The relative efficacy of four methods of human milk expression

In view of the current trend toward increased breast-feeding, both of normal term infants as well as sick or premature infants, a successful means for milk expression in order to establish and maintain lactation is of major importance to the mother. The present study was designed to evaluate four methods of milk expression, measuring the amount as well s the fat content of milk expressed by each method during a 10-min period. The four methods included the Egnell electric pump, the Loyd B pump, the Evenflo system, and manual expression. The electric pump enabled mothers to express significantly more milk with adequate fat content during the expression period than any of the other methods tested. No significant differences were found between the other three methods. The Egnell or similar electric pump may be a preferred method for milk expression for some mothers, particularly those anticipating a prolonged need for pumping.     

Organizational systems for change offer an alternative to unions

Hospital management must begin to face the implications of unionization more directly. Certain current practices of most hospitals tend to increase vulnerability to unionization; they must be evaluated and modified. Strategies and programs for modernizing personel practices, for developing better employee information systems, and for training and developing managers need to be developed in order to effectively inhibit the intervention of labor unions.     

Supraventricular tachycardia with left bundle branch block in a premature infant

The addition of certain amounts of the zeolite mineral klinoptilolith to freshly obtained bird feces led to the retention of nitrogen--up to 14 per cent and more--as compared with feces without zeolite in storage. The addition of the mineral produced also a deodorizing effect in neutralizing the offensive smelling accompanying the putrefaction process.