Privacy By Design und die Neuen Schutzziele

„Privacy by Design“ versammelt sieben Grunds?tze, die einen modernen proaktiven Datenschutz mit weltweiter Perspektive versprechen. Die „Neuen Schutzziele“ beanspruchen die Operationalisierbarkeit eines modernen, proaktiven Datenschutzes anhand sechs elementarer Schutzziele, die systematisch aufeinander bezogen sind und universell gelten sollen. W?hrend Privacy by Design von den zehn auf Praxis zielenden Anforderungen der Global Privacy Standards erg?nzt wird, fügen sich die Neuen Schutzziele in die bew?hrte Methodik der Risikoanalysen und Schutzma?nahmen nach BSI ein. Beide Paradigmen setzen auf Privacy-Enhancing-Technologies. Die Autoren argumentieren für eine Zusammenführung der Ans?tze zu einem umfassenden Gesamtkonzept.     

Does tailoring on additional theoretical constructs enhance the efficacy of a print-based physical activity promotion intervention?

Objective: To enhance a previously efficacious individually tailored physical activity (PA) promotion intervention by adding theoretical constructs to the tailored feedback. Design: We randomly assigned 248 healthy, underactive (moderate to vigorous physical activity [MVPA] min/week enhanced print). Main Outcome Measure: The 7-day physical activity recall administered at baseline, Month 6, and Month 12, with outcomes operationalized as percentage achieving 150 min/week of MVPA. Results: When controlling for covariates, there was a nonsignificant trend in favor of the enhanced print condition reflecting 46% and 50% greater odds of achieving 150 min/week of MVPA at Month 6 and Month 12, respectively. Conclusion: Enhanced tailoring based on additional theoretical constructs may result in marginal improvements in physical activity outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Organic solar cells with an ultra thin organized hole transport layer

Discotic liquid crystals (LC) are promising materials to manufacture devices for organic photovoltaic conversion. These molecules possess a mesophase permitting the fabrication of columnar films having particularly desirable properties of charge transport and exciton diffusion along the axes of the columns. After the deposition of an organic layer on the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) substrate, a thermal annealing, up to the clarification temperature of the LC, is generally necessary to reach a uniform orientation of the columns. It generally leads to a pronounced droplet formation on the substrate if no surface treatment had been performed on the ITO prior to the film deposition. This paper deals with the study of how this partial dewetting can contribute to good solar cell performances with the formation of an ultra thin organized layer.     

Topology of the stable serpin-protease complexes revealed by an autoantibody that fails to react with the monomeric conformers of antithrombin

Solving the structure of the stable complex between a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) and its target has been a long standing goal. We describe herein the characterization of a monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes antithrombin in complex with either thrombin, factor Xa, or a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues P14 to P9 of the serpin's reactive center loop (RCL, ultimately cleaved between the P1 and P'1 residues). Accordingly, this antibody reacts with none of the monomeric conformers of antithrombin (native, latent, and RCL-cleaved) and does not recognize heparin-activated antithrombin or antithrombin bound to a non-catalytic mutant of thrombin (S195A, in which the serine of the charge stabilizing system has been swapped for alanine). The neoepitope encompasses the motif DAFHK, located in native antithrombin on strand 4 of beta-sheet A, which becomes strand 5 of beta-sheet A in the RCL-cleaved and latent conformers. The inferences on the structure of the antithrombin-protease stable complex are that either a major remodeling of antithrombin accompanies the final elaboration of the complex or that, within the complex, at the most residues P14 to P6 of the RCL are inserted into beta-sheet A. These conclusions limit drastically the possible locations of the defeated protease within the complex.     

A prospective, population-based study of the demographics, epidemiology, management, and outcome of out-of-hospital pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest

STUDY OBJECTIVEs: To perform a population-based study addressing the demography, epidemiology, management, and outcome of out-of-hospital pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest (PCPA). METHODS: Prospective, population-based study of all children (17 years of age or younger) in a large urban municipality who were treated by EMS personnel for apneic, pulseless conditions. Data were collected prospectively for 3(1/2) years using a comprehensive data collection tool and on-line computerized database. Each child received standard pediatric advanced cardiac life support. RESULTS: During the 3(1/2)-year period, 300 children presented with PCPA (annual incidence of 19. 7/100,000 at risk). Of these, 60% (n=181) were male (P =.0003), and 54% (n=161) were patients 12 months of age or younger (152,500 at risk). Compared with the population at risk (32% black patients, 36% Hispanic patients, 26% white patients), a disproportionate number of arrests occurred in black children (51.6% versus 26.6% in Hispanics, and 17% in white children; P <.0001). Over 60% of all cases (n=181) occurred in the home with family members present, and yet those family members initiated basic CPR in only 31 (17%) of such cases. Only 33 (11%) of the total 300 PCPA cases had a return of spontaneous circulation, and 5 of the 6 discharged survivors had significant neurologic sequelae. Only 1 factor, endotracheal intubation, was correlated positively with return of spontaneous circulation (P =.032). CONCLUSION: This population-based study underscores the need to investigate new therapeutic interventions for PCPA, as well as innovative strategies for improving the frequency of basic CPR for children.     

Studies on the Bit Rate Requirements for a HDTV Format With 1920 × 1080 pixel Resolution, Progressive Scanning at 50 Hz Frame Rate Targeting Large Flat Panel Displays

This paper considers the potential for an HDTV delivery format with 1920 times 1080 pixels progressive scanning and 50 frames per second in broadcast applications. The paper discusses the difficulties in characterizing the display to be assumed for reception. It elaborates on the required bit rate of the 1080p/50 format when critical content is coded in MPEG-4 H.264 AVC Part 10 and subjectively viewed on a large, flat panel display with 1920 times 1080 pixel resolution. The paper describes the initial subjective quality evaluations that have been made in these conditions. The results of these initial tests suggest that the required bit-rate for a 1080p/50 HDTV signal in emission could be kept equal or lower than that of 2nd generation HDTV formats, to achieve equal or better image quality