石油科技研究的未来发展方向

最近20年来，由于油价波动引发的公司重组、兼并和裁员，使得许多研究机构关闭，油公司对科研项目的支持也有所降低．长期研究项目的减少造成创新思维的不足，很多研究工作仅仪为了满足降低成本的需要而进行技术改进。在新的形     

热阻尼对液压马达—蓄能器系统动态响应的影响

<正> 液压蓄能器通常可用一个多变过程的气体弹簧模拟,但这不能准确地说明传热的耗散影响。在动态过程中热传递可引起阻尼和相位移。用热时间常数即可恰当地表示出蓄能器中所充气的气体与其壁面之间的热传递特性。在线性化的情况下,蓄能器相当于一个滞弹性模型,这样可推导出蓄能器的传递函数。当蓄能器与液压马达的入口连接,而马达的负载力随时间作很小的正弦变化时,可将其数学求解的方法表示出来。实验数据表明,可用热时间常数准确地模拟蓄能器,     

国际放射防护委员会的剂量系数的可靠性

在评价公众成员摄入放射性核素的辐射危害时，需估算每单位摄入量所致的剂量。摄入放射性素后器官或民受到的剂量是受到的剂量是通过生物学模型和剂量学模型来确定的，因此剂量也必须根据模型来确定。文中初步探讨了国际放射防护委员会给出的剂量系数的可靠性问题。文中首先说明了估算剂量系数的概念和方法，然后分析了剂量系数估算中，采用胃肠道模型，呼吸道模型，系统生物动力学模型和剂量学模型所遇到的不确定度的各种主要来源。     

纳米粉末硬质合金烧结机理研究

本文研究了三种组分相同的（８４（重量）％Ｗ、１５（重量）％Ｃｏ、（重量）％ＶＣ，但晶粒度（纳米、亚微米、微米）不同的ＷＣ－Ｃｏ粉末。三种粉末均采用两种方法在盯同条件下烧结：常规真空烧结法和膨胀仪烧结法。测定了常规烧结制品的各种机械与物理性能，膨胀仪烧结试样的烧结机理。通过分析研究了不同温度下的收缩速率，研究发现粉末的初始晶粒度影响致密化的起始烧结温度、致密化速率、最终硬度和断裂韧性。     

JETS,PLUMES AND BUOYANT JETS IN STATIC ENVIRONMENT

Turbulence represents an essential aspect in atmospheric and oceanic circulations.In particu-lar,it is a preponderant factor in the dispersion of pollutants of artificial or natural origin.Thevertical turbulent jets,plumes and buoyant jets discharging into static environment is one of themost important and basic flow patterns related with the environment pollution.These flows havenumerous important applications,for example,thrust augmentors,waste disposal plumes fromstacks and combustion systems,and significant problems of turbulent diffusion.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES AND NUMERICAL CALCULATION ON TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER OF WATER FLOW ALONG CURVED SURFACE

This paper will introduce experimental studies and numerical calculation onturbulent boundary layer of water flow along curved surface in our country in recent years.Onthe basis of the experimental studies,the effects of curvature and roughness on velocitydistribution and pressure distribution and the change of turbulent flow boundary layer onoverflow bucket concave surface is discussed.We proposed the empirical formula of velocity,pressure and the change of turbulent flow boundary layer on outlet bucket concave.According tothe momentum principle,we have deduced the momentum integral equation full water depthboundary layer and using the element as control unit inside the boundary layer on concavesurface of bucket.Combining with continuity equation,we have computed the boundary layerdevelopment on the bucket of a spillway.Compared with the field experimental data,thecalculation results are available.Under polar coordinates,a mathematical model for simulatingtime-averaged flow characteristics in concave surface of bucket is established.The turbulent flowfield on concave surface of bucket is calculated by SIMPLE method and this mathematicalmodel.The flow velocity field,pressure field,distribution of turbulent kinetic energy,distribution of turbulent energy dissipating rate and distribution of shear stress are available.Thecalculation value is consistent with measured test data.     

HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE ON SMOOTH HORIZONTAL CYLINDER IN UNIFORM OSCILLATORY FLOW

ＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣ　ＦＯＲＣＥ　ＯＮ　ＳＭＯＯＴＨ　ＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴＡＬ　ＣＹＬＩＮＤＥＲ　ＩＮ　ＵＮＩＦＯＲＭ　ＯＳＣＩＬＬＡＴＯＲＹ　ＦＬＯＷＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＦＯＲＣＥＯＮＳＭＯＯＴＨＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴＡＬＣＹＬＩＮＤＥＲＩＮＵＮＩＦ...     

Video and User′s Data Multiplexing in Desktop Video Conferencing Systems

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