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11.
Sanchez JC Carmena JM Lebedev MA Nicolelis MA Harris JG Principe JC 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2004,51(6):943-953
In the design of brain-machine interface (BMI) algorithms, the activity of hundreds of chronically recorded neurons is used to reconstruct a variety of kinematic variables. A significant problem introduced with the use of neural ensemble inputs for model building is the explosion in the number of free parameters. Large models not only affect model generalization but also put a computational burden on computing an optimal solution especially when the goal is to implement the BMI in low-power, portable hardware. In this paper, three methods are presented to quantitatively rate the importance of neurons in neural to motor mapping, using single neuron correlation analysis, sensitivity analysis through a vector linear model, and a model-independent cellular directional tuning analysis for comparisons purpose. Although, the rankings are not identical, up to sixty percent of the top 10 ranking cells were in common. This set can then be used to determine a reduced-order model whose performance is similar to that of the ensemble. It is further shown that by pruning the initial ensemble neural input with the ranked importance of cells, a reduced sets of cells (between 40 and 80, depending upon the methods) can be found that exceed the BMI performance levels of the full ensemble. 相似文献
12.
Iasemidis LD Shiau DS Chaovalitwongse W Sackellares JC Pardalos PM Principe JC Carney PR Prasad A Veeramani B Tsakalis K 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2003,50(5):616-627
Current epileptic seizure "prediction" algorithms are generally based on the knowledge of seizure occurring time and analyze the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings retrospectively. It is then obvious that, although these analyses provide evidence of brain activity changes prior to epileptic seizures, they cannot be applied to develop implantable devices for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In this paper, we describe an adaptive procedure to prospectively analyze continuous, long-term EEG recordings when only the occurring time of the first seizure is known. The algorithm is based on the convergence and divergence of short-term maximum Lyapunov exponents (STLmax) among critical electrode sites selected adaptively. A warning of an impending seizure is then issued. Global optimization techniques are applied for selecting the critical groups of electrode sites. The adaptive seizure prediction algorithm (ASPA) was tested in continuous 0.76 to 5.84 days intracranial EEG recordings from a group of five patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. A fixed parameter setting applied to all cases predicted 82% of seizures with a false prediction rate of 0.16/h. Seizure warnings occurred an average of 71.7 min before ictal onset. Similar results were produced by dividing the available EEG recordings into half training and testing portions. Optimizing the parameters for individual patients improved sensitivity (84% overall) and reduced false prediction rate (0.12/h overall). These results indicate that ASPA can be applied to implantable devices for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. 相似文献
13.
Sergio P. Ferro R. Javier Principe Marcela B. Goldschmit 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2001,32(6):1185-1193
Mathematical models for the evaluation of residence time distribution (RTD) curves on a large variety of vessels are presented.
These models have been constructed by combination of different tanks or volumes. In order to obtain a good representation
of RTD curves, a new volume (called convection diffusion volume) is introduced. The convection-diffusion volume allows the
approximation of different experimental or numerical RTD curves with very simple models. An algorithm has been developed to
calculate the parameters of the models for any given set of RTD curve experimental points. Validation of the models is carried
out by comparison with experimental RTD curves taken from the literature and with a numerical RTD curve obtained by three-dimensional
simulation of the flow inside a tundish. 相似文献
14.
Justin C Sanchez Deniz Erdogmus Miguel A L Nicolelis Johan Wessberg Jose C Principe 《IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering》2005,13(2):213-219
We propose the use of optimized brain-machine interface (BMI) models for interpreting the spatial and temporal neural activity generated in motor tasks. In this study, a nonlinear dynamical neural network is trained to predict the hand position of primates from neural recordings in a reaching task paradigm. We first develop a method to reveal the role attributed by the model to the sampled motor, premotor, and parietal cortices in generating hand movements. Next, using the trained model weights, we derive a temporal sensitivity measure to asses how the model utilized the sampled cortices and neurons in real-time during BMI testing. 相似文献
15.
Santamaria I. Erdogmus D. Principe J.C. 《Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on》2002,50(5):1184-1192
This paper investigates the application of error-entropy minimization algorithms to digital communications channel equalization. The pdf of the error between the training sequence and the output of the equalizer is estimated using the Parzen windowing method with a Gaussian kernel, and then, the Renyi's quadratic entropy is minimized using a gradient descent algorithm. By estimating Renyi's entropy over a short sliding window, an online training algorithm is also introduced. Moreover, for a linear equalizer, an orthogonality condition for the minimum entropy solution that leads to an alternative fixed-point iterative minimization method is derived. The performance of linear and nonlinear equalizers trained with entropy and mean square error (MSE) is compared. As expected, the results of training a linear equalizer are very similar for both criteria since, even if the input noise is non-Gaussian, the output filtered noise tends to be Gaussian. On the other hand, for nonlinear channels and using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) as the equalizer, differences between both criteria appear. Specifically, it is shown that the additional information used by the entropy criterion yields a faster convergence in comparison with the MSE 相似文献
16.
Deniz Erdogmus Robert Jenssen Yadunandana N. Rao Jose C. Principe 《Journal of Signal Processing Systems》2006,45(1-2):67-83
Multivariate density estimation is an important problem that is frequently encountered in statistical learning and signal processing. One of the most popular techniques is Parzen windowing, also referred to as kernel density estimation. Gaussianization is a procedure that allows one to estimate multivariate densities efficiently from the marginal densities of the individual random variables. In this paper, we present an optimal density estimation scheme that combines the desirable properties of Parzen windowing and Gaussianization, using minimum Kullback–Leibler divergence as the optimality criterion for selecting the kernel size in the Parzen windowing step. The utility of the estimate is illustrated in classifier design, independent components analysis, and Prices’ theorem. 相似文献
17.
We study the problem of linear approximation of a signal using the parametric gamma bases in L2 space. These bases have a time scale parameter, which has the effect of modifying the relative angle between the signal and the projection space, thereby yielding an extra degree of freedom in the approximation. Gamma bases have a simple analog implementation that is a cascade of identical lowpass filters. We derive the normal equation for the optimum value of the time scale parameter and decouple it from that of the basis weights. Using statistical signal processing tools, we further develop a numerical method for estimating the optimum time scale 相似文献
18.
Park S. Principe J.C. Smith J.R. Reid S.A. 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》1990,37(8):803-811
An interactive design and analysis tool for displaying and quantifying multiple channels of data is presented. The system allows one to easily visualize multiple data channels and simultaneously observe the effects of filters on the data and to evaluate signal detection algorithms. The software is designed for a workstation environment; it will find application in a variety of applications where one needs to simultaneously visualize multiple data channels. TDAT is being used for the design and evaluation of filters and detection algorithms for electroencephalogram (EEG) waveforms, and it is serving as a prototype of a paperless system to be used by electroencephalographers. This paper describes the general software structure of the system and illustrates many of the system features with examples. 相似文献
19.
Haoxian Zhang Muratö. Balaban José C. Principe Kenneth Portier 《Journal of food science》2005,70(4):E253-E258
ABSTRACT: A quantitative procedure was developed to predict the composition of ternary ground spice mixtures using an electronic nose. Basil, cinnamon, and garlic were mixed in different compositions and presented to an e-nose. Nineteen training mixtures were used to build predictive models. Model performance was tested using 5 other mixtures. Three neural network structures—multilayer perceptron (MLP), MLP using principal component analysis as a preprocessor (PCA-MLP), and the time-delay neural network (TDNN)—were used for predictive model building. All 3 neural network models predicted the testing mixtures' compositions with a mean square error (MSE) equal or less than 0.0051 (in a fraction domain where sum of fractions = 1). The TDNN provided the smallest MSE. 相似文献
20.
This paper presents a theoretical approach to understand the basic dynamics of a hierarchical and realistic computational model of the olfactory system proposed by W. J. Freeman. While the system's parameter space could be scanned to obtain the desired dynamical behavior, our approach exploits the hierarchical organization and focuses on understanding the simplest building block of this highly connected network. Based on bifurcation analysis, we obtain analytical solutions of how to control the qualitative behavior of a reduced KII set taking into consideration both the internal coupling coefficients and the external stimulus. This also provides useful insights for investigating higher level structures that are composed of the same basic structure. Experimental results are presented to verify our theoretical analysis. 相似文献