Frequency, quality, and impact of life events in self-rated depressed, behavioral-problem, and normal children.

Assessed 60 self-rated depressed, behavioral-problem, and normal 3rd–6th grade children closely matched for sex, age, and socioeconomic status (SES) for the number, quality, and impact of stressful life events in the past year. Results indicate that dysphoria-reporting Ss experienced more life events and a higher qualitative index of stress than the other 2 groups. The impact of each event, however, was not greater for the depressed Ss than for the other 2 groups. The self-rated depressed Ss appeared to experience more major family disruptions than the other 2 groups of Ss. (6 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Short communication: Genomic prediction using imputed whole-genome sequence variants in Brown Swiss Cattle

The accuracy of genomic prediction determines response to selection. It has been hypothesized that accuracy of genomic breeding values can be increased by a higher density of variants. We used imputed whole-genome sequence data and various single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selection criteria to estimate genomic breeding values in Brown Swiss cattle. The extreme scenarios were 50K SNP chip data and whole-genome sequence data with intermediate scenarios using linkage disequilibrium-pruned whole-genome sequence variants, only variants predicted to be missense, or the top 50K variants from genome-wide association studies. We estimated genomic breeding values for 3 traits (somatic cell score, nonreturn rate in heifers, and stature) and found differences in accuracy levels between traits. However, among different SNP sets, accuracy was very similar. In our analyses, sequence data led to a marginal increase in accuracy for 1 trait and was lower than 50K for the other traits. We concluded that the inclusion of imputed whole-genome sequence data does not lead to increased accuracy of genomic prediction with the methods.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate

Thirty-eight patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate treated between 1960 and 1975 were reviewed. Males in the seventh decade predominated. All symptomatic patients complained of sore throat and/or odynophagia. Seventy-eight percent were symptomatic less than three months. Approximately equal numbers of patients presented with T1, T2, and T3 tumors. Twenty-seven percent had cervical metastases when initially seen. The majority (89%) of patients were treated with radiation initially and the remainder (11%) received radiation therapy at the time of postsurgical recurrence with an absolute five year survival of 33%. Patients less than 60 years of age and those with small primary tumors and no neck metastases demonstrated better survival. Radiation therapy to the primary tumor and neck appears to be the preferred modality of initial treatment.     

Architectural Options for the Next-Generation Networking Paradigm: Is Optical Internet the Answer?

Recent advances in optical networking technologies are setting the foundation for the next-generation data-centric networking paradigm, an “Optical Internet”. This work addresses one of the most challenging issues facing today's service providers and data vendors; how will the SONET/SDH-based legacy infrastructure currently in place make a graceful transition to the next generation networking paradigm?

A simplified, two-tiered architecture that requires two types of sub-systems will set the stage for a truly optical internet: service delivery platforms that enforce service policies; and transport platforms that intelligently deliver the necessary bandwidth to these service platforms. If IP can be mapped directly onto the WDM layer, some of the unnecessary network layers can be eliminated, opening up new possibilities for the potential of collapsing today's vertically layered network architecture into a horizontal model where all network elements work as peers to dynamically establish optical paths through the network. This paper presents a balanced view of the vision of the next-generation optical internet

The work presented here builds on the IETF multi-protocol lambda switching (MPλS) initiative and addresses the implementation issues of the path selection component of the traffic-engineering problem in a hybrid IP-centric DWDM-based optical network. An overview of the methodologies and associated algorithms for dynamic lightpath computation is presented. Specifically, we show how the complex problem of real-time provisioning of optical channels can be simplified by using a simple dynamic constraint-based routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm that compute solutions to three sub-problems: (a) routing; (b) constrained-based shortest-route selection; (c) wavelength assignment.

We present two different schemes for dynamic provisioning of the optical channels. The two schemes use the same dynamic lightpath computation approach proposed here, except that the third component, that is the wavelength assignment algorithm and its implementation, is different for each of the two schemes.

     

A model for training psychologists to provide services for children and adolescents.

Background and rationale for a comprehensive model of training for psychologists to provide services to children and adolescents are outlined. Eleven integrated aspects of training are described with respect to training topics, justification for the training, and ways to implement the training. The model described address the need for guidance in training specialists in psychologically based mental health services for children, adolescents, and their families. Practitioners can use this model to assess their own backgrounds, knowledge, and skills in working with these populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A physical modeler's view of Computational Wind Engineering

A Panel Discussion was held at CWE2010 to promote a conversation on the topic of how Computational Wind Engineering (CWE) can become a commonplace tool in the various subdisciplines of wind engineering (structural loading, dispersion, sediment transport, ventilation and wind power) to complement, and eventually replace, physical modeling. Where may CWE be confidently used currently? What further development and validation, as opposed to calibration, of CWE is needed to result in its viable future? The authors have seen the slow merging of computational and physical modeling in recent years in hybrid practical applications. Physical modeling went through some decades of validation, focusing on full-scale pressures, loads and top-floor accelerations, to gain increased confidence in the small-scale modeling of buildings and structures in a boundary-layer wind tunnel. Such studies in the wind tunnel have their well-known and quantified discrepancies, but at least the practitioners know what is reasonably doable and what is not (some good examples may be found in Surry Ho and Kopp, 2003). Perhaps it is time for CWE to move down a similar path, using the experience of the physical modelers as a guide in its evolution. As with any advancement in technology, the economics and analytical rigor of CWE are what will determine its ultimate success.     

Modeling of Catalytic Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems: From Laboratory Reactor Data to Successful Prediction of Emissions From Vehicles

Complete driving cycle emissions from vehicles have been simulated, using the in-house code SiKat. Analysis of vehicle test results, with respect to test-to-test variations, reveals the emission levels due to various aftertreatment configurations. Careful layout of laboratory reactor experiments provides accurate data for tuning of the model, which is used to predict the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst and the NO _x -emissions as a function of aging during the useful life of the vehicle.