全文获取类型
收费全文 | 278165篇 |
免费 | 3044篇 |
国内免费 | 1304篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 4811篇 |
综合类 | 522篇 |
化学工业 | 40252篇 |
金属工艺 | 11123篇 |
机械仪表 | 8415篇 |
建筑科学 | 6399篇 |
矿业工程 | 1576篇 |
能源动力 | 6968篇 |
轻工业 | 22456篇 |
水利工程 | 3035篇 |
石油天然气 | 5782篇 |
武器工业 | 43篇 |
无线电 | 33495篇 |
一般工业技术 | 56442篇 |
冶金工业 | 50874篇 |
原子能技术 | 7497篇 |
自动化技术 | 22823篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2154篇 |
2019年 | 2060篇 |
2018年 | 3577篇 |
2017年 | 3669篇 |
2016年 | 3899篇 |
2015年 | 2485篇 |
2014年 | 4345篇 |
2013年 | 11956篇 |
2012年 | 7062篇 |
2011年 | 9699篇 |
2010年 | 7530篇 |
2009年 | 8744篇 |
2008年 | 9090篇 |
2007年 | 9130篇 |
2006年 | 7802篇 |
2005年 | 7247篇 |
2004年 | 7198篇 |
2003年 | 6972篇 |
2002年 | 6713篇 |
2001年 | 6845篇 |
2000年 | 6477篇 |
1999年 | 6763篇 |
1998年 | 16297篇 |
1997年 | 11580篇 |
1996年 | 8917篇 |
1995年 | 6845篇 |
1994年 | 6013篇 |
1993年 | 6052篇 |
1992年 | 4396篇 |
1991年 | 4181篇 |
1990年 | 4073篇 |
1989年 | 4058篇 |
1988年 | 3752篇 |
1987年 | 3387篇 |
1986年 | 3392篇 |
1985年 | 3739篇 |
1984年 | 3460篇 |
1983年 | 3217篇 |
1982年 | 3024篇 |
1981年 | 3038篇 |
1980年 | 3031篇 |
1979年 | 2829篇 |
1978年 | 2869篇 |
1977年 | 3141篇 |
1976年 | 4097篇 |
1975年 | 2416篇 |
1974年 | 2379篇 |
1973年 | 2396篇 |
1972年 | 2018篇 |
1971年 | 1781篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Common sense sometimes predicts events to be likely or unlikely rather than merely possible. We extend methods of qualitative reasoning to predict the relative likelihoods of possible qualitative behaviors by viewing the dynamics of a system as a Markov chain over its transition graph. This involves adding qualitative or quantitative estimates of transition probabilities to each of the transitions and applying the standard theory of Markov chains to distinguish persistent states from transient states and to calculate recurrence times, settling times, and probabilities for ending up in each state. Much of the analysis depends solely on qualitative estimates of transition probabilities, which follow directly from theoretical considerations and which lead to qualitative predictions about entire classes of systems. Quantitative estimates for specific systems are derived empirically and lead to qualitative and quantitative conclusions, most of which are insensitive to small perturbations in the estimated transition probabilities. The algorithms are straightforward and efficient. 相似文献
102.
103.
104.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the Public Health Information Network to advance fully capable, interoperable information systems in public health organizations. PHIN prioritizes public health information systems' functional requirements, capabilities, performance measures, and operational characteristics while letting the architects of those systems choose enabling approaches, methods, and concepts to meet the requirements. PHIN also provides a certification process for public health administrators to evaluate their information infrastructure's quality. The certification process is important because affected organizations often depend on certification for continued funding. 相似文献
105.
A study of the trace elements emission (As, Se, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, Hg, Tl, Pb, Ni, Sn, Sb, V, Mn and Fe) from pulverized coal combustion has been made at six heating and power stations situated in the Czech Republic. The amount of chlorine in coal has considerable influence on volatilization of some elements such as Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg and Tl, which is explained by the formation of thermodynamically stable compounds of these elements with chlorine. Generally, the affinities for Cl follows the order Tl > Cu > Zn > Pb > Co > Mn > Sn > Hg. The experimental data indicates enrichment of some of the trace toxic elements in the emissions (Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg and Pb) and good agreement was obtained by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations with a few exceptions. In the case of Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Sn calculated values are overestimated in the bottom ash and there are zero predicted amounts of these elements in the fly ash. In comparison, the results from experiments show up to 80% of these elements retained in fly ash. This implies that there exist additional steps leading to the enrichment by Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Sn of small particles. Such mechanisms could include the ejection during devolatilization of small inorganic particles from the coal of bottom ash particles, or disintegration of the char containing these metals to small particles of fly ash. On the other hand, there are slightly overestimated or similar values of relative enrichment factors for As, V, Cu, Cd, Sb, Tl and Pb in the fly ashes and zero predicted values for bottom ashes. Our experimental results show about 5% or less of these elements are retained in bottom ashes, so they probably remain in the bottom ash inside unburned parts of coal. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
106.
We propose a new design method of asymptotic observers for a class of nonlinear mechanical systems: Lagrangian systems with configuration (position) measurements. Our main contribution is to introduce a state (position and velocity) observer that is invariant under any changes of the configuration coordinates. The observer dynamics equations, as the Euler-Lagrange equations, are intrinsic. The design method uses the Riemannian structure defined by the kinetic energy on the configuration manifold. The local convergence is proved by showing that the Jacobian of the observer dynamics is negative definite (contraction) for a particular metric defined on the state-space, a metric derived from the kinetic energy and the observer gains. From a practical point of view, such intrinsic observers can be approximated, when the estimated configuration is close to the true one, by an explicit set of differential equations involving the Riemannian curvature tensor. These equations can be automatically generated via symbolic differentiations of the metric and potential up to order two. Numerical simulations for the ball and beam system, an example where the scalar curvature is always negative, show the effectiveness of such approximation when the measured positions are noisy or include high frequency neglected dynamics. 相似文献
107.
Abstract The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the influence of two individual characteristics (Web experience and academic focus) of adolescents on the Web perception, using off-line questionnaires (a Lickert response scale) constituted on the basis of a series of interviews. Questions concerned: perceptions about the nature of information found in the Web; 'strategies' of access to the interesting Internet sites and the reliability of different information resources (libraries, television, Web, etc.). Results lead to the assumption that adolescents with high Web experience became more critical, less confident and less enthusiastic than adolescents with low Web experience and that, in some dimensions, perceptions of literature students are different to those of science students. Even if some interesting results were obtained, further research is needed to explore users' perceptions related to individuals' characteristics and to determine the generalisability of the influences identified in this exploratory study. 相似文献
108.
The testing and quality assurance of the Motif 1.0 graphical user-interface software are described. The testing goals, which fell into three general categories (code coverage, defect-density, and defect-arrival rate), and a deliverable formal test suite are examined. The three phases of the testing process-evaluation, test development, and regression testing-and the tools used in testing are discussed 相似文献
110.
P. Gallone 《Electrochimica acta》1986,31(12):1485-1490
On 30 October 1786 Luigi Galvani gave the first account, at the Academy of Sciences of Bologna, about his experiments on animal electricity, of which he thought to have obtained evidence from the convulsions shown by a dissected frog, as soon as its hind-limbs were connected with the spinal cord by means of a metallic conductor. The publication of these experiments gave rise to Galvani's controversy with Volta, who denied the existence of animal electricity after discovering that there exists a potential difference between any couple of dissimilar conductors. This was a preliminary step that led Volta to the invention of the voltaic pile. Evidence of animal electricity was given about 1840 by Carlo Matteucci, using the astatic galvanometer invented by Leopoldo Nobili. This fundamental property of living organisms is now a well-advanced field of investigation by electrophysiology and bioelectrochemistry. 相似文献