A hybrid multi-objective tour route optimization algorithm based on particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony optimization

Computational intelligence techniques have widespread applications in the field of engineering process optimization, which typically comprises of multiple conflicting objectives. An efficient hybrid algorithm for solving multi-objective optimization, based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and artificial bee colony optimization (ABCO) has been proposed in this paper. The novelty of this algorithm lies in allocating random initial solutions to the scout bees in the ABCO phase which are subsequently optimized in the PSO phase with respect to the velocity vector. The last phase involves loyalty decision-making for the uncommitted bees based on the waggle dance phase of ABCO. This procedure continues for multiple generations yielding optimum results. The algorithm is applied to a real life problem of intercity route optimization comprising of conflicting objectives like minimization of travel cost, maximization of the number of tourist spots visited and minimization of the deviation from desired tour duration. Solutions have been obtained using both pareto optimality and the classical weighted sum technique. The proposed algorithm, when compared analytically and graphically with the existing ABCO algorithm, has displayed consistently better performance for fitness values as well as for standard benchmark functions and performance metrics for convergence and coverage.     

HTMS: Fuzzy Based Hierarchical Trust Management Scheme in WSN

The state of the art trust management techniques especially designed for wireless sensor network, are not well suited due to less battery power and less memory of sensor nodes. In this work, we propose a fuzzy based hierarchical trust management scheme which includes direct trust calculation on real time past experience and credit based calculation and indirect trust calculation on peer recommendation. In this scheme cluster head and base station maintains constructive knowledge table based on fuzzy logic which reduces memory and communication overhead. As a whole the scheme reduces the communication overhead, computational time and memory utilization because it deals with decision rather than data compare to other existing schemes.

     

Exploring Plasmonic Resonances Toward “Large-Scale” Flexible Optical Sensors with Deformation Stability

The next generation of sensors requires a simple yet compact lab on chip-based precise optical detection mechanism where data interpretation can be achieved with minimum effort. Hereby, cost-efficient strategies of manufacturing both propagating surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors on flexible platforms are explored via mechanical instabilities and oblique-angled metal evaporation. Centimeter scaled dielectric grating structures produced by plasma oxidation of pre-stressed polydimethylsiloxane film have comprised the substrates, thus imparting inherent flexibility. Subsequently, both continuous and discontinuous 1D-metallic lattices are obtained via vapor deposition of gold at different angles. The optical isotropy (gold surface-grating) and anisotropy (gold edge-grating) are distinctly observed as a difference between forward and backward diffraction efficiencies, backed by analytical correlation to the observed orders. Supported with electromagnetic modeling, the SPP and LSPR excitations are experimentally characterized under reflectance and transmittance measurements, along with a demonstration of their sensing capabilities. The LSPR supported flexible sensor provides superiority in terms of sensitivity, which is investigated under mechanical deformations to exhibit consistency of the resonant wavelength. Such consistency is strategically unraveled via “finite element method” based approaches, thus providing a new paradigm of cost-efficient, large-scaled flexible sensors.     

Design of low power,high speed 4 bit binary to Gray converter with 8 × 4 barrel shifter using nano dimensional MOS transistor for arithmetical,logical and telecommunication circuit and system application

In this work the design of 4 bit binary to Gray code converter circuit with 8 × 4 barrel shifter has been carried out. The circuit has been designed using metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor. The verification of the functionality of the circuits has been performed using Tanner-SPICE software. Power consumption and speed are the major design metrics for very large scale integrated circuit. In this work the average power consumption and gate delay analysis of 4 bit binary to Gray converter with 8 × 4 barrel shifter has been carried out using nano dimensional MOS transistor having channel length of 150 nm. Power consumption, delay analysis has been carried out for different set of supply voltage. It has been observed that power consumption of the 4 bit binary to Gray converter with 8 × 4 barrel shifter has been reduced by reducing the power supply voltage V_DD. The power consumption and delay offers by the circuit is very less. At 1 V V_DD, power consumption and delay are 0.15 μW and 52.7 ps respectively. Therefore the circuit is suited for low power and high speed application in the area of arithmetical, logical and telecommunication.

     

Optimizing channel capacity in a MIMO–PSK wireless rayleigh fading channel

Due to the continual advancement of future generation communication systems, channel capacity is considered to be an important parameter for achieving greater signal strength by means of faster data transmission speed. Usually in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, the diversity technique lessens the propagation speed significantly than the channel capacity. Using MIMO in combination with phase shift keying (PSK) modulation jointly known as MIMO–PSK systems, the present paper focuses on a novel distribution method in order to optimize the channel capacity over a Rayleigh fading channel. First, ergodic channel capacity and distribution capacity in terms of outage capacity is simulated for different MIMO–PSK configurations as well as channel conditions. Later, the channel performance of MIMO–PSK for the novel distribution conditions with antenna correlation effect is evaluated and finally the optimal channel capacity is determined.

     

Observation of a high pressure polymorph of titania by vibrational ball milling

Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Jadavpur, Calcutta-700 032, India The observation of a high pressure polymorph of titania, originating from an anatase phase, using high energy impact vibrational ball milling (HEIVBM) is reported here for the first time. The observed polymorph conforms to the reported high pressure modified phase of titania [orthorhombic, -PbO₂ (Pbcn) structure] developed by static high pressure and shock wave techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques are used to characterize the polymorph.     

Decoherence dynamics of measurement-induced nonlocality and comparison with geometric discord for two qubit systems

We check the decoherence dynamics of Measurement-induced Nonlocality (in short, MIN) and compare it with geometric discord for two qubit systems. There are quantum states, on which the action of dephasing channel cannot destroy MIN in finite or infinite time. We check the additive dynamics of MIN on a qubit state under two independent noise. Geometric discord also follows such additive dynamics like quantum discord. We have further compared non-Markovian evolution of MIN and geometric discord under dephasing and amplitude damping noise for pure state and it shows distinct differences between their dynamics.     

Properties of bricks from lateritic waste

Laterite waste powder has been consolidated into building bricks using phosphoric acid as bonding agent. The bricks could be cured at low temperatures (450–500°C). Properties have been achieved comparable with those of burnt clay bricks. For example, 2·5% binder-added brick has shown superior properties such as compressive strenght of about 10 MPa, water absorption of 10% and bulk density of 1·5 g/cm³. The bonding between the laterite grains is quite strong and the brick has attained improved wear properties. These bricks showed typical microstructures (studies by SEM method) consisting of well-bonded compacted laterite particles, the determining factor towards superior properties of the finished products.     

Fracture behavior of vinylester resin matrix composites reinforced with alkali‐treated jute fibers

Jute fibers were treated with 5% NaOH solution for 4 and 8 h, respectively, to study the mechanical and impact fatigue properties of jute‐reinforced vinylester resin matrix composites. Mechanical properties were enhanced in case of fiber composites treated for 4 h, where improved interfacial bonding (as evident from scanning electron microscopy [SEM]) and increased fiber strength properties contributed effectively in load transfer from the matrix to the fiber; but their superior mechanical property was not retained with fatigue, as they showed poor impact fatigue behavior. The fracture surfaces produced under a three‐point bend test and repeated impact loading were examined under SEM to study the nature of failure in the composites. In case of untreated fiber composites, interfacial debonding and extensive fiber pullout were observed, which lowered the mechanical property of the composites but improved their impact fatigue behavior. In composites treated for 4 h under repeated impact loading, interfacial debonding occurred, followed by fiber breakage, producing a sawlike structure at the fracture surface, which lowered the fatigue resistance property of the composites. The composites with fibers treated with alkali for 8 h showed maximum impact fatigue resistance. Here, interfacial debonding was at a minimum, and the fibers, being much stronger and stiffer owing to their increased crystallinity, suffered catastrophic fracture along with some microfibrillar pullout (as evident from the SEM micrographs), absorbing a lot of energy in the process, which increased the fatigue resistance property of the composites. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2588–2593, 2002