Forecasting of Turkey's net electricity energy consumption on sectoral bases

In this study forecast of Turkey's net electricity energy consumption on sectoral basis until 2020 is explored. Artificial neural networks (ANN) is preferred as forecasting tool. The reasons behind choosing ANN are the ability of ANN to forecast future values of more than one variable at the same time and to model the nonlinear relation in the data structure. Founded forecast results by ANN are compared with official forecasts.     

The occurrence of goitrogenic substances in milk. 1. Release of goitrin in the milk of cows fed on rapeseed extract cakes

A total of six cows, divided into 3 groups, were fed various amounts of rape cake containing 6 g of goitrin/kg over a period of 7 days. The cows were milked twice a day and the goitrin content of the heated milk samples were determined by a HPLC-method within 2 h. When rape cake was fed at 0.39, 1.9 and 3.9% resp. of the total feed this resulted in medium goitrin values of 37, 163 and 707 micrograms/l milk. These values correspond to a transfer of about 0.1% of the original progoitrin content in the feed. 12 h after the last rape feeding the amount of goitrin in the milk was below the detection limit of 7 ppb. The toxicological significance of these findings are dicussed.     

Bestimmung von Haselnußprotein (Corylin) mit Hilfe der Elektroimmundiffusion nach Laurell

European Food Research and Technology - Bei Bestimmungen des Proteingehalts von Haselnüssen in verschiedenen Handelsprodukten wie Nuß-Nougatcremes and Nußmus mit der...     

堤坝渗漏防治技术在社岗防护堤的应用

该文从设计、施工和运行管理等方面介绍了高喷板墙、减压井、充填灌浆以及开挖导渗等技术在飞来峡水利枢纽社岗防护堤中的应用情况,探讨了堤坝渗漏综合防治的技术措施和有关问题。     

Development of an empirical mathematical model for describing and optimizing the hygiene potential of a thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor treating faeces.

Poor sanitation and insufficient disposal of sewage and faeces are primarily responsible for water associated health problems in developing countries. Domestic sewage and faeces are prevalently discharged into surface waters which are used by the inhabitants as a source for drinking water. This paper presents a decentralized anaerobic process technique for handling of such domestic organic waste. Such an efficient and compact system for treating faeces and food waste may be of great benefit for developing countries. Besides a stable biogas production for energy generation, the reduction of bacterial pathogens is of particular importance. In our research we investigated the removal capacity of the reactor concerning pathogens, which has been operated under thermophilic conditions. Faecal coliforms and intestinal enterococci have been detected as indicator organisms for bacterial pathogens. By the multiple regression analysis technique an empirical mathematical model has been developed. The model shows a high correlation between removal efficiency and both, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and temperature. By this model an optimized HRT for defined bacterial pathogens effluent standards can be easily calculated. Thus, hygiene potential can be evaluated along with economic aspects. In this paper not only results for describing the hygiene potential of a thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor are presented, but also an exemplary method to draw the right conclusions out of biological tests with the aid of mathematical tools.     

The possibility of evolving a theory for predicting the service life of reinforced concrete structures

The development in recent years with increasing air pollution, increasing need of energy saving and last not least the growing number of damage in old structures leads to a raising demand to calculate the durability of structures, too. The paper has been prepared by request of the RILEM Technical Committee 45-LTO to show that, in principle, it is possible to evolve a theory for predicting the service life of r.c. structures and to sketch a way how that could be achieved. A lot of necessary basic data can be found scattered in the literature. To collect these data will be the first step to take.     

Aqua-Biomant: integrated biological and electrochemical oxidation for industrial wastewater treatment.

An innovative technology for industrial wastewater treatment has been developed. The main focus of the new system is a transformation of persistent organic compounds (biorecalcitrant COD) into a biodegradable fraction, followed by high efficient biological elimination using specialised bacteria's. To fulfill these targets the Aqua-Biomant process integrates two treatment steps: an aerated biological upflow filter and a electrochemical oxidation technique using boron doped-diamond electrodes. The advantages of the process are high efficient COD removal with reduced energy consumption combined with low total residence time.     

Selection for different growth parameters in laboratory mice and its correlated effects on body composition and organ weights

Body composition and organ weights were determined in male mice sampled from 4 different lines of a selection experiment: DU-6P (selected for high protein amount), DU-6 (selected for high body weight), DU-6 + LB (selected for an index combining body weight and endurance fitness) and DU-K (unselected control line). Selection was carried out under the conditions of ad libitum feeding and standardization of litter size at birth. In all 3 selection lines a significant direct selection response was shown. While fat in lines DU-6P and DU-6 + LB remained normal, it increased after selection for body weight (DU-6) significantly. Up to generation 13 the average increase of fat was 0.32% per generation. Investigations on 28 to 80 days old mice showed, that males of this line were fatter before, at and after the age of selection (42 days). After 9 generations the body weight of selected mice was significantly increased by 23 to 29%. The absolute organ weights of hearts, livers and kidneys were also significantly higher, while the relative weights of hearts and kidneys decreased. The relative liver weights were in the selected lines higher, but only the difference DU-6 vs. DU-K was significant.     

Deconvolution of infrared spectra using various milk proteins as an example

The theory of deconvolution of infra-red spectra is presented and illustrated using milk protein spectra. The advantage of this method is impressively demonstrated and its relevance for dairy farming shown using a simple example, the cooling of milk.     

Analysis and design of Hermite subdivision schemes

Published online: 14 May 2002