全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1341篇 |
免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 69篇 |
金属工艺 | 1篇 |
机械仪表 | 12篇 |
建筑科学 | 19篇 |
矿业工程 | 1篇 |
能源动力 | 5篇 |
轻工业 | 43篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 80篇 |
一般工业技术 | 73篇 |
冶金工业 | 966篇 |
原子能技术 | 7篇 |
自动化技术 | 77篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 16篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 17篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 273篇 |
1997年 | 153篇 |
1996年 | 111篇 |
1995年 | 60篇 |
1994年 | 67篇 |
1993年 | 67篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 68篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1361条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
21.
We have analyzed X-chromosome inactivation patterns in lymphocytes of 264 females from 38 families not known to have any genetic disease. Quantitative measures of X-inactivation showed strong sister-sister correlation in the degree of departure from equal numbers of cells having each X chromosome active, suggesting heritability of this phenotype. Strong sister-sister correlation was also observed for the fraction of cells having the same parent's X chromosome active, consistent with the possibility that this trait might be controlled by a cis-acting, X-linked gene. We used a sib-pair approach to determine whether X-inactivation phenotype was linked to loci in any region of the X chromosome. Both quantitative and discrete measures of X-inactivation phenotype showed evidence of linkage to markers in the region of the X inactivation center (XIC). The quantitative measure of X-inactivation phenotype used in our study also showed linkage to loci at Xq25-q26. This study provides the first evidence for X-linked inheritance of X chromosome inactivation phenotype derived from linkage analysis in phenotypically normal human families. 相似文献
22.
23.
The life sciences have sprouted several popular and successful OMICS technologies that span all levels of biological information transfer. Ever since the start of the Human Genome Project, the then revolutionary idea to make all resulting data publicly available has been central to all of the efforts across OMICS technologies. As a result, a great variety of publicly available data repositories and resources is currently available to the research community. This widespread availability of data does come at the price of increased confusion on the part of the users, especially for those that see the OMICS technologies as tools to help unravel a larger biological or clinical question. We therefore provide a comprehensive overview of the available resources across OMICS fields, with a special emphasis on those databases that are relevant to the study of proteins. Additionally, we also describe various integrative systems that have been established, and highlight new developments in the field that can revolutionize the way in which live data integration is achieved over the internet. 相似文献
24.
SM Wang J Zwaan PB Mullaney MH Jabak A Al-Awad AH Beggs EC Engle 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,63(2):517-525
The extraocular fibrosis syndromes are congenital ocular-motility disorders that arise from dysfunction of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves and/or the muscles that they innervate. Each is marked by a specific form of restrictive paralytic ophthalmoplegia with or without ptosis. Individuals with the classic form of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM1) are born with bilateral ptosis and a restrictive infraductive external ophthalmoplegia. We previously demonstrated that CFEOM1 is caused by an autosomal dominant locus on chromosome 12 and results from a developmental absence of the superior division of the oculomotor nerve. We now have mapped a variant of CFEOM, exotropic strabismus fixus ("CFEOM2"). Affected individuals are born with bilateral ptosis and restrictive ophthalmoplegia with the globes "frozen" in extreme abduction. This autosomal recessive disorder is present in members of three consanguineous Saudi Arabian families. Genetic analysis of 70 individuals (20 affected individuals) reveals linkage to markers on chromosome 11q13, with a combined LOD score of 12.3 at the single nonrecombinant marker, D11S1314. The 2.5-cM CFEOM2 critical region is flanked by D11S4196/D11S4162 and D11S4184/1369. Two of the three families share a common disease-associated haplotype, suggesting a founder effect for CFEOM2. We hypothesize that CFEOM2 results from an analogous developmental defect to CFEOM1, one that affects both the superior and inferior divisions of the oculomotor nerve and their corresponding alpha motoneurons and extraocular muscles. 相似文献
25.
Crystal structure at 2.4 angstroms resolution of the complex of transducin betagamma and its regulator, phosducin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The crystal structure of transducin's betagamma subunits complexed with phosducin, which regulates Gtbetagamma activity, has been solved to 2.4 angstroms resolution. Phosducin has two domains that wrap around Gtbetagamma to form an extensive interface. The N-terminal domain binds loops on the "top" Gtbeta surface, overlapping the Gtalpha binding surface, explaining how phosducin blocks Gtbetagamma's interaction with Gtalpha. The C-terminal domain shows structural homology to thioredoxin and binds the outer strands of Gtbeta's seventh and first blades in a manner likely to disrupt Gtbetagamma's normal orientation relative to the membrane and receptor. Phosducin's Ser-73, which when phosphorylated inhibits phosducin's function, points away from Gtbetagamma, toward a large flexible loop. Thus phosphorylation is not likely to affect the interface directly, but rather indirectly through an induced conformational change. 相似文献
26.
PB Sehgal 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,213(3):238-247
Investigators have traditionally thought of the class of inflammation- and injury-associated cytokines in large part as "free" entities in the peripheral circulation. In the case of interleukin-6 (IL-6), the cytokine can be found in blood in complexes of molecular mass 400-500, 150-200, and 25-35 kDa in association with binding proteins that can include soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), anti-IL-6, and anti-sIL-6R IgG, and others. Sustained high levels of different particular IL-6 complexes are observed in the human circulation in cancer patients subjected to particular active anticancer immunotherapy regimens. In the "chaperoned" state, circulating IL-6 complexes display differential immunoreactivity in different ELISAs and possess differential biological activity as assayed ex vivo. The discovery of "chaperoned" circulating IL-6 in humans points to a new level of modulation of cytokine function, that of regulated bioavailability of IL-6 in vivo. 相似文献
27.
Anne Martens Heiko Koziolek Lutz Prechelt Ralf Reussner 《Empirical Software Engineering》2011,16(5):587-622
Model-based performance evaluation methods for software architectures can help architects to assess design alternatives and save costs for late life-cycle performance fixes. A recent trend is component-based performance modelling, which aims at creating reusable performance models; a number of such methods have been proposed during the last decade. Their accuracy and the needed effort for modelling are heavily influenced by human factors, which are so far hardly understood empirically. Do component-based methods allow to make performance predictions with a comparable accuracy while saving effort in a reuse scenario? We examined three monolithic methods (SPE, umlPSI, Capacity Planning (CP)) and one component-based performance evaluation method (PCM) with regard to their accuracy and effort from the viewpoint of method users. We conducted a series of three experiments (with different levels of control) involving 47 computer science students. In the first experiment, we compared the applicability of the monolithic methods in order to choose one of them for comparison. In the second experiment, we compared the accuracy and effort of this monolithic and the component-based method for the model creation case. In the third, we studied the effort reduction from reusing component-based models. Data were collected based on the resulting artefacts, questionnaires and screen recording. They were analysed using hypothesis testing, linear models, and analysis of variance. For the monolithic methods, we found that using SPE and CP resulted in accurate predictions, while umlPSI produced over-estimates. Comparing the component-based method PCM with SPE, we found that creating reusable models using PCM takes more (but not drastically more) time than using SPE and that participants can create accurate models with both techniques. Finally, we found that reusing PCM models can save time, because effort to reuse can be explained by a model that is independent of the inner complexity of a component. The tasks performed in our experiments reflect only a subset of the actual activities when applying model-based performance evaluation methods in a software development process. Our results indicate that sufficient prediction accuracy can be achieved with both monolithic and component-based methods, and that the higher effort for component-based performance modelling will indeed pay off when the component models incorporate and hide a sufficient amount of complexity. 相似文献
28.
Nieuwenhuizen Karin Liu Lei Liere Robert van Martens Jean-Bernard 《Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE》2009,29(6):44-53
Existing measures for evaluating user performance on interaction tasks in virtual environments don't often provide sufficient information for improving these interactions. A new method for analyzing 3D goal-directed movements divides them into meaningful phases. The authors applied this method to experimental data collected for a 3D task resembling a standardized 2D multidirectional pointing task (ISO 9241-9). The results and analysis demonstrate that the method provides a more detailed insight into 3D goal-directed movements. This analysis can help researchers better identify input devices' and interaction techniques' strengths and weaknesses. This article is part of a special issue on 3D user interfaces. 相似文献
29.
David Martens Jan Vanthienen Wouter Verbeke Bart BaesensAuthor vitae 《Decision Support Systems》2011,51(4):782-793
This paper proposes a complete framework to assess the overall performance of classification models from a user perspective in terms of accuracy, comprehensibility, and justifiability. A review is provided of accuracy and comprehensibility measures, and a novel metric is introduced that allows one to measure the justifiability of classification models. Furthermore, taxonomy of domain constraints is introduced, and an overview of the existing approaches to impose constraints and include domain knowledge in data mining techniques is presented. Finally, justifiability metric is applied to a credit scoring and customer churn prediction case. 相似文献
30.
Enric Junqué de Fortuny Tom De Smedt David Martens Walter Daelemans 《Expert systems with applications》2012,39(14):11616-11622
At the year end of 2011 Belgium formed a government, after a world record breaking period of 541 days of negotiations. We have gathered and analysed 68,000 related on-line news articles published in 2011 in Flemish newspapers. These articles were analysed by a custom-built expert system. The results of our text mining analyses show interesting differences in media coverage and votes for several political parties and politicians. With opinion mining, we are able to automatically detect the sentiment of each article, thereby allowing to visualise how the tone of reporting evolved throughout the year, on a party, politician and newspaper level. Our suggested framework introduces a generic text mining approach to analyse media coverage on political issues, including a set of methodological guidelines, evaluation metrics, as well as open source opinion mining tools. Since all analyses are based on automated text mining algorithms, an objective overview of the manner of reporting is provided. The analysis shows peaks of positive and negative sentiments during key moments in the negotiation process. 相似文献