芳纶橡胶输送带的接头强度研究

针对芳纶橡胶输送带接头强度保持率低的问题,本研究以国内外芳纶橡胶输送带接头方案为基础,采用指型插接方案,系统性地探究了指型长径比、贴胶厚度、织物增强层结构等因素对接头强度的影响。实验证明接头强度随长径比的增大而升高;贴胶厚度在1mm时接头强度达到最大,此后接头强度随贴胶厚度的增加而降低;织物增强层沿经向放置的接头强度提高87%,接头强度保持率达到带体强度的60%。     

节能型活性染料的发展状况

综述了开发节能型活性染料的重要性.重点介绍了适用于冷轧堆染色、小浴比染色和涤/棉一浴法染色用活性染料以及高固色率活性染料的发展状况;通过提高染料的耐碱性、溶解度、染深性以及固着率等方面来达到节能减排的目的.     

CY-61100车床尾座铸造过程仿真优化研究

对CY-61100车床尾座铸件充型及凝固过程进行了数值模拟及优化研究。根据模拟的结果及铸造缺陷预测,改进及优化了尾座浇注系统,在工厂实际浇铸生产应用中取得了良好效果。并由此建立了铸造过程CAE仿真优化技术与传统铸造工艺设计有效结合的先进铸造工艺设计模式。     

提高储层预测精度技术思路与对策

采用地质、地震、测井人员协同一体化作业，对地下地质目标进行综合预测与评价，可提高储层预测精度，降低预测结果的多解性。主要方法是针对不同的区块，采用不同的方法和对策，首先从单井储层划分对比入手，建立储层沉积模式，同时对地震数据目的层段进行精细解释，建立地层构造模式，用沉积、构造等地质规律来指导和约束反演；利用测井资料对地震资料进行精细标定，建立各井的单井波阻抗模型，建立井数据和地震数据沟通的桥梁；在严格的测井约束、地质模型约束、层位控制下进行储层反演；充分利用地质、地震反演结果、地震参数提取及分析结果、测井、测试和分析化验等资料对储层预测结果进行综合分析与评价。该方法应用于长庆、大庆、准噶尔等实际区块，取得了较好的效果。     

Kinetic and morphological study of a magnesium ethoxide‐based Ziegler–Natta catalyst for propylene polymerization

BACKGROUND: Kinetic and morphological aspects of slurry propylene polymerization using a MgCl₂‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst synthesized from a Mg(OEt)₂ precursor are investigated in comparison with a ball‐milled Ziegler–Natta catalyst. RESULTS: The two types of catalyst show completely different polymerization profiles: mild activation and long‐standing activity with good replication of the catalyst particles for the Mg(OEt)₂‐based catalyst, and rapid activation and deactivation with severe fragmentation of the catalyst particles for the ball‐milled catalyst. The observed differences are discussed in relation to spatial distribution of TiCl₄ on the outermost part and inside of the catalyst particles. CONCLUSION: The Mg(OEt)₂‐based Ziegler–Natta catalyst is believed to show highly stable polymerization activity and good replication because of the uniform titanium distribution all over the catalyst particles. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Streaming potential of microporous membranes made from homogeneously functionalized polysulfone

Microporous membranes were prepared from chemically modified polysulfone. The substitution of the polysulfone was performed in solution using reactions known from polymer modification such as halomethylation, aminomethylation, and lithiation. Membranes can be prepared directly from halomethylated polysulfones which are consecutively converted heterogeneously in a second step to the final functionalized form. Sometimes, two-step reactions are necessary to yield the polymers from which the membranes were cast. In those cases where the reactions change the charge of the polymer, the success of the reaction can be demonstrated by streaming potential measurements. The advantage of this analytical method lies in the fact that the intact membrane is investigated.     

Heterogeneous functionalizing of polysulfone membranes

In recent years efforts have been increased to work with more intelligent membranes which render more than normal filtration properties. Thus, membranes have been prepared using chemically modified polymers or have been furnished with additives in order to increase their selectivity and/or special sorbing capabilities. In this paper, methods are described how commercially available polysulfone membranes can be functionalized by chemical reactions without disintegrating their mechanical properties. For this purpose, Sulfonation, chloromethylation, aminomethylation, and lithiation reactions were applied. A broad spectrum for further conversions modified membranes is opened by these chemical reactions which allow an individual fitting of the membranes with special substitutes. The chemical reactions and the analytical procedures are also described.     

北京妫水河湿地植物多样性调查与评价研究

为探究北方缺水地区湿地植物物种多样性变化,选取北京市延庆区妫水河为研究区,采用物种丰富度(R),Shannon-Wiener指数(H),Simpson指数(D)和Peilou均匀度指数(J)作为植物群落多样性指标,使用方差法和典型对应分析(CCA)对不同河段和区域间湿地植物物种分布与环境因子之间的响应关系进行研究。研究结果表明:研究区现有湿地植物93种,隶属于44科76属,优势科有菊科(Asteraceae)、禾本科(Poaceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae); 93种植物的Shannon-Wiener指数(H)小于3,Simpson指数(D)和Peilou均匀度指数(J)介于0. 5～0. 75之间,物种数量总体不多,但分布较均匀,处于中等水平;对湿地植物群落形成及生长影响较大的水质因子依次为全氮(TN)、p H和化学需氧量(COD)。     

Root growth and phosphorus and potassium uptake by two corn genotypes in the field

In a field study P and K uptake by two corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes which differed in root growth was investigated. The effect of differences in root growth on P and K uptake was assessed using a mechanistic-mathematical model which describes nutrient uptake by growing plant roots in soil. Nitrogen was applied at 0 and 227 kg ha^–1 to Pioneer 3732 and B73xMo17 corn grown on Raub silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) and at 227 kg N ha^–1 to these two genotypes on Chalmers silt loam (finesilty, mixed, mesic, Typic Haplaquoll). Root growth and P and K uptake by the two corn genotypes was measured 31, 47, 75 and 91 d after planting on the Raub and 31, 47, 61 and 75 d after planting on the Chalmers soil.Root growth and P and K uptake by B73xMo17 was greater than that of Pioneer 3732 on N-fertilized Raub soil. On Chalmers soil the difference in root growth between the two genotypes resulted in an increase in K but not P uptake. The higher soil P level of the Chalmers appears to have offset possible differences in P uptake due to root size. There were no differences between the two genotypes in either the percentage of roots with root hairs, or the density or length of root hairs. Phosphorus and K uptake calculated with the simulation models for both corn genotypes on both soils over each of three growth periods agreed with observed P (Y = 0.68X + 1.71; r = 0.944^**) and K (Y = 0.88X + 15.52; r = 0.928^**) uptake. Differences in P and K uptake between B73xMo17 and Pioneer 3732 resulted primarily from the difference in root growth in the topsoil. A high correlation was found between root surface area and P (r = 0.893^**) and K (r = 0.928^**) uptake by both corn genotypes on both the soils.Journal paper No. 10,316 Purdue Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., W. Lafayette, In 47906. Contribution from the Dep. of Agron. This paper was supported in part by a grant from the Tennessee Valley Authority.     

填埋场高密度聚乙烯膜缺陷渗漏试验及计算模型研究

因施工等原因造成土工膜渗漏十分常见,但渗漏量的计算是工程建设和运营面临的重大难题。本研究通过室内试验,测试了不同高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)膜厚度(w=0.5、1.0mm)、缺陷孔径(φ=3、5、10 mm)和膜上不同压力水头(h=0.3、0.5、0.65、0.8 m)时的缺陷渗漏量,并建立数学模型进行拟合。结果表明:相对于膜厚度而言,膜缺陷大小和压力水头高度对渗漏量的影响更大;渗漏量可表达为膜缺陷大小和水头高度的幂函数,但不同工况下的系数有别,因此实际工程应通过试验方式确定。