been introduced. In this model the development is described as an activity-dependent competition between four types of input from the lateral geniculate nucleus onto a cortical cell, viz. non-lagged ON and OFF and lagged ON and OFF inputs. In the present paper simulation results and a first analysis are presented for this model. We study the developmental process both before and after eye-opening and compare the results with experimental data from reverse correlation measurements. The outcome of the developmental process is determined mainly by the spatial and the temporal correlations between the different inputs. In particular, if the mean correlation between non-lagged and lagged inputs is weak, receptive fields with a widely varying degree of direction selectivity emerge. However, spatiotemporal receptive fields may show rotation of their preferred orientation as a function of response delay. Even if the mean correlation between two types of temporal input is not weak, direction-selective receptive fields may emerge because of an intracortical interaction between different cortical maps. In an environment of moving lines or gratings, direction-selective receptive fields develop only if the distribution of the directions of motion presented during development shows some anisotropy. In this case, a continuous map of preferred direction is also shown to develop.