Multivariate analysis of variance and confidence levels.

Describes how a 2?×?2?×?2 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) affects confidence levels of results. Discussion focuses on uses and limitations of statistical tools such as ANOVAs, as well as the appropriate times to use them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Student importance ratings as an indicator of the structure of actual and ideal sociopsychological climates.

Investigated whether instruments assessing the sociopsychological climate of high school classrooms are appropriate from the students' perspective. Using student importance ratings as an indicator, the structure of sociopsychological climates was assessed by the Classroom Environment Scale with 185 middle-class students in Grades 11 and 12 from 2 large metropolitan high schools. Results indicate that the student importance ratings of sociopsychological climate structures (both actual and ideal) validated a 3-dimensional structure derived from social and human environment perspectives. Results are discussed in terms of the 3 main factors—Relationship, Orderliness/Achievement Climate, and Control; the structure of actual and ideal sociopsychological climates; and implications for classroom research. (44 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Educational seduction: The effect of instructor expressiveness and lecture content on student ratings and achievement.

Previous "educational seduction" research (D. H. Naftulin et al, 1973; J. E. Ware and R. G. Williams, 1975, 1977; Williams and Ware, 1976, 1977) suggests that teacher differences in expressiveness controlled the degree to which lecture content affected student ratings differently from student achievement. The present experiment with 245 university students attempted to replicate statistically this Expressiveness?×?Content?×?Measures interaction in a factorial design which investigated 4 simulated classes. The interaction was found for the high-incentive/no-study-opportunity class and the high-incentive/study-opportunity class, which most resembles typical classes, but not for the low-incentive/study-opportunity class or the low-incentive/no-study-opportunity class, which most resembles educational seduction research. In only the high-incentive/no-study-opportunity class did probes of the interaction replicate education seduction research in which content affected ratings and achievement similarly only for low expressiveness. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Locus of control and attention during meditation.

20 undergraduates were assigned to an internal or external group on the basis of scores on Rotter's Internal–External Locus of Control Scale. A meditation task required Ss to focus their attention on an actual stimulus or an imagined stimulus while recording intruding thoughts by pressing a button on a counter. Results show that an internal locus of control was related to fewer intrusions than an external locus and that the actual stimulus resulted in fewer intrusions than did the imagined stimulus. Results suggest that performance in meditation, and possibly in other self-control procedures, may be influenced by individual differences in deployment of attention. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Paper chromatography of phospholipides on silicic acid impregnated glass fiber filter paper

Summary 1. A reasonably reproducible method has been developed for separating lysolecithin, lecithin,, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylethanolamine, using glass fiber filter paper impregnated with silicic acid as the chromatographic medium and 1:1 methanol:ethyl ether as the developing solvent. 2. Hot sulfuric acid was used to locate the chromatographed compounds on the chromatogram. The advantages and disadvantages of this reagent and the other spot test reagents used were discussed. 3. No separation between the unsaturated and saturated counterparts of lysolecithin or lecithin was obtained. Supported in part by a grant-in-aid from the National Science Foundation.     

Group and individual accuracy in person perception.

48 male undergraduates employed as judges (Js) participated in an individual and a group session to assess their accuracy in person perception. Using 2 programed cases, J selected from a multiple choice format what he believed to be true about a real person. Results indicated individual sessions to be more efficient and accurate than group sessions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Using principles of social learning in training for communication of empathy.

Examined the effects of modeling vs no modeling and modeling vs systematic training in brief empathy training. 90 university student hall advisers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: modeling/systematic training, systematic training only, and the resident hall adviser program. The modeled learning experience was presented in a 90-min videotape. Systematic training was provided in 5 2-hr training sessions. Significant modeling and significant training effects were demonstrated. Systematic training does not appear to represent a superior method of developing empathic response behavior when compared to the briefer modeled experience. While the level of communicated empathy was raised nearly 1 level following exposure to the modeled learning experience, it was still significantly lower than that communicated by the model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Fabrication and characteristics of MOS-FET's incorporating anodic aluminum oxide in the gate structure

Anodic aluminum oxide films have been grown by means of a simple process which is compatible with the existing planar silicon IC fabrication technology. Device structures have been fabricated and tested in order to demonstrate the usefulness of anodized layers of evaporated aluminum in a multiple layer metallization scheme. Results of anodization of thin aluminum layers on a silicon substrate indicate complete conversion of aluminum into aluminum oxide and in addition, formation of a thin underlying layer of silicon dioxide. For the anodic aluminum oxide a growth rate of 11·5 Å/volt at a current density of 0·5 mA/cm² has been found to produce quite satisfactory quality of insulting layers. Experimental results are presented illustrating the C?V and I?V characteristics of p-channel MOS-FET's with both the partially anodized stacked-gate structure and the over-anodized double-oxide layer gate structure.     

Synthesis of 6-fatty acid esters ofl-ascorbic acid

High yields (85%) of 6-fatty acid esters ofl-ascorbic acid were obtained by reactingl-ascorbic acid (1.2 M) in 98~99% sulfuric acid for 36 hr at 20 C with 36% excess fatty acid. In concentrated sulfuric acid,l-ascorbic acid was rapidly sulfated to produce mainlyl-ascorbyl 6-sulfate, which slowly reacted with fatty acid to producel-ascorbyl 6-acylate.