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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
981.
W. Chen S. -H. Wang R. Chu F. King T. R. Jack R. R. Fessler 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(11):2601-2608
A study was carried out to understand the effect of precyclic loading on stress-corrosion-crack initiation in an X-65 pipeline
steel exposed to a near-neutral-pH soil environment. The test specimens were precyclically loaded before corrosion exposure
to represent a service history of up to about 20 years, depending on the severity of pressure fluctuation. Microcracks had
initiated on the polished surface of the X-65 pipeline steel after long-time exposure at open-circuit potential (OCP) in a
near-neutral-pH synthetic soil solution. These microcracks were mostly initiated from pits at metallurgical discontinuities
such as grain boundaries, pearlitic colonies, and banded phases in the steel. Strong preferential dissolution was observed
along planes of the banded structures in the steel. The selective corrosion attack at these metallurgical discontinuities
is attributed to the galvanic nature of those areas to their neighbors. Cyclic loading prior to corrosion exposure had significant
effects on microcrack initiation and propagation during subsequent corrosion exposure. Cyclic loading prior to corrosion exposure
either reduced or increased the probability of crack initiation and the rate of crack propagation, depending upon the magnitude
of the stress cycles. The largest reduction was seen at a peak cyclic stress of about 0.8 of the yield strength. This cyclic-loading-dependent
cracking behavior might be related to the alteration of the substructures and the residual stress in the steel as a result
of precyclic loading. 相似文献
982.
983.
A novel soft-switching full-bridge DC/DC converter: analysis,design considerations, and experimental results at 1.5 kW, 100 kHz 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The addition of an external commutating inductor and two clamp diodes to the phase-shifted PWM (pulsewidth modulated) full-bridge DC/DC converter substantially reduces the switching losses of the transistors and the rectifier diodes, under all loading conditions. The authors give analyses, practical design considerations, and experimental results for a 1.5 kW converter with 60 V, 25 A output, operating at 100 kHz clock frequency and 95% efficiency 相似文献
984.
R. Meyer Hilde Hardtdegen R. Carius D. Grützmacher M. Stollenwerk P. Balk A. Kux B. Meyer 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1992,21(3):293-298
This paper presents a study of the structural and optical properties of strained GaInAs/ InP multiple quantum well (MQW) structures
fabricated by LP-MOVPE. The composition of the Ga
x
In1−x
As films ranged fromx = 0.17 tox = 1.0 and was determined by sputtered neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) on thick layers. The structures of the MQW samples
with well widths from 1.5 to 5 nm were investigated by high resolution x-ray diffraction (HR-XRD). Simulations of the diffraction
patterns showed that transition layers of approximately 2 monolayer (ML) thickness with high lattice mismatch exist at the
interfaces. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate well widths of a multiple of a monolayer with local variations of
one monolayer. The PL peak energies vary smoothly with the Ga concentration. These results were confirmed by optical absorption
measurements. 相似文献
985.
S. R. Syrtsov V. N. Shut D. A. Il'yushchenko E. L. Gavrilenko 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》2002,75(5):1229-1233
The influence of the parameters of posistor elements and the conditions of their heat exchange on the electrical and dynamic characteristics of a posistor block have been investigated. Good agreement between calculation results and experimental data has been established. 相似文献
986.
987.
The thermal expansion of a titanium modified, swelling resistant austenitic stainless steel designated as D9 is studied by measuring the lattice parameter as a function of temperature in the range 300-1300 K by high-temperature X-ray diffraction technique. The thermal expansion data thus obtained is in reasonable agreement with the typical thermal expansion values reported for similar nuclear grade austenitic stainless steels. However, at temperatures exceeding 900 K, the measured thermal expansivity exhibits a pronounced non-linear increase due partly to the precipitation of complex carbide and intermetallic phases. The high-temperature thermal expansion data obtained in the present study are augmented by modelling the low-temperature thermal expansion behaviour by Grüneisen formalism. 相似文献
988.
Bedload Transport in Alluvial Channels 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Miguel Bravo-Espinosa W. R. Osterkamp Vicente L. Lopes 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,129(10):783-795
Hydraulic, sediment, land-use, and rock-erosivity data of 22 alluvial streams were used to evaluate conditions of bedload transport and the performance of selected bedload-transport equations. Transport categories of transport-limited (TL), partially transport-limited (PTL), and supply-limited (SL) were identified by a semiquantitative approach that considers hydraulic constraints on sediment movement and the processes that control sediment availability at the basin scale. Equations by Parker et al. in 1982, Schoklitsch in 1962, and Meyer-Peter and Muller in 1948 adequately predicted sediment transport in channels with TL condition, whereas the equations of Bagnold in 1980, and Schoklitsch, in 1962, performed well for PTL and SL conditions. Overall, the equation of Schoklitsch predicted well the measured bedload data for eight of 22 streams, and the Bagnold equation predicted the measured data in seven streams. 相似文献
989.
990.
Adaptive median filters: new algorithms and results 总被引:39,自引:0,他引:39
Based on two types of image models corrupted by impulse noise, we propose two new algorithms for adaptive median filters. They have variable window size for removal of impulses while preserving sharpness. The first one, called the ranked-order based adaptive median filter (RAMF), is based on a test for the presence of impulses in the center pixel itself followed by a test for the presence of residual impulses in the median filter output. The second one, called the impulse size based adaptive median filter (SAMF), is based on the detection of the size of the impulse noise. It is shown that the RAMF is superior to the nonlinear mean L(p) filter in removing positive and negative impulses while simultaneously preserving sharpness; the SAMF is superior to Lin's (1988) adaptive scheme because it is simpler with better performance in removing the high density impulsive noise as well as nonimpulsive noise and in preserving the fine details. Simulations on standard images confirm that these algorithms are superior to standard median filters. 相似文献