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BACKGROUND: Topical antimicrobials have been considered for treatment of secondarily infected wounds because of the potential for reduced risk of adverse effects and greater patient convenience. We compared mupirocin cream with oral cephalexin in the treatment of wounds such as small lacerations, abrasions, or sutured wounds. METHODS: In 2 identical randomized double-blind studies, 706 patients with secondarily infected wounds (small lacerations, abrasions, or sutured wounds) received either mupirocin cream topically 3 times daily or cephalexin orally 4 times daily for 10 days. RESULTS: Clinical success at follow-up was equivalent in the two groups: 95.1% and 95.3% in the mupirocin cream and the cephalexin groups, respectively (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.0% to 3.6%; P = .89). The intention-to-treat success rate was 83% in both groups. Bacteriologic success at follow-up was also comparable: 96.9% in the mupirocin cream and 98.9% in the cephalexin groups (95% CI, -6.0% to 2.0%; P = .22). The occurrence of adverse experiences related to study treatment was similar for the 2 groups, with fewer patients in the mupirocin cream group reporting diarrhea (1.1% vs 2.3% for cephalexin). CONCLUSIONS: Mupirocin cream applied topically 3 times daily is as effective as oral cephalexin given 4 times daily for the treatment of secondarily infected wounds and was well tolerated. 相似文献
63.
PD Barnes G Diebold G Franklin B Quinn R Schumacher J Seydoux V Zeps P Birien W Dutty H Fischer J Franz E R?ssle H Schledermann H Schmitt R Todenhagen W Breunlich N N?gele R Br?ders Rv Frankenberg K Kilian W Oelert K R?hrich K Sachs T Sefzick G Sehl M Ziolkowski RA Eisenstein D Hertzog R Tayloe H Dennert W Eyrich R Geyer J Hauffe A Hofmann M Kirsch RA Kraft F Stinzing N Hamann T Johansson S Ohlsson 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,54(4):1877-1886
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The effect of an enriched inspired oxygen concentration on perceived exertion (RPE) was investigated while running at two submaximal treadmill loads. Twelve males (VO2 max = 49.3 ml/kg-min) worked at 50% and 80% VO2 max, breathing either air or 80% O2-20% N2 in random order using a single blind technique. Subjects were evaluated while running for 10 min and during a 20 min recovery. Heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), respiration rate (RR), tidal volume (VT) and RPE were measured before, during and after work. Blood lactate was measured 1 min after work. Oxygen concentration did not statistically affect HR, VE, RR or VT during exercise or recovery. At both loads, RPE at the end of exercise was significantly reduced breathing the hyperoxic mixture. At 50% VO2 max, mean RPE decreased from 11.2 breathing room air to 9.6 breathing 80% O2 and, 80% VO2 max, from 13.8 to 11.7 (P less than 0.01). Blood lactates were significantly reduced breathing 80% O2; from 23.4 mg to 13.3 at 50% VO2 max and from 55.5 to 36.5 at 80% VO2 max (P less than 0.01). The RPE correlated with lactate (r=0.64) at the end of work. Results indicate that during moderate and heavy work RPE is significantly affected by the inspired O2 concentration and there is a significant relationship between RPE and blood lactate. 相似文献
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Three elderly patients have recently been admitted as emergencies to the Infection Unit of the Aberdeen Hospitals as presumed cases of infective gastro-enteritis. Investigation revealed the presence of a villous papilloma of the rectum in each case. 相似文献
68.
Effects of hypoxia on arterial tone, efflux of potassium, and efflux of norepinephrine were monitored for isolated canine coronary arteries labeled with radioactive potassium (42K) and norepinephrine (3HNE). Hypoxia elicited transient relaxation and subsequent sustained contraction accompanied by marked increases in the effluxes of 42K and 3HNE. After sympathetic nerve injury with 6-hydroxydopamine or cold storage, arteries responded to hypoxia with sustained relaxation. Sustained relaxation occurred also after pretreatment with L-propranolol, but not with D-propranolol or phentolamine. Inhibition of hypoxic contraction by L-propranolol did not alter 42K or 3HNE efflux. Colchicine, an inhibitor of the exocytosis of NE, suppressed hypoxic 3HNE efflux and contraction, but not 42K efflux. Proadifen inhibited 42K and 3HNE efflux as well as contraction. During proadifen-inhibited 42K efflux, exogenous K+ augmented overflow of 3HNE, indicating that proadifen relaxed the hypoxic artery primarily by inhibiting K+-dependent exocytosis of NE. The ratio of NE to dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity was similar in effluents from oxygenated arteries exposed to elevated K+ concentrations and in effluents from hypoxic arteries. Thus, hypoxia evoked exocytotic release of norepinephrine which promoted contraction by a beta-adrenergic mechanism. 相似文献
69.
JL Wright LM Lawson PD Pare BJ Wiggs S Kennedy JC Hogg 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1983,127(4):474-477
To investigate the effect of smoking status on pulmonary function and pathologic changes in the peripheral airways, we studied 97 patients who underwent thoracotomy for coin lesions. The patients were divided into 4 groups: nonsmokers (n = 9), current smokers (n = 51), and those who had ceased smoking for less than (n = 18) or more than (n = 19) 2 yr prior to surgery. We found that current smokers had evidence of air-flow obstruction with abnormal lung volumes when compared with nonsmokers. Ex-smokers had lung volumes similar to those of nonsmokers, but showed evidence of obstruction, with the FEV1/FVC between the values found for nonsmokers and current smokers. Examination of the small airways showed that the membranous bronchioles of current smokers and ex-smokers displayed only increased goblet cell metaplasia when compared with those in nonsmokers; the respiratory bronchioles of current and ex-smokers showed increases in intraluminal and airway wall inflammatory cells, wall fibrosis, and pigment deposition. We conclude that patients who currently smoke cigarettes have reduced lung function that is associated with abnormalities of airway structure. Although those who have stopped smoking have function that is closer to the nonsmoking group, there is no apparent difference in structural change between current and ex-smokers. 相似文献
70.
A. Schuh PD. Dr. med. habil. J. Bigoney W. Hönle G. Zeiler U. Holzwarth R. Forst 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2007,38(12):1003-1007
Titanium alloys ‐ type (α+β) ‐ like Ti6Al7Nb or Ti6Al4V are widely used in cementless total hip arthroplasty due to their lower modulus, biocompatibility and enhanced corrosion resistance in comparison to Stainless Steel or Cobalt‐Chromium implant materials. Several articles report about atrophy of the proximal femur in cases where long stems with a big diameter made of (α+β) Titanium alloys with a relatively high value of the Youngs’ Modulus (110 GPa) in comparison to the Youngs’ Modulus of cortical bone (15–25 GPa) have been implanted using a prosthesis design with distal anchorage technique. Meanwhile several implant manufacturers have developed a new group of biocompatible Beta‐Titanium alloys with a lower Youngs’ Modulus around 70 GPa. This article gives an overview of the current status of available low modulus Titanium alloys including their mechanical characteristics and future developments. 相似文献