行波型超声电机基于神经网络的逆模型辨识

行波型超声电机的动态特性受定子压电陶瓷迟滞和接触层非线性摩擦力的影响,表现出复杂的多值映射特征.通过引入动态迟滞逆算子,将存在于超声波电机逆系统中的多值映射在新的扩张输入空间上,转换为一一映射;然后使用神经网络建立超声波电机的逆模型,对迟滞和非线性摩擦力的影响进行补偿.所建立的模型结构简单,可以在线调整适应电机参数的非线性变化.实验仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.

     

光电系统对空间目标成像建模仿真研究

对光电系统成像过程进行了建模仿真研究,采用光线跟踪法建立了成像过程的光线跟踪模型;根据线性滤波理论,对系统的各组成单元的调制传递函数进行分析,给出整个系统的传递函数,建立了成像过程的传递函数模型;结合光线跟踪与调制传递函数模型,建立了光电系统对空间目标成像仿真物理模型,给出了仿真流程;最后,进行了成像仿真,结果给出了目标在像面上的灰度分布曲线及仿真图像,验证系统理论传递函数,证明了模型的合理性.     

Alignment layers for improved surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid-crystal devices

Ultrathin silane monolayer and silicon oxide alignment layers in surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquidcrystal devices are shown to enhance bistability and reduce degradation from ions.     

New airborne scanning lidar system: applications for atmospheric remote sensing

A new scanning airborne-aerosol lidar system that has the potential to be a valuable atmospheric remote-sensing tool has been developed. The system has the ability to scan both parallel and perpendicular to an aircraft's flight path, and this ability permits both the three-dimensional rendering of the aerosol structure below the aircraft and the measurement of aerosol extinction and optical depth. The system has been integrated into a NASA P-3 aircraft and during a recent flight was used to acquire excellent data with both scanning modes. The system design, the application of the across-track scanning data to the study of the atmospheric boundary layer, and the computation of optical depth derived from along-track scan data are reported.     

High-precision measurement of pixel positions in a charge-coupled device

The high level of spatial uniformity in modern CCD's makes them excellent devices for astrometric instruments. However, at the level of accuracy envisioned by the more ambitious projects such as the Astrometric Imaging Telescope, current technology produces CCD's with significant pixel registration errors. We describe a technique for making high-precision measurements of relative pixel positions. We measured CCD's manufactured for the Wide Field Planetary Camera II installed in the Hubble Space Telescope. These CCD's are shown to have significant step-and-repeat errors of 0.033 pixel along every 34th row, as well as a 0.003-pixel curvature along 34-pixel stripes. The source of these errors is described. Our experiments achieved a per-pixel accuracy of 0.011 pixel. The ultimate shot-noise limited precision of the method is less than 0.001 pixel.     

Design methods for space-variant optical interconnections to achieve optimum power throughput

Optoelectronic systems based on space-variant optics give great freedom to the system designer in terms of interconnect topologies. One feature of space-variant systems is that they can achieve a high interconnect density. However, this density is achieved by having large arrays of diffractive elements with very small apertures relative to the propagation distances involved. Thus diffraction losses from the finite apertures can significantly affect power throughput for these types of systems, regardless of the diffractive efficiencies of the optical elements involved. Therefore it is desirable that this loss be minimized. We present several space-variant optical interconnect design methods (for both one-to-one and fan-out interconnects) and compare them in terms of power throughput for diffraction-limited interconnect distances. Both numerical simulations and experimental results are presented.     

Efficient encoding algorithms for computer-aided design of diffractive optical elements by the use of electron-beam fabrication

One of the general requirements of a computer-aided design system is the existence of efficient (in data size and running time) algorithms that are generally reliable for the broadest range of design instances. The restricted data formats of the electron-beam machines impose difficulties in developing algorithms for the design of diffractive optical elements (DOE's) and computer-generated holograms (CGH's). Issues that are related to the development of CGH algorithms for e-beam fabrication of DOE's and CGH's are discussed. We define the problems the CGH algorithms need to solve, then introduce general curve drawing algorithms for the e-beam data generation of diffractive optical components. An efficient algorithm for general aspherical DOE's is proposed. Actual design and fabrication examples are also presented.     

An evaluation of the algorithms for determining local cerebral metabolic rates of glucose using positron emission tomography dynamic data

Measurement of the local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (LCMRGlc) and the individual rate constant parameters of the [(18 )F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) model can provide a clearer understanding and insight to the physiological processes in the human brain, and a quicker and more accurate means of diagnosis in clinical applications. A systematic study using simulated and clinical tissue time activity data is presented to evaluate several existing and newly developed major algorithms used for determining LCMRGlc and the individual rate constants from positron emission tomography dynamic data. The computational and statistical properties of the autoradiographic approach, weighted and unweighted nonlinear least squares methods, Patlak graphic approach, weighted integration method, linear least squares and generalized linear least squares methods are investigated and discussed in this paper.     

考虑电热柔性负荷与氢能精细化建模的综合能源系统低碳运行

在能源转型及“碳达峰、碳中和”目标背景下,构建以氢能为能量转换媒介的综合能源系统(integratedenergy system with hydrogen energy,H2-IES)具有减少环境污染、提高能效水平的重要意义。为充分发挥氢能在综合能源系统中的效用,提出一种考虑电热柔性负荷及氢能精细化建模的H2-IES低碳运行方法。首先,分析了氢能利用机理,建立了氢能利用的精细化模型;其次,考虑电/热负荷柔性用能特征,及柔性负荷参与负荷调节对系统优化运行的影响,建立了电/热柔性负荷模型;最后,综合考虑系统外购能、运维、碳惩罚、柔性负荷调节补偿成本,以总运行成本最低为目标,提出H2-IES低碳优化运行模型。算例结果证明,相对于传统线性化建模及热电联产供能方式,所提H2-IES优化模型及策略能够有效降低运行成本、减少碳排放,具有较高的经济性与环保性。     

零失效试验的测试时长与样本量选择分析

基于国内企业对产品质量以及可靠性要求越来越高,可靠性试验方案的选择尤为重要,GJB899A可靠性鉴定与验收规范详细列举了定时截尾试验、序贯截尾试验。阐述企业的考量是基于质量目标的前提下,要求试验方案测试成本低、时间可控,本文结合定时截尾以及序贯截尾的思路,制定了一种零失效试验,结合最小测试样本量的方案,可以定量评估出试验方案合理性,为企业制定可靠性试验方案提出相应的依据。