OLEDs 面临的挑战

尽管基于有机发光二极管(OLED)的显示器的优点已被广泛认同,但是这项技术,尤其是其有源器件的产品在开拓市场份额上,依然非常艰难.是什么阻碍了OLEDs显示器获得更广泛的认可呢?     

Artificial neural network medical decision support tool: predicting transfusion requirements of ER patients.

Blood product transfusion is a financial concern for hospitals and patients. Efficient utilization of this dwindling resource is a critical problem if hospitals are to maximize patient care while minimizing costs. Traditional statistical models do not perform well in this domain. An additional concern is the speed with which transfusion decisions and planning can be made. Rapid assessment in the emergency room (ER) necessarily limits the amount of usable information available (with respect to independent variables available). This study evaluates the efficacy of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the transfusion requirements of trauma patients using readily available information. A total of 1016 patient records are used to train and test a backpropagation neural network for predicting the transfusion requirements of these patients during the first 2, 2-6, and 6-24 h, and for total transfusions. Sensitivity and specificity analysis are used along with the mean absolute difference between blood units predicted and units transfused to demonstrate that ANNs can accurately predict most ER patient transfusion requirements, while only using information available at the time of entry into the ER.     

Modelling of electrostatic gate operations in the Kane solid state quantum computer

The nuclear spin quantum computer proposed by Kane [Nature 393 (1998) 133] exploits as a qubit array ³¹P dopants embedded within a silicon matrix. Single-qubit operations are controlled by the application of electrostatic potentials via a set of metallic ‘A’ gates, situated above the donors, on the silicon surface, that tune the resonance frequency of individual nuclear spins, and a globally applied RF magnetic field that flips spins at resonance. Coupling between qubits is controlled by the application of potentials via a set of ‘J’ gates, between the donors, that induce an electron-mediated coupling between nuclear spins. We report the results of the study of the electric field and potential profiles arising within the Kane device from typical gate operations. The extent to which a single nuclear spin can be tuned independently of its neighbours, by operation of an associated A-gate, is examined and key design parameters in the Kane architecture are addressed. Implications for current fabrication strategies involving the implantation of ³¹P atoms are discussed. Solution of the Poisson equation has been carried out by simulation using a TCAD modelling package (Integrated Systems Engineering AG).     

混合动力汽车锂离子电池监控——需要冗余吗?

目前,混合动力汽车(HEV)、插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)和纯电动汽车(EV)的开发工作与锂离子(Li-ion)电池的使用密不可分,许多OEM、电子设备供应商和电池制造商探讨的重点都集中在如何构建最佳的电池监控和管理系统.这些系统当然需要一个主监控器,它通常是一个与微控制器或电池管理单元(BMU)接口的模数转换器(ADC),用来提供精确的测量数据并执行电池平衡(确保充电前所有电池处于同一电平).     

An image morphing technique based on optimal mass preserving mapping.

Image morphing, or image interpolation in the time domain, deals with the metamorphosis of one image into another. In this paper, a new class of image morphing algorithms is proposed based on the theory of optimal mass transport. The L(2) mass moving energy functional is modified by adding an intensity penalizing term, in order to reduce the undesired double exposure effect. It is an intensity-based approach and, thus, is parameter free. The optimal warping function is computed using an iterative gradient descent approach. This proposed morphing method is also extended to doubly connected domains using a harmonic parameterization technique, along with finite-element methods.     

底部填充工艺的瞬时温度环境管理

微电子组装的大部份工艺开发都要求将元件做到更小,以便在尺寸日益缩小的便携式设备上实现更多功能。阐述了大元件的底部填充,即一侧的尺寸超过15mm,底部填充的胶量介于30～50mg。大尺寸晶元的制造工艺要求比现有生产线更大的产能,这就给底部填充点胶带来更大的挑战。大元件的产能超过3000个/h时,需要点胶机点出非常多的胶水。如此多的胶水在出胶前通过点胶阀,这将会带来加热的问题-某些工艺要求出胶前胶水必须要加热。这会对胶点尺寸有影响,因为随着温度的变化,底部填充的胶水黏度也会随之变化,从而轻微影响点出的胶量。从而将影响晶元相邻的“非沾染区”。稳定的温度是点胶稳定性的保证,并且能帮助胶水流进晶元下方同时也有助胶水分离从而更容易喷射出来。从研究中可以观察到：系统温度环境（点胶机内部）对点胶的胶水质量有影响。     

Understanding Sexual Objectification: A Comprehensive Approach Toward Media Exposure and Girls' Internalization of Beauty Ideals,Self‐Objectification,and Body Surveillance

The relationship between exposure to sexually objectifying music television, primetime television programs, fashion magazines, and social networking sites and the internalization of beauty ideals, self‐objectification, and body surveillance was examined among adolescent girls (N = 558). A structural equation model showed direct relationships between sexually objectifying media and the internalization of beauty ideals, and indirect relationships between sexually objectifying media and self‐objectification, and body surveillance through the internalization of beauty ideals. The direct relationships between sexually objectifying media and the internalization of beauty ideals, self‐objectification, and body surveillance differed across the types of sexually objectifying media. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings to explain self‐objectification among girls.     

Self‐Powered Distributed Water Level Sensors Based on Liquid–Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Ship Draft Detecting

Ship draft measurement is of great significance for ensuring navigation safety and facilitating ship control. In this work, a self‐powered water level sensor based on a liquid–solid tubular triboelectric nanogenerator (LST‐TENG) is proposed and analyzed. The LST‐TENG is made of multiple copper electrodes uniformly distributed along a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube. When water flows into the PTFE tube, it induces alternating flows of electrons between the main electrode and the distributed bottom electrodes. The obvious peaks in the derivative of open‐circuit voltage with respect to time are found to correspond with the electrode distribution. Then it can be utilized as a robust and sensitive indicator for detecting the water level as the number of obvious peaks in the derivative of open‐circuit voltage is directly related to the water level height. The ship draft is successfully detected using the LST‐TENG with an accuracy of 10 mm. It shows that the water level sensor has stable performance for liquid–solid interface monitoring. Therefore, this LST‐TENG is self‐powered, robust, and accurate for extensive applications in marine industry.     

Deep levels in p- and n-type InGaAsN for high-efficiency multi-junction III–V solar cells

DLTS measurements have been performed on InGaAsN. Four hole traps have been identified in 1.05 eV, p-type InGaAsN and the removal of a midgap trap (0.5 eV) during annealing has been correlated with improved bulk material properties. Improvements in MOCVD growth conditions resulted in a reduction of trap density in 1.05 eV, p-type InGaAsN. Increased indium and nitrogen composition has been correlated with higher defect concentrations in p-type InGaAsN. Two electron traps have been identified in 1.15 eV, n-type InGaAsN and annealing was found to reduce the density of the shallow electron trap.