Functional properties and in vitro antioxidant activity of roe protein hydrolysates of Channa striatus and Labeo rohita

Bioactive roe protein hydrolysates were prepared from Channa striatus (CRPH) and Labeo rohita (LRPH) and their functional and in vitro antioxidant properties evaluated. The degree of hydrolysis was 28.41% at 60min in channa and 18.85% in labeo roe concentrates at 90min. The yields of protein hydrolysates were 24.15% and 12.45% for channa and labeo roe protein concentrates, respectively. The protein content was identical (58%) in both roe protein hydrolysates. Protein solubility in channa was higher (90.48%) when compared to labeo (50.6%) at pH 12. Higher oil absorption capacity and foam stability were observed in CRPH and higher emulsifying capacity was found in LRPH. Smaller peptides of 12kDa were noted in both CRPH and LRPH. In vitro antioxidant activity was higher in CRPH than in LRPH as seen from DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing power.     

Antihyperglycaemic efficacy of kombucha in streptozotocin-induced rats

Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage produced by fermenting sugared black tea with kombucha mat (consists of bacteria and yeast strains). Diabetes mellitus is group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both. The present study was aimed to delineate the antihyperglycaemic effect of lyophilized extract of kombucha in streptozotocin-induced experimental rats. After the experimental period of 45 days we observed that kombucha supplementation with 6 mg/kg bw significantly decreased glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA_1c) and increased the levels of plasma insulin, haemoglobin and tissue glycogen which was decreased up on streptozotocin (STZ) treatment and also significantly reversed the altered activities of gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase in the tissues of experimental rats. Thus, our results substantiate that kombucha found to exert hypoglycaemic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These findings suggest that kombucha may be considered as a potential functional food candidate for future applications as functional food supplement for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.     

Tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon for field‐emission displays

Abstract— Field emission from a series of tetrahedrally bonded amorphous‐carbon (ta‐C) films, deposited in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc, has been measured. The threshold field for emission and current densities achievable have been investigated as a function of sp³/sp² bonding ratio and nitrogen content. Typical as‐grown undoped ta‐C films have threshold fields of the order 10–15 V/μm and optimally nitrogen doped films exhibit fields as low as 5 V/μm. In order to gain further understanding of the mechanism of field emission, the films were also subjected to H₂, Ar, and O₂ plasma treatments and were also deposited onto substrates of different work function. The threshold field, emission current, and emission site densities were all significantly improved by the plasma treatment, but little dependence of these properties on work function of the substrate was observed. This suggests that the main barrier to emission in these films is at the front surface.     

A New HBS Model in Millimeter-Wave Beamspace MIMO-NOMA Systems Using Alternative Grey Wolf with Beetle Swarm Optimization

In recent years, content delivery accounts for a large proportion of the Internet traffic, but end-to-end communications used in the Internet mismatch content-centric delivery and lead to considerable delivery costs and latency. Taking the advantages of content-centric networking into account, we are motivated to employ the name-based mechanism to achieve content communications in the Internet and propose a content-centric framework in the Internet environment (CCFI). CCFI proposes a mapping mechanism between a unicast address and a name so that it can employ the name-based mechanism to achieve the following two objectives: (1) forward a content request to the nearest server in a unicast way; (2) support content sharing among multiple sources. Finally, CCFI is analyzed and evaluated, and the data show that it effectively reduce the content communication costs and latency.

     

Design analysis of GOS-HEFET on lower Subthreshold Swing SOI

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - Decimal multiplication is the most common operation in arithmetic applications. This paper presents an area-efficient digit-by-digit decimal...     

Adaptive Key Management-Based Cryptographic Algorithm for Privacy Preservation in Wireless Mobile Adhoc Networks for IoT Applications

Wireless Personal Communications - Despite many advances, Handwritten Devanagari Character Recognition (HDCR) remains unsolved due to the presence of complex characters. For HDCR, the traditional...     

Effect of Fe Addition to Binder Phase on Mechanical Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals - In the present work, tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) in two different compositions (92 wt% W–2:1 wt% Ni/Co and 92 wt%...     

A review on microalgae,a versatile source for sustainable energy and materials

Increasing energy demands, predicted fossil fuels shortage in the near future, and environmental concerns due to the production of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide on their combustion have motivated the search for alternative ‘clean’ energy sources. Among many resources for this, microalgae have been found to be most promising due to their high production capacity of vegetable oils. They possess a high growth rate, need abundantly available solar light and CO₂, and thus are more photosynthetically efficient than oil crops. Also, they tolerate high concentration of salts allowing the use of any type of water for the agriculture and the possibility of production using innovative compact photobioreactors. In addition, microalgae are a potential source of biomass, which may have great biodiversity and consequent variability in their biochemical composition. This paper presents an overview on microalgae with particular emphasis as a source for energy (biofuel/electricity) and new materials. Critical issues involved in production of microalgae and their use, future R & D to overcome these, including the work initiated by the authors at Federal University of Paraná, UFPR, in Brazil are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Spectroscopic analysis of up conversion luminescence in doped halogeno-antimonite glass

The up-conversion emission of Nd³⁺, Sm³⁺ and Er³⁺ has been studied in a new halogeno-antimonite glass with the chemical composition 80 Sb₂O₃ – 10 ZnBr₂ – 10 KCl. Doping concentration was 0.2?mol% of lanthanide (Ln) ions. Rare earths were introduced as fluorides LnF₃ that were further converted into oxides. Main physical properties of base glass were measured, including density, thermal expansion, characteristic temperatures, refractive index and optical transmission. The amount of residual hydroxyls was calculated from the OH absorption band around 3000?nm. The recorded up-conversion emission lines are λ_em =?536?nm for Nd³⁺ pumped at 805?nm; λ_em =?563?nm, 600?nm, 631?nm and 645?nm for Sm³⁺ pumped at 945?nm; λ_em =?531?nm for Er³⁺ pumped at 798?nm. Co-doped glass (0.1 Yb³⁺ + 0.1 Er³⁺) pumped at 980?nm has three emission lines at 524?nm, 545?nm and 650?nm. Corresponding transitions have been identified and the mechanisms ruling the up-conversion process is discussed. They include excited state absorption (ESA), energy transfer (ET) cooperative energy transfer (CET), emission assisted by phonon (EAP), multiphonon relaxation (MR) and cross- relaxation (CR).