The effect of insulin on the function of the lysosomal apparatus of the neutrophilic leukocytes during the formation of a stress syndrome

In experiments on male rabbits with the lack of insulin it is been revealed violations after the past immobilization the intensivity and duration of neutrophilic leukocytosis decrease, contents of lysosomes in neutrophils, activity of acid phosphatase. By lysosomal ferments don't determine the can observer discordance of processes of coagulation, fibrinolysis, kininogenesis.     

Preparation of glycol derivatives of partially hydrogenated soybean oil fatty acids and their potential as lubricants

Glycol diesters and mixtures of mono- and diesters have been prepared from methyl esters of partially hydrogenated soybean oil fatty acids and diethylene, dipropylene, neopentyl and triethylene glycols. The catalyst used in these reactions was a mixture of calcium acetate/barium acetate (3∶1, w/w). The reactions were carried out under nitrogen with 0.5% catalyst at temperatures in the range of 190–275°C. Borated esters of mixed mono- and diesters were prepared with 0.33 equivalent of boric acid per 1.0 equivalent hydroxyl group on the ester. Refractive indices, viscosities, and flash and fire points were determined for diesters, mixed mono- and diesters, and mixed diesters and borated esters. The viscosities, flash points and fire points indicate that these esters can be used as a component of lubricating oils. Wear-prevention characteristics of mixed diesters and borated esters indicated that they can be used as antifriction additives in lubricating oils. Lecture presented at the joint meeting of the International Society for Fat Research and the American Oil Chemists' Society in Toronto, May 10, 1992.     

Behavioral and physiological responses of cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), to steam distillates from resistant versus susceptible soybean plants

Soybean plant volatiles, extracted as steam distillates, significantly affected the behavior and biology of the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Distillates from the susceptible Davis variety attractedT. ni larvae and female adults, whereas those from resistant PI 227687 plants repelled them. When mixed in an artificial diet, steam distillates from PI 227687 plants caused mortality of first-instar larvae. Adults emerging from pupae topically treated with 5 g of such PI 227687 extractable showed developmental abnormalities. Larval feeding was significantly less on Davis leaves treated with PI 227687 volatiles as compared to solvent (acetone) or such Davis extractables. However, Davis volatiles on PI 227687 leaves did not increase larval feeding. HPLC analyses of steam distillates from susceptible Davis versus resistant PI 227687 indicated differences.     

α-Tocopherol alteration of soybean antiherbivory toTrichoplusia ni larvae

The antioxidant vitamin E, -tocopherol, was tested as a candidate elicitor of alterable antiherbivory in soybean plants against cabbage looper larvae. Although a nonspecific antioxidant, vitamin E proved elicitory to the involved sulfhydryl-dependent receptor-energy transducer protein in soybean plasma membrane. Effects of -tocopherol were dependent on dosage, time, and space in the plant. The observed elicited effects were all decreases in herbivory. The best negative phytochemical correlate of looper feeding was the percentage of increased total HPLC peak area of extractables from elicited as compared to nonelicited leaves. Some specific compounds, e.g., glyceollins, were quantitatively major components of the total profile of secondary metabolites.     

Periplaneta americana perception of phytochemical naphthoquinones as allelochemicals

Electrochemistry of malePeriplaneta americana perception of naphthoquinones as allelochemicals is presented. Importance of the oxidation-reduction potential and hydrogen-bonding capabilities of the naphtho-quinone messenger to its exchange of energy with the information-encoding, redox protein of the chemosensory neuron is considered. Evidence that the required information is initially encoded by an electroreactive protein in dendritic membrane is analyzed. A sulfhydryl-disulfide protein-based electrochemical mechanism for the demonstrated linear conversion of a molecular messenger energy state into whole insect behavior (avoidance or feeding inhibition) is elucidated. Even though the information-encoding mechanism is genetically conserved (kept electrochemically similar) within the species, behavioral biotypical differences regarding sensitivity to naphthoquinones are allowed through a group of proteins in the outer aqueous medium in the chemosensory sensillum. Such proteins electrochemically interface the dendritic membrane of the chemosensory neuron in the sensillum with the environment external to the sensillum. These interfacing proteins bind (complex) with chemical messengers (e.g., naphthoquinones) and/or variously degrade them, and thus determine the amount (moles) that is required in the environment to result in stimulation of the underlying sensory neurons and in a changed behavior.     

The degradation in tensile strength of polymer-coated glass optical fibres under γ-irradiation

The tensile strength of glass optical fibres when coated with various polymers has been measured as a function of -ray dose. Fibres protected with acrylate, silicone + acrylate or polyimide coatings showed little degradation after receiving a total dose of 1 MGy (they retained >95% of their preirradiated strength). For a fibre with an extruded nylon overcoat the nylon became very brittle after 0.5 MGy, but as far as could be assessed, the strength of the central glass fibre was little affected. Two other types of fibre, both protected with fluorinated polymers, were severely weakened after 0.1 MGy (their tensile strength being reduced to < 40% of their pre-irradiated strength). Experimental results are given supporting the hypothesis that the degradation results from gaseous fluorine-containing species chemically attacking the surface of the glass fibre.     

The genome of Treponema pallidum: new light on the agent of syphilis

Covert brain activity related to task-free, spontaneous (i.e. unrequested), emotional evaluation of human face images was analysed in 27-channel averaged event-related potential (ERP) map series recorded from 18 healthy subjects while observing random sequences of face images without further instructions. After recording, subjects self-rated each face image on a scale from "liked" to "disliked". These ratings were used to dichotomize the face images into the affective evaluation categories of "liked" and "disliked" for each subject and the subjects into the affective attitudes of "philanthropists" and "misanthropists" (depending on their mean rating across images). Event-related map series were averaged for "liked" and "disliked" face images and for "philanthropists" and "misanthropists". The spatial configuration (landscape) of the electric field maps was assessed numerically by the electric gravity center, a conservative estimate of the mean location of all intracerebral, active, electric sources. Differences in electric gravity center location indicate activity of different neuronal populations. The electric gravity center locations of all event-related maps were averaged over the entire stimulus-on time (450 ms). The mean electric gravity center for disliked faces was located (significant across subjects) more to the right and somewhat more posterior than for liked faces. Similar differences were found between the mean electric gravity centers of misanthropists (more right and posterior) and philanthropists. Our neurophysiological findings are in line with neuropsychological findings, revealing visual emotional processing to depend on affective evaluation category and affective attitude, and extending the conclusions to a paradigm without directed task.     

Detection and preliminary characterization of matrix metalloproteinase activity in temporomandibular joint lavage fluid

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period 1986-1994, 2950 patients with cardiovascular diseases were surgically treated. In 2104 cases we placed biological or synthetic grafts to maintain vascular continuity. The most common has turned out to be abdominal aortic aneurysm. We treated 783 cases in emergency conditions. Staging and localization of infection has been the first aim in patients with synthetic vascular grafts. We studied signs and symptoms related to infections. In all cases we discovered the microorganism responsible of infection we started antibiotic therapy. RESULTS: Surgical infection incidence is 4.9% (154 cases). Series analysis has evidenced a decrease in infection incidence in the period 1986-1994. The most frequent infections are: the urinary tract infection (59 cases, 38.5%) followed by surgical wound infection (37 cases, 24.1%), respiratory tract infection (27 cases, 17.5%), vascular graft infection (23 cases, 14.4%). All patients underwent a preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with 2 degrees-3 degrees generation cephalosporines. We noted a higher graft infection incidence in patients treated with aortobifemoral reconstruction. We handled surgical infection following two main directions: 1-antibiotic therapy, 2-surgical treatment and antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: We noted surgical technique improvement and correct application of an antibiotic prophylaxis form has turned out to be the "gold standard" in order to reduce cardiovascular surgical infections. To reduce sepsis or graft infection we can work on either of the following: 1) antibiotic therapy; 2) operative time reduction; 3) try to limit vascular surgery in case of concomitant gastrointestinal surgical disease; 4) using alloplastic vascular grafts with high biological compliance; 5) patency time reduction of invasive diagnostic technique.     

Retardation of human drug-resistant HL-60 cell in G1 phase and induction of sensitive cell to apoptosis by cyclosporine A

To further study the relationship between resistance to apoptosis and drug resistance in harringtonine-resistant HL-60 cells (HR20), cyclosporine A (CsA) 20, 10 micrograms.ml-1 was shown to induce the sensitive HL-60 cells to apoptosis, showing a typical DNA "ladder" band. But the same concentrations of CsA retarded the HR20 cells in G1 phase and could not induce the cells to apoptosis. The cellular daunorubicin accumulation increased when HR20 cells were treated with low concentration of CsA and the reversal of drug resistance by CsA was unrelated to the retardation of cell cycle progression. High phosphorylation of about 50 kDa protein occured when HR20 cells were treated with CsA 10 micrograms.ml-1. The results domonstrate that cyclosporine A retarded the harringtonine-resistant HL-60 cells in G1 phase but induced HL-60 cells to apoptosis, and the retardation was unrelated to drug resistance.