Growth of colorectal polyps: redetection and evaluation of unresected polyps for a period of three years

The FLO5 gene has been assigned to chromosomes I and VIII in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. According to the results obtained, flocculation of strain STX347-ID (reported as strain FLO5) is the result of two different genes: one of them is allelic to the previously reported FLO1 and located at 4.7 cM from PHO11 and 37 cM from ADE1 on chromosome I. The other was mapped on chromosome VIII at 36.8 cM from PET3 and 30.5 cM from FUR1. This second gene generated a constitutive flocculation phenotype that was not under the control of the fsu3 suppressor. The latter has been reported to suppress certain FLO1 genes.     

Dose-related effects of Ampligen (poly(I).poly(C12U)), a mismatched double-stranded RNA, in a bleomycin-mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis

The antifibrotic effect of the mismatched double-stranded RNA, Ampligen (poly(I).poly(C12U)), was evaluated in a bleomycin-mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Mice received a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin (0.125 U/mouse) or saline (50 microL) at the beginning of the experiment, followed by 5 or 6 intraperitoneal injections of Ampligen (1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, or 25.0 mg/kg) or saline at regular intervals for 2 weeks. Ampligen did not produce increased mortality or weight loss by itself. However, it produced varying degrees of mortality in combination with bleomycin. Five injections of 10 mg/kg Ampligen or three injections of 25 mg/kg Ampligen plus three injections of 10 mg/kg Ampligen in combination with bleomycin .produced significant reductions in lung collagen accumulation as indicated by lung hydroxyproline content compared to the bleomycin control group. Animals receiving bleomycin plus Ampligen at all dosages had significantly reduced prolyl hydroxylase activity compared to the bleomycin control group. Lipid peroxidation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-supernatant protein content for the groups receiving bleomycin plus Ampligen were not reduced compared to the bleomycin control group. In the BALF-supernatant, the activity of acid phosphatase, a lysosomal enzyme produced by neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, was significantly decreased in the group receiving bleomycin plus 10 mg/kg Ampligen. Also, selected BALF differential immune cell counts were reduced in some of the groups receiving bleomycin plus Ampligen, but not in a consistent or dose-dependent manner. The results of this study indicate that Ampligen can significantly reduce the bleomycin-induced increased collagen accumulation and may be therapeutically useful in the management of lung fibrosis in humans.     

Pharmacological correction of lipid peroxidation during hypoxia and possibility to enhance human resistance to high altitude by using preparations of the metabolic type of action

In simulating acute hypoxic hypoxia with the participation of male volunteers, the authors investigated the antihypoxic and antioxidative activity of metabolic drugs (jakton, amtizole succinate, nootropil, probucol, and a mixture which consists of jakton, amtizole succinate, and probucol). The pharmaceuticals were shown to have heterodirectional effects on lipid peroxidative processes. Drugs having a pronounced antioxidative activity (such as probucol and the mixture) promotes oxygen utilization during hypoxia and posthypoxic reoxygenation chiefly by the oxygenase pathway. This rearrangement of oxygen utilization processes caused an increase in human high-altitude resistance. The use of the above drugs is a promising trend in the development of an adaptative response to hypoxia in persons engaged in hazardous jobs.     

Structure of O-specific polysaccharide from Proteus mirabilis O10, containing a new component of O-antigens--L-altruronic acid

An acidic O-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Proteus mirabilis O10 and studied after full acid hydrolysis and carboxyl reduction by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (COSY), H-detected heteronuclear 1H,13C multi-quantum coherence (HMQC), and rotating-frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY). It was found that the polysaccharide contains 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid, and L-altruronic acid, and the following structure of the branched tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: [sequence: see text]