Depolymerization of fluoroalkyl methacrylate polymers as studied with thermogravimetry

Thermal behaviors of a few kinds of poly(fluoroalkyl methacrylate) prepared by γ-or UV-ray polymerization were investigated by using thermogravimetric measurements with the intermittent analysis of the gaseous products. The degradation of fluoroalkyl methacrylate polymers, monomeric units of which were CH₂=C(CH₃)COOCH₂(CF₂CF₂)_nH, n = 1, 2, and 3, proceeded according to the depolymerization mechanism reproducing the pristine monomer exclusively, but the thermogram in inert atmosphere showed the features of a two-step reaction. Two species of polymer differing in the heat stability were supposed to exist in the polymeric substance produced by γ- or UV-ray irradiation, and the fraction of polymer having lower heat stability increased with the increasing length of the fluoroalkyl ester group. In air, however, the thermogram of poly(fluoroalkyl methacrylate) showed no such a stepwise weight decrease as was observed in inert atomsphere with the elevating temperature, and the temperatures at which the depolymerization was introduced shifted to a much higher region. The results were ascribed to the reaction of initiating polymer radicals produced on polymer having lower stability with oxygen to form hydroperoxide, which once stabilized the polymer radicals and obstructed the initiaition of the unzipping reaction till higher temperature.     

聚甲醛在新型陶瓷注射成型催化脱脂工艺中的应用

利用聚甲醛对酸性气氛敏感易分解的特性，将其作为主要粘结剂应用于陶瓷注射成型技术中，并采用了新型的催化脱脂技术，使得脱脂速度有了很大提高，实验样品主要粘结剂的脱除量在10h内即达到90％以上，记录了该过程中样品失重的情况，分析了脱脂阶段不同特征及其原因，指出催化脱脂过程速度的控制因素是气态催化剂和气体产物扩散过程，实验观察了脱脂过程不同时刻样品外围与中心区域的微观形貌，证明了脱脂过程由外围逐渐向内部扩散，对物料流变性能的考察表明物料为假塑性，有良好的流动充模性。     

Depolymerization of poly(fluoroalkyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) as studied with thermogravimetry

Thermal behaviors of a few kinds of poly(fluoroalkyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) prepared by γ-ray copolymerization were investigated by using thermogravimetric measurements together with the intermittent analysis of the gaseous products. The thermal degradation of copolymers composed of one of fluoroalkyl methacrylates of the following structures: CH₂?C(CH₃)COOCH₂(CF₂CF₂)_nH, where n = 1,2, and 3, and methyl methacrylate proceeded according to the depolymerization mechanism reproducing the pristine component comonomers exclusively, but their thermograms in inert atmosphere showed the feature of a two-step reaction. In air, however, thermograms of copolymers did not show such a stepwise decrease in weight with the elevating temperature, and temperatures at which depolymerization was introduced shifted to a much higher region. The overall aspects of depolymerization of copolymers seemed to be much similar to that of fluoroalkyl methacrylate homopolymer previously reported, and the retardation of depolymerization by air was considered to be due mainly to the stabilization of once-formed polymer radicals by oxygen.     

略论苏区文艺如何锻造革命主体

为中国无产阶级革命的成功锻造出合适的革命主体,一直是革命文艺的主要任务.苏区政权将农民确定为革命主体的主要造就对象,充分运用文艺的审美和快感力量,在广大苏区农民群众中开展各种政治宣传、思想灌输和文化教育等活动,加强农民的阶级意识和提高农民的阶级觉悟,这为苏区革命斗争的开展作出了重要贡献.     

路面质量检测方法及装置

介绍了一种现场道路质量检验方法,利用机械式偏心激振原理,设计了一台移动式激振装置.使激振头产生一定频率和振幅的激振力激打路面,在激振杆上安装一个传感器,可检测出激振头对路面的激打力和频率,根据检测路面相应变形情况进行综合分析,即可检测出路面的质量是否满足设计要求而实现现场检验.该装置体积小,既可作为实验室检测设备,又可在现场进行检验;检测结果完全符合国家标准.     

矩阵的Hadamard积最小特征值的下界估计

对A和B是非奇异M矩阵,利用著名的Gerschgorin圆盘定理,给出了B和A-1的Hadamard积B。A-1的最小特征值τ(BA-1)新的下界估计式,此下界估计式改进了现有的几个结果,并且这个下界估计式只涉及矩阵A和B的元素,易于计算.例证表明,所得下界估计式要比现有的下界估计式更加精确.     

定参数Butterworth滤波器的改进设计

针对Butterworth低通滤波器归一化后的传递函数动态性能指标的单一化,提出了可以根据需要改变其动态性能指标的低通滤波器。基于牛顿迭代法对Butterworth低通滤波器的极点的位置进行迭代计算,使重新分布极点的滤波器的传递函数动态性能指标满足设备的需求,并对改进后的低通滤波器进行阶跃响应分析。     

一种新的盲源分离拟开关算法

针对电子战中各种信号混叠严重难以分离的现象,在盲源分离开关算法基础上提出一种新的盲信源分离拟开关算法.该算法引入单位对称加权滑动向量来加权每次迭代所得的分离信号作为源信号,用峭度取代原算法的峭度符号位作为判断函数来自适应选择加权相应激活函数,以此优化学习算法,结合信号分选的具体应用,给出了迭代结束的评判方法.计算机仿真实验表明,在强噪声背景影响下,该算法能够更加有效地分离空间未知多源线性混叠信号,且在分离效果、稳定性、处理速度和抗噪性能上都比原算法有较大改进.     

Dehydrogenative Cracking of n-Butane over Modified HZSM-5 Catalysts

Dehydrogenative cracking reaction of n-butane was studied using HZSM-5 catalyst modified with various metal oxides. Alkaline earth (magnesium), transition metal (cobalt) and rare earth (lanthanum) elements are used for the modification. The selectivity of the products was studied at low conversion (20%). Methane, ethane, ethylene, propylene, butenes and butadiene were the main products. With the use of the cobalt- or magnesium-containing HZSM-5, dehydrogenative cracking was observed and the selectivity of ethylene was much larger than that of ethane. On the other hand, the selectivity of ethylene and ethane were almost the same in the reaction using the lanthanum-containing HZSM-5. It is considered that the cobalt- and magnesium-loaded sites on HZSM-5 played an important role in the dehydrogenative cracking.     

倾角传感器稳定性测试与分析

为了进一步加强产品质量监管,更加全面地了解倾角传感器的稳定性,随机抽取了两款倾角传感器,针对倾角传感器的启动特性、动态特性和稳态特性进行测试与分析.为了更全面地展示出倾角传感器稳定性,结合倾角传感器在设备上面从启动到稳定工作的整个过程,文章给出较为合理的测试方法和步骤,重点分析了倾角传感器启动时的快速稳定性、动作时的动态跟随性和静态时的稳态特性.测试结果表明,动态特性好的倾角传感器启动时会更快地稳定,而稳态特性相对降低.