Study of the spectrum of rabbit myocardium nuclear DNAases using models of ischemia and diabetes mellitus

There were alterations in the spectrum of nuclear endo-DNAases in the rabbit myocardium on experimental models of diabetes mellitus and other diseases where the perfused heart was involved i.e. disappearance of the enzyme with 130 kDa from the control extracts was followed by a great increase in the content of low molecular forms in the nuclear preparations obtained from the ischemic heart, as well as that with 145 kDa in all the abnormalities under study.     

Clinical denouement and mutation analysis of patients with cystic fibrosis undergoing liver transplantation for biliary cirrhosis

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with cystic fibrosis considered for liver transplantation and the clinical outcome after transplantation. METHODS: Patient charts were reviewed. Mutation analysis was performed on blood or liver tissue samples with a panel of 17 mutations. RESULTS: Eight patients (five girls) with cystic fibrosis have undergone orthotopic liver transplantation for biliary cirrhosis. Mean age at transplantation was 12.0 years +/- 7.7 years (range, 9 months to 23 years). Preoperatively, seven patients had mild to moderate pulmonary dysfunction and one moderate to severe pulmonary dysfunction. All patients required pancreatic enzyme replacement, and four patients required insulin for diabetes mellitus. The 1-year survival rate was 75%, with no deaths related to septic events. Mean time of follow-up the six operative survivors was 4.1 years +/- 1.9 years. Pulmonary function testing, in those serially tested, showed that forced expiratory volume in 1 second was maintained or improved and that forced vital capacity improved after transplantation. Mutation analysis showed the following genotypes: four patients, delta F508/delta F508; one patient, delta F508/N1303K; and three patients, delta F508/unknown. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high risk of transplantation, these encouraging results indicate that liver transplantation should be considered for patients with cystic fibrosis and complications of end-stage liver disease. We could not demonstrate an unusual pattern of CF gene mutations in these patients with severe liver disease. It appeared that immunosuppressive agents did not have a deleterious effect on pulmonary function.     

Advanced Leader Election for Virtual Traffic Lights

We examine the network performance of algorithms for self-organized traffic management. In particular, we focus on wireless network-ing between cars. One of many technologies that make road traffic safer and more efficient is the Virtual Traffic Light(VTL) system,which is able to coordinate the traffic flow at intersections without the need for physical lights. VTL takes a leading vehicle at an inter-section and uses it to control the traffic lights. We developed algorithms for leader election and traffic light computation in realistic ve-hicular networking scenarios. Our key contribution is the extension of this algorithm to support arbitrary intersection layouts. We in-vestigated the proposal in synthetic and realistic scenarios. The results show that, overall, VTLs use network resources efficiently andpositively influences driving experience. It performs better than stationary traffic lights for a low to medium network load. We alsoidentify potential optimizations to deal with high network load and to improve fairness.     

发展我军舰载无源干扰装备的几点设想

介绍了我军舰载无源干扰装备的现状,分析了现有装备的不足,并对改进方法进行了初步探讨,提出用来对付精确制导武器的电子战必须从单一的对抗措施发展到同时使用多种对抗措施,从单舰的对抗措施发展到编队间协同对抗措施。     

A method for the determination of N-nitrosoalkanolamines in cosmetics

A method für the determination of N-nitrosoalkanolamines in cosmetics and toiletries is described. The ingredients used in their manufacture N-nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine (N-nitrosodiethanolamine, NDELA) and N-nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxy-propyl)amine (NBHPA) are almost exclusively the contaminants. The method has therefore been modified for their determination. N-Nitroso-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine is used as the internal standard. After dilution with water, the cosmetic is adsorbed onto a kieselguhr column and extracted with n-butanol. The extract is brought to dryness, re-dissolved in chloroform/acetone (5 + 1) and transferred to a silica gel column. The column is washed and eluted with acetone. The eluate is dried and the residue is treated with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-heptafluorobutyramide. Trimethylsilyl (TMS)derivatives of N-nitrosoalkanolamines are determined by gas-chromatography with a thermal energy analyzer (TEA). Recovery of the internal standard is 95% and the determination limit is 5 micrograms/kg, Repeated analyses of a foam bath, spiked with 30 micrograms/kg NDELA, gave an average content of 32 micrograms/kg NDELA (variation coefficient 8.8%; n = 10). In order to avoid artefact formation during the clean-up process, kieselguhr containing 50% sodium ascorbate has to be used when cosmetics containing free dialkanolamines are analyzed.     

A method for the determination of N-nitrosoalkanolamines in cosmetics

Summary A method für the determination of N-nitrosoalkanolamines in cosmetics and toiletries is described. The ingredients used in their manufacture N-nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine (N-nitrosodiethanolamine, NDELA) and N-nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (NBHPA) are almost exclusively the contaminants. The method has therefore been modified for their determination. N-Nitroso-(2-hydroxyethyl)-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine is used as the internal standard. After dilution with water, the cosmetic is adsorbed onto a kieselguhr column and extracted with n-butanol. The extract is brought to dryness, re-dissolved in chloroform/acetone (5 + 1) and transferred to a silica gel column. The column is washed and eluted with acetone. The eluate is dried and the residue is treated with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-heptafluorobutyramide. Trimethylsilyl (TMS)derivatives of N-nitrosoalkanolamines are determined by gas-chromatography with a thermal energy analyzer (TEA). Recovery of the internal standard is 95% and the determination limit is 5 g/kg, Repeated analyses of a foam bath, spiked with 30 g/kg NDELA, gave an average content of 32 g/kg NDELA (variation coefficient 8.8%;n=10). In order to avoid artefact formation during the clean-up process, kieselguhr containing 50% sodium ascorbate has to be used when cosmetics containing free dialkanolamines are analyzed.

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Ein Bestimmungsverfahren für N-Nitrosoalkanolamine in kosmetischen Mitteln

Zusammenfassung Ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von N-Nitrosoalkanolaminen in kosmetischen Mitteln wird beschrieben. Da die technisch eingesetzten Grundstoffe praktisch ausschließlich zu Kontamination mit N-Nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amin (N-Nitrosodiethanolamin, NDELA) und N-Nitroso-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)amin (NBHPA) führen, ist das Verfahren auf die Erfassung dieser Nitrosamine optimiert. Die mit Wasser verdünnte Probe wird nach Aufgabe auf eine Kieselgursäule mit n-Butanol extrahiert. Das Lösungsmittel wird abgedampft, der Rückstand in Chloroform/Aceton (5 + 1) aufgenommen und auf eine Kieselgelsäule gegeben. Nach Waschen wird mit Aceton eluiert. Das Eluat wird von Aceton befreit, der Rückstand trimethylsilyliert. Trimethylsilyl (TMS)-Derivate der N-Nitrosoalkanolamine werden gaschromatographisch mit dem Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA) erfaßt. Die Wiederfindung des internen Standards N-Nitroso-(2-hydroxyethyl)-(2-hydroxypropyl)amin (NBHPA) liegt bei 95%, die Bestimmungsgrenze für NDELA bei 5 g/kg. Wiederholte Analysen eines mit 30 g/kg dotierten Schaumbades ergaben einen mittleren Gehalt von 32 g/kg NDELA (Variationskoeffizient = 8,8%,n=10). Zur Vermeidung der Artefaktbildung während der Aufarbeitung muß bei Analysen von kosmetischen Mitteln mit Gehalt an freien Dialkanolaminen Kieselgur mit Zusatz von 50% Natriumascorbat zur Festphasenextraktion verwendet werden.

     

Combining Results From Multiple Evaluations of the Same Measurand

According to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), a result of measurement consists of a measured value together with its associated standard uncertainty. The measured value and the standard uncertainty are interpreted as the expected value and the standard deviation of a state-of-knowledge probability distribution attributed to the measurand. We discuss the term metrological compatibility introduced by the International Vocabulary of Metrology, third edition (VIM3) for lack of significant differences between two or more results of measurement for the same measurand. Sometimes a combined result of measurement from multiple evaluations of the same measurand is needed. We propose an approach for determining a combined result which is metrologically compatible with the contributing results.     

New developments in X-ray fluorescence metrology

A new micro-spot XRF metrology tool has been developed that enables on-product production control of films and stacks used in the semiconductor and data storage industry. The tool has been evaluated using several thin films and stacks and the initial results verify the suitability of this micro-spot XRF method as an in-line metrology technique. Both the classical XRF analysis method as well as the fundamental parameter approach proved to be applicable. The successful combination of micro-spot excitation and fundamental parameter analysis makes the technique a powerful method for on-product characterization of single films and multi-layers.