Efficient very‐high‐gravity fermentation of sugarcane molasses by industrial yeast strains

In this study industrial strains were inoculated, in successive cycles, at high cell density into a sugarcane‐based juice containing normal (22%, w/v) and very high sucrose (30%, w/v) levels and supplemented with peptone as a nitrogen source. At 30 °C, in shaken cultures, in the normal gravity situation, efficient sucrose utilization occurred in both the supplemented and unsupplemented medium. At higher sugar concentrations, supplementation with peptone induced a more efficient fermentation compared with the unsupplemented medium, with higher biomass accumulation and maintenance of cell viability, and ethanol levels as high as 16% (v/v). Trehalose was also high during the cycles, probably as a necessary response of the yeast to the high stress fermentation conditions. This suggests that it is possible to increase ethanol production by using very‐high‐fermentation technology and that nutritional supplementation would have a positive effect on the fermentation, allowing for efficient sugar consumption and cell viability maintenance. Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

黄酮及维生素C的抗羟基自由基的比较研究

以大豆甙和芦丁作为黄酮化合物的代表，并与维生素C比较，研究其对羟基自由基的抑制能力，并以大豆、橙皮、柑皮和青椒提取物作羟基自由基清除剂，研究这些提取物对羟基自由基的清除作用。结果表明，大豆甙对羟基自由基的清除率最高，其次是芦丁，再次是维生素C；含黄酮化合物的提取物比含维生素C的提取物对羟基自由基的清除率大，其中以大豆撮以物最优。     

油脂生产废水的产生及控制

分析了油脂生产中废水产生的途径、废水的成分以及废水的排放量，探讨了控制和减少废水中污染物含量及废水排放量的措施，如对生产工艺的控制，对高浓度生产废水的预处理。对低浓度生产废水的循环使用，对处理达标后的废水再利用，提出油脂生产废水的零排放。     

The influence of feed supply time on the fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed on a diet enriched with n-3 fatty acids

The purpose of the study was to examine the fatty acid profiles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) submitted to different feeding times (0, 10, 20 and 30 days) on a diet enriched with n-3 fatty acids, by addition of flaxseed oil in substitution for sunflower oil. The main fatty acids detected were palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1n9), linoleic (C18:2n6) and -linolenic (C18:3n3) in all the treatments. The 30 day-fed fish presented the best values for total n-3 fatty acids, with a prominence of -linolenic acids, showing that the flaxseed oil as well as the feed supply time influenced the fatty acid profiles.     

Improvement of the Sensory Properties of Dry Fermented Sausages by the Superficial Inoculation and/or the Addition of Intracellular Extracts of Mucor racemosus

ABSTRACT: The effect of inoculation of the "salchichón" (dry fermented sausage) surface with an atoxigenic, proteolytic, and lipolytic strain of Mucor racemosus and/or the addition of a intracellular extract of the same mold on the ripening process was studied. Four batches of salchichón were manufactured: control, superficially inoculated, added with intracellular extract, and a combination of both treatments. Superficial mold modified the amino and free fatty acid contents, volatile compounds, and sensory properties. Intracellular extract degraded free amino acids, producing a rise in ammonia and volatile compounds. Both treatments combined improved significantly the sensory properties, which were given scores higher than control sausages at the end of ripening.