Hardware design of motion data decoding process for H.264/AVC

In H.264/AVC, motion data can be basically derived by the following two schemes: one is a typical spatial prediction scheme based on the DPCM and the other is a sophisticated spatiotemporal prediction scheme for the skipped motion data, formally referred to as a direct mode. We verified through instruction level profiling that when these schemes are combined with various H.264/AVC coding techniques, the computational burden to derive the motion data could be considerably aggravated. Specifically, its computational complexity amounts to maximally 55% of that of the overall syntax parsing process. In this paper, we aim at an efficient hardware design of the motion data decoding process for H.264/AVC, for which all the key design considerations are addressed in detail and respective rational answers are presented. As comparing the resulting hardware design with the processor-based solution, its effectiveness was clearly demonstrated. The proposed design was implemented with 43.2 K logic gates and three on-chip memories of 3584 bits using Samsung Semiconductor’s Standard Cell Library in 65 nm L6LP process technology (SS65LP), and was capable of operating the H.264/AVC high-profile video bitstream of 1080p@60fps at 100 MHz consuming 843 μW.     

Fabrication and characterisation of CMOS compatible silicon nanowire biosensor

A silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensor for label-free and real-time detection has been fabricated by complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. For the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) used as a biomarker of prostate cancer the SiNW surface was modified to immobilise the antibody of PSA (anti-PSA). Real-time monitoring reveals the change in conductivity of the SiNW on specific binding of PSA to anti-PSA. For 355 nm SiNW, the response to 10 ng/ml of PSA was 7.3 .     

Fault Attack on a Point Blinding Countermeasure of Pairing Algorithms

Recently, Page and Vercauteren proposed a fault attack on pairing algorithms and two countermeasures against such an attack. The countermeasure uses either a random scalar or a random point to blind the input points. To defeat the countermeasure using a random point, we utilize the point addition formula on an elliptic curve. As a result, we successfully defeat the countermeasure using a random point.     

Grating lobe reduction in ultrasonic synthetic focusing

Two novel schemes of data acquisition in synthetic aperture ultrasonic imaging systems using a linear array transducer are presented to solve the troublesome grating lobe problem. Simulation and experimental results show that in both schemes the grating lobes are significantly reduced without appreciable degradation of the main lobe characteristics.<>     

一种基于Ag-Sn等温凝固的圆片键合技术

研究了用Ag-Sn作为键合中间层的圆片健合。相对于成熟的Au-Sn键合系统(典型键合温度是280℃),该系统可以提供更低成本、更高键合后分离(De-Bonding)温度的圆片级键合方案。使用直径为100mm硅片,盖板硅片上溅射多层金属Ti/Ni/Sn/Au,利用Lift-off工艺来形成图形。基板硅片上溅射Ti/Ni/Au/Ag。硅片制备好后,将盖板和基板叠放在一起送入键合机进行键合。键合过程在N2气氛中进行,键合过程中不需要使用助焊剂。研究了不同键合参数,如键合压力、温度等对键合结果的影响。剪切强度测试表明样品的剪切强度平均在55.17MPa。TMA测试表明键合后分离温度可以控制在500℃左右。He泄漏测试证明封接的气密性极好。     

Parametric GLRT for Multichannel Adaptive Signal Detection

This paper considers the problem of detecting a multichannel signal in the presence of spatially and temporally colored disturbance. A parametric generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is developed by modeling the disturbance as a multichannel autoregressive (AR) process. Maximum likelihood (ML) parameter estimation underlying the parametric GLRT is examined. It is shown that the ML estimator for the alternative hypothesis is nonlinear and there exists no closed-form expression. To address this issue, an asymptotic ML (AML) estimator is presented, which yields asymptotically optimum parameter estimates at reduced complexity. The performance of the parametric GLRT is studied by considering challenging cases with limited or no training signals for parameter estimation. Such cases (especially when training is unavailable) are of great interest in detecting signals in heterogeneous, fast changing, or dense-target environments, but generally cannot be handled by most existing multichannel detectors which rely more heavily on training at an adequate level. Compared with the recently introduced parametric adaptive matched filter (PAMF) and parametric Rao detectors, the parametric GLRT achieves higher data efficiency, offering improved detection performance in general.     

Analysis of Single‐RF MIMO Receiver with Beam‐Switching Antenna

This paper proposes a single‐RF MIMO receiver that adopts a beam‐switching antenna (BSA) instead of a conventional array antenna. The beauty of the proposed single‐RF MIMO receiver with BSA is that it can be deployed in a very small physical space while achieving a full spatial multiplexing gain. Our analysis has revealed that the use of a BSA inevitably results in the spectrum spreading effect at the RF output, which in turn causes an SNR decrease and adjacent channel interference (ACI). Two novel receiver techniques are proposed to mitigate the issues of redundant sub‐band suppression and ACI avoidance. Numerical analysis results verify the performance improvement from the proposed receiver techniques.     

Evaluation of Geometric Modeling for KOMPSAT‐1 EOC Imagery Using Ephemeris Data

Using stereo images with ephemeris data from the Korea Multi‐Purpose Satellite‐1 electro‐optical camera (KOMPSAT‐1 EOC), we performed geometric modeling for three‐dimensional (3‐D) positioning and evaluated its accuracy. In the geometric modeling procedures, we used ephemeris data included in the image header file to calculate the orbital parameters, sensor attitudes, and satellite position. An inconsistency between the time information of the ephemeris data and that of the center of the image frame was found, which caused a significant offset in satellite position. This time inconsistency was successfully adjusted. We modeled the actual satellite positions of the left and right images using only two ground control points and then achieved 3‐D positioning using the KOMPSAT‐1 EOC stereo images. The results show that the positioning accuracy was about 12‐17 m root mean square error (RMSE) when 6.6 m resolution EOC stereo images were used along with the ephemeris data and only two ground control points (GCPs). If more accurate ephemeris data are provided in the near future, then a more accurate 3‐D positioning will also be realized using only the EOC stereo images with ephemeris data and without the need for any GCPs.