Noise-immune phase unwrapping by use of calculated wrap regions

We implement a proposed method for noise-immune phase unwrapping through the calculation of what may be called wrap regions. The theory of this method is reformulated and discussed with regard to random wrapping, a phenomenon that occurs with diffusely reflecting objects if the optical phase change caused by a deformation is calculated by subtraction of the phases calculated before and after the deformation. Two methods of eliminating random wrapping are presented. The algorithm for phase unwrapping is described, and experimental results are presented.     

Long-wavelength 256×256 GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infraredphotodetector (QWIP) palm-size camera

A 9 μm cutoff 256×256 palm-size quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) camera weighing only 2.5 lbs, and using 5.5 W of power has been demonstrated. Excellent imagery, with a noise equivalent differential temperature (NEΔT) of 23 mK has been achieved. It is well known that QWIP has very low 1/f noise, high operability, and uniformity. As a result, this camera uses a prerecorded nonuniformity correction table (i.e., gains and offsets) stored in its read-only-memory during operation, which enabled the miniaturization of this camera. In this paper, we discuss the development of this very sensitive long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) camera based on a GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP focal plane array (FPA) and its performance in terms of quantum efficiency, NEΔT, MRDT, uniformity, and operability     

Regional pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil in dogs: role of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and extent of pulmonary elimination for 5-fluorouracil (FUra). A secondary aim was to characterize the relative importance of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, splanchnic region, and lungs toward the overall elimination of FUra. A total of 10 mixed-breed male and female dogs were used in these acute studies in which FUra was administered through a cephalic vein. Six dogs were studied at sequentially escalated dose rates of 0.125, 0.250, 0.500, 0.750, and 1.00 micromol/min/kg (8-fold range); four dogs were studied at sequentially escalated dose rates of 0.0625, 0.250, 0.750, 1.50, and 2.00 micromol/min/kg (32-fold range). Each infusion lasted 2 h, at which time steady-state plasma concentrations were obtained (i.e., portal vein, carotid artery, hepatic vein, and pulmonary artery), perfusion rates were measured (hepatic artery, portal vein, and cardiac output), and pharmacokinetic parameters were directly assessed. Pulmonary elimination of FUra was conclusively demonstrated. Although only 17% of the drug was extracted by the lungs at the lowest dose rate, pulmonary clearance (16.0 ml/min/kg) was on the order of splanchnic clearance (13.5 ml/min/kg), or larger. As the dose rate increased, pulmonary clearance was more easily saturated than splanchnic clearance. Thus, it appears that at increasing dose rates, the splanchnic region becomes a more significant pathway, whereas the lungs have a reduced role in the overall elimination of FUra.     

模拟电阻触摸屏及其阳光直射下的可视性

研究了几种提高液晶显示器(LCD)触摸屏在阳光直射下可视性的方法,重点在于降低成本、减少重量。     

Inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium on agar medium and poultry skin by ultraviolet energy.

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) was effective in destroying Salmonella typhimurium on agar plates and poultry skin. Agar plates inoculated with varying numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) of S. typhimurium (1.2 x 10(2) to 1.7 x 10(9) were subjected to different doses of UV light to determine optimal killing. Poultry skin was also inoculated with varying CFU of S. typhimurium per 2 cm2 of skin and subjected to UV light. UV light treatment of inoculated agar plates revealed almost complete elimination (99.9%) of S. typhimurium at 2,000 microW x s x cm(-2). Bacterial reduction was less effective on the surface of poultry skin when a 80.5% reduction in S. typhimurium was obtained at 2,000 microW x s x cm(-2).     

Nucleus suprachiasmaticus: the biological clock in the hamster?

Destruction of the suprachiasmatic nuclei in the golden hamster by bilateral radiofrequency lesions abolishes three well-documented circadian rhythms--locomotor activity, estrous cyclicity, and photoperiodic photosensitivity. Entrainment of these rhythms by light cycles fails in lesioned hamsters; females become persistently estrous; in both sexes locomotor activity becomes sporadic, confined primarily to the light instead of darkness, and is totally arrhythmic when lesioned animals are exposed to continuous darkness; the photoperiodic gonadal response (gonadal regression induced by short day lengths) is abolished; lesioned animals remain reproductively mature irrespective of photoperiodic treatment.     

Use of an Instrumented Flat Dilatometer in Soft Varved Clay

This paper describes the use of an instrumented dilatometer (IDMT) equipped with sensors designed to record the continuous displacement of the membrane, the total pressure, and the pore water pressure. The IDMT was tested in the Connecticut Valley Varved Clay at the University of Massachusetts—Amherst National Geotechnical Experimentation Site. The results, presented in terms of profiles of pore pressure during insertion, corrected pressures, dilatometer indices, and shear modulus are compared to results from the standard dilatometer, the self-boring pressuremeter, the seismic cone, and the seismic dilatometer. The results from the tests suggest that the IDMT can be used to provide accurate and cost-effective values of unload–reload modulus and, the complete pressure–displacement curve could potentially be used to develop improved correlations for strength and initial in situ stresses. In addition, the continuous pressure–displacement response and the pore pressure measurements provided insight into the mechanics of the dilatometer expansion in partially drained conditions.     

Prospective evaluation of the effects of stress on exercise adherence in community-residing women.

The effects of stress on exercise behavior in community-residing women exercising on their own were assessed. Participants (N?=?82) completed a background questionnaire and kept exercise diaries and Weekly Stress Inventories (P. J. Brantley, G. N. Jones, E. Boudreax, & S. L. Catz, 1997) for 8 consecutive weeks. During weeks with a high frequency of stressful events, participants exercised for less time and reported lower self-efficacy for meeting upcoming exercise goals. During weeks of high perceived stress, participants exercised significantly fewer days, omitted more planned exercise sessions, were less satisfied with their exercise, and had lower self-efficacy for meeting exercise goals. Findings suggest that perceptions of stressful events and cognitive reactions to missed exercise may play a significant role in mediating exercise behavior and support the view of exercise relapse as an ongoing process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)