全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1437篇 |
免费 | 5篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 4篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 66篇 |
金属工艺 | 6篇 |
机械仪表 | 8篇 |
建筑科学 | 11篇 |
能源动力 | 8篇 |
轻工业 | 74篇 |
水利工程 | 3篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 20篇 |
一般工业技术 | 42篇 |
冶金工业 | 1148篇 |
原子能技术 | 4篇 |
自动化技术 | 48篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 305篇 |
1997年 | 195篇 |
1996年 | 134篇 |
1995年 | 73篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 71篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 31篇 |
1976年 | 72篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1444条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Mohammad H. S. Amin Neil G. Dickson Peter Smith 《Quantum Information Processing》2013,12(4):1819-1829
Most realistic solid state devices considered as qubits are not true two-state systems. If the energy separation of the upper energy levels from the lowest two levels is not large, then these upper states may affect the evolution of the ground state over time and therefore cannot be neglected. In this work, we study the effect of energy levels beyond the lowest two energy levels on adiabatic quantum optimization in a device with a double-well potential as the basic logical element. We show that the extra levels can be modeled by adding additional ancilla qubits coupled to the original logical qubits, and that the presence of upper levels has no effect on the final ground state. We also study the influence of upper energy levels on the minimum gap for a set of 8-qubit spin glass instances. 相似文献
32.
KP Dingemans MA van den Bergh Weerman RF Keep PK Das 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,57(3):433-439
We have previously reported that an invasive morphotype can be evoked in a rat colon carcinoma by transplanting it into pre-induced subcutaneous granulation tissue. We have now studied the interaction of the same tumor with liver tissue, which is extremely poor in connective tissue in comparison with the subcutaneous site. Tumor cells were injected into the portal system and the resulting experimental liver metastases were examined by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Early metastases consisted of well-differentiated acini, fully surrounded by connective tissue that was derived from the periportal stroma. In a later stage, this connective tissue was overgrown by tumor cells and, almost immediately, acinar differentiation was lost. Most metastases eventually reached the liver capsule, which reacted by forming a layer of granulation tissue. Only in this layer, we observed invasion by thin tumor cell strands, which were often intimately associated with fibroblasts or with blood capillaries. The tumor cells remained smooth and rounded during this process. After fully penetrating the granulation tissue, the tumor cell strands reached the liver surface, where they formed poorly structured papillary masses that were nearly devoid of stroma. Our observations indicate that, even in a relatively homogeneous organ like the liver, the tumor-host interaction is highly complex and dynamic. They also confirm the notion that granulation tissue stimulates tumor invasiveness. Finally, they show that tumor cells can actively invade host tissues without exhibiting a "fibroblastic" morphology. 相似文献
33.
34.
PK Aianot AG Aminev SV Bezborodova AV Shcherbakov SK Starov VV Drygin AA Gusev 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,51(2):20-24
The paper analyzes the standard legal and methodological assurance of the quality and safety of animal food raw materials and foodstuffs (meat, meat products, fish, shellfish, crayfish and their processing products) by the parasitic purity rates according the requirements under the Russian Federation's laws "On Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population", "On Protection of Consumer's Rights", "On Certification of Products and Services", those of SanPiN, such as 2.3.2.560-96 "Sanitary Requirements for the Quality and Safety of Food Raw Materials and Foodstuffs" and 3.2.569-96 "Prevention of Parasitic Diseases in the Russian Federation". 相似文献
35.
Haiyang Jia Minhong Wang Weijia Ran Stephen J.H. Yang Jian Liao Dickson K.W. Chiu 《Expert systems with applications》2011,38(4):3372-3382
E-learning is emerging as a popular learning approach utilized by many organizations. Despite the ever increasing practices of e-learning in the workplace, most e-learning applications fail to meet learners’ needs or serve organization’s quests for success. Significant gaps exist between organizational interests and individual needs when they come to e-learning, which make e-learning applications less goal-effective. To solve this problem, a performance-oriented approach is presented in this study. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are set up to clarify organizational training needs, and help learners establish rational learning objectives. In addition, ontology is used for constructing formal and machine-understandable conceptualization of the performance-oriented learning environment. Using this approach, a KPI-oriented learning ontology and prototype system have been developed and evaluated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. 相似文献
36.
Minhong Wang Huaiqing Wang Doug Vogel Kuldeep Kumar Dickson K.W. Chiu 《Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence》2009,22(7):1046-1055
Modern businesses are facing the challenge of effectively coordinating their supply chains from upstream to downstream services. It is a complex problem to search, schedule, and coordinate a set of services from a large number of service resources under various constraints and uncertainties. Existing approaches to this problem have relied on complete information regarding service requirements and resources, without adequately addressing the dynamics and uncertainties of the environments. The real-world situations are complicated as a result of ambiguity in the requirements of the services, the uncertainty of solutions from service providers, and the interdependencies among the services to be composed. This paper investigates the complexity of supply chain formation and proposes an agent-mediated coordination approach. Each agent works as a broker for each service type, dedicated to selecting solutions for each service as well as interacting with other agents in refining the decision making to achieve compatibility among the solutions. The coordination among agents concerns decision making at strategic, tactical, and operational level. At the strategic level, agents communicate and negotiate for supply chain formation; at the tactical level, argumentation is used by agents to communicate and understand the preferences and constraints of each other; at the operational level, different strategies are used for selecting the preferences. Based on this approach, a prototype has been implemented with simulated experiments highlighting the effectiveness of the approach. 相似文献
37.
A Mattila A Miettinen PK Heinonen K Teisala R Punnonen J Paavonen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,31(4):998-1000
A novel serological test, IPAzyme Chlamydia (Savyon Diagnostics Ltd., Beer Sheva, Israel), was compared with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the ability to detect serum immunoglobulin G and A antibodies in the diagnosis of acute chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease. In comparison with cell culture, which is the "gold standard," IPAzyme Chlamydia and EIA exhibited sensitivities of 63 and 68% and specificities of 76 and 87%, respectively. Thus, IPAzyme Chlamydia offers no advantages over the EIA, and neither serological test can be recommended for the diagnosis of acute Chlamydia trachomatis infection. So far, conventional cell culture remains the most reliable diagnostic test for chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease. 相似文献
38.
In addition to a submuscular and subepithelial nerve plexus an infra-epithelial nerve-net also occurs in Notoplana acticola. It contains naked nerve cells which lie between the bases of epithelial cells. Individual neurites occur separately or in small tracts. Synapses contain clear spherical vesicles and are polarized. Post-synaptic neurites tend to be flat and ribbon-like. Rhabdite and mucus secreting cells in the epithelium have synapses associated with them. Neurites ending on the rhabdites appear to originate in the subepithelial plexus. The "sensory-free nerve endings" of earlier workers are reinterpreted as being motor terminals on epithelial secretory cells. 相似文献
39.
40.
Dickson W. Takahashi S. Pollard R. Atkinson R. Zayats A.V. 《Nanotechnology, IEEE Transactions on》2005,4(2):229-237
High-resolution optical techniques for imaging magnetic domains in ferromagnetic materials such as confocal microscopy and scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) are reviewed. The imaging capabilities of different techniques and image formation are discussed in the case of in-plane as well as out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy in different illumination configurations. It is shown that the magnetooptical resolution of near-field measurements depends on the film thickness and is limited by the diffraction on magnetic domains throughout the film. For thin magnetic films, subwavelength resolution can be attained. In addition to well-known near-field magnetooptical effects (out-of plane magnetization sensitivity of linear near-field microscopy and in-plane magnetization sensitivity of nonlinear near-field measurements), linear SNOM imaging of in-plane magnetization in thin magnetic films as well as nonlinear imaging of out-of-plane domains has been demonstrated. Thus, linear and second-harmonic near-field imaging of both in-plane and out-of-plane oriented magnetic domains can be achieved in transparent and opaque specimens. This enables applications of SNOM for studies of all kinds of magnetic materials. High-resolution optical imaging is required for characterization of the micro-magnetic and magnetooptical properties of novel magnetic structures in order to adopt a bottom-up approach in the search for new materials with improved characteristics. 相似文献