Numerical Simulation of the Mechanical Properties of Sintered and Bonded Perforated Hollow Sphere Structures (PHSS)

This paper investigated the uniaxial mechanical properties of a new type of hollow sphere structures. For this new type, the sphere shell was perforated by several holes in order to open the inner sphere volume and surface. The mechanical properties, i.e. elastic properties and initial yield stress of perforated hollow sphere structures (PHSS) in a primitive cubic arrangement were numerically evaluated for different hole diameters and different joining techniques of the hollow spheres. The results are compa...     

Chemisorption,physisorption and hysteresis during hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes

The question of chemisorption versus physisorption during hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is addressed experimentally. We utilize a powerful measurement technique based on a magnetic suspension balance coupled with a residual gas analyzer, and report new data for hydrogen sorption at pressures of up to 100 bar at 25 °C. The measured sorption capacity is less than 0.2 wt.%, and there is hysteresis in the sorption isotherms when multi-walled CNTs are exposed to hydrogen after pretreatment at elevated temperatures. The cause of the hysteresis is then studied, and is shown to be due to a combination of weak sorption – physisorption – and strong sorption – chemisorption – in the CNTs. Analysis of the experimental data enables us to calculate separately the individual hydrogen physisorption and chemisorption isotherms in CNTs that, to our knowledge, are reported for the first time here. The maximum measured hydrogen physisorption and chemisorption are 0.13 wt.% and 0.058 wt.%, respectively.     

Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Dissimilar Austenitic/Super Duplex Stainless Steel Joint

To study the effect of chemical composition on microstructural features and mechanical properties of dissimilar joints between super duplex and austenitic stainless steels, welding was attempted by gas tungsten arc welding process with a super duplex (ER2594) and an austenitic (ER309LMo) stainless steel filler metal. While the austenitic weld metal had vermicular delta ferrite within austenitic matrix, super duplex stainless steel was mainly comprised of allotriomorphic grain boundary and Widmanstätten side plate austenite morphologies in the ferrite matrix. Also the heat-affected zone of austenitic base metal comprised of large austenite grains with little amounts of ferrite, whereas a coarse-grained ferritic region was observed in the heat-affected zone of super duplex base metal. Although both welded joints showed acceptable mechanical properties, the hardness and impact strength of the weld metal produced using super duplex filler metal were found to be better than that obtained by austenitic filler metal.     

Inverse Identification of Thermal Properties of Charring Ablators

The modified Levenberg-Marquardt method is used for simultaneous estimation of decomposition kinetic coefficients and temperature-dependent thermophysical properties of charring ablators with a moving boundary over a wide temperature range. No prior information is used for the functional forms of the unknown thermal conductivity and specific heat. The procedure used differs from the traditional one in that it does not require prescribed time-dependent surface heat flux, recession rate, and pyrolysis gas mass flow rate. These time-dependent quantities may recover during an iterative procedure. The measured temperatures are simulated numerically by the Charring material ablation code, which accounts for unsteady ablation. The method can determine unknown parameters in an efficient manner with reasonable accuracy, without exact advance knowledge about the net surface heat flux, surface recession, and gas flux through the material.     

Control of Hybrid Active Power Filter Based on Switching Function Coefficients

A pulse width modulation (PWM)-based control method for a three-level, four-wire neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter employed in a hybrid active power filter (HAPF) is proposed in this paper. The control method is based on switching function coefficients (SFCs) for harmonic compensation. An interior loop is also proposed for control and balancing of the DC-link voltages. In the proposed control system, one carrier signal is employed in the PWM unit in order to simplify its hardware as compared with traditional PWMs. Based on Fourier decomposition technique, mathematical analysis of the proposed control method is also presented. To decrease the NPC inverter rated power, passive power filters (PPFs) are designed to eliminate fifth and seventh order harmonic currents and to compensate source reactive currents. The proposed control system is implemented by a digital signal processing (DSP) in a laboratory prototype. The experimental results confirmed the validity of the proposed control method in compensation of harmonic currents under non-linear conditions     

Nanomechanical and tribological behavior of hydroxyapatite reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites for biomedical applications

A hydroxyapatite (HA) particulate reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposite is fabricated by internal mixer at 180°C and using of paraffin oil as a processing aid to overcome the high viscosity of melted UHMWPE. The reinforcing effects of nano‐HA are investigated on nanomechanical properties of HA/UHMWPE nanocomposites by nanoindentation and nanoscratching methods. Results show that the nanocomposite with 50 wt % nano‐HA exhibits a Young's modulus and hardness of 362.5% and 200% higher, and a friction coefficient of 38.86% lower than that of pure UHMWPE, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42052.     

Predicting potential deadlocks in multithreaded programs

In a multithreaded program, competition of threads for shared resources raises the deadlock possibility, which narrows the system liveness. Because such errors appear in specific schedules of concurrent executions of threads, runtime verification of threads behavior is a significant concern. In this study, we extended our previous approach for prediction of runtime behavior of threads may lead to an impasse. Such a prediction is of importance because of the nondeterministic manner of competing threads. The prediction process tries to forecast future behavior of threads based on their observed behavior. To this end, we map observed behavior of threads into time‐series data sets and use statistical and artificial intelligence methods for forecasting subsequent members of the sets as future behavior of the threads. The deadlock prediction is carried out based on probing the allocation graph obtained from actual and predicted allocation of resources to threads. In our approach, we use an artificial neural network (ANN) because ANNs enjoy the applicable performance and flexibility in predicting complex behavior. Using three case studies, we contrasted results of the current and our previous approaches to demonstrate results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.