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991.
Influence of ion bombardment on the properties and microstructure of unbalanced magnetron deposited niobium coatings 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The effect of the ion bombardment to unbalanced magnetron deposited, approximately 1.5 and 4.5 μm thick, Nb coatings have been investigated as the bias voltage was varied from UB=−75 to −150 V. Increasing bias voltage increased the hardness of the coating from 4.5 to 8.0 GPa. This was associated with residual stress and Ar incorporation into the Nb lattice. Strong {110} texture developed in the samples deposited at low bias voltages, while beyond UB=−100 V a {111} texture became dominant. However, strong {111} texture was observed only with the thicker 3Nb coatings. Secondary electron microscopy investigation of the coating topography showed fewer defects in the thicker coatings. All coatings exhibited good corrosion resistance, with the thicker coatings clearly outperforming the thinner ones. Excessive bias voltages (UB=−150 V) was found to lead to poor adhesion and loss of corrosion resistance. 相似文献
992.
Boundary element methods (BEMs) are approved methods for an efficient numerical solution of problems, which are based on a Laplace equation. Here, the solution of electrostatic field problems, steady current flow field problems, and magnetostatic field problems is considered. Focus of this paper is on investigations of accuracy of direct formulations, which are based on Green's theorem. Different types of coupling of computational domains are examined with respect to accuracy and convergence behavior of iterative solvers of the linear system of equations. Furthermore, the influence of singular and nearly singular integrals and the influence of matrix compression techniques to the accuracy of the solution are observed 相似文献
993.
L. N. Dmitruk S. Kh. Batygov L. V. Moiseeva O. B. Petrova M. N. Brekhovskikh V. A. Fedorov 《Inorganic Materials》2007,43(7):793-796
We have studied the effect of In3+, Pb2+, Gd3+, and Cl (heavier ions) substitutions for Al3+, Ba2+, La3+, and F? on the crystallization stability and UV/IR optical properties of HBLAN fluorohafnatc glasses (HfF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF system). We obtained stable glasses containing InF3 and BaCl2 instead of AlF3 and BaF2, respectively, and offering increased IR transmission. The presence of CCl4 in the process atmosphere and the removal of oxygen-containing impurities via directional solidification are shown to have an advantageous effect on the optical quality of the glasses. The fluoride-chloride glasses are capable of accommodating about 1.5 times higher levels of rare-earth activators in comparison with their fluoride analogs. 相似文献
994.
Terahertz characterisation of building materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Piesiewicz R. Kleine-Ostmann T. Krumbholz N. Mittleman D. Koch M. Kurner T. 《Electronics letters》2005,41(18):1002-1004
To obtain realistic models for propagation channels in future pico-cellular indoor terahertz communication systems it is necessary to know the reflective properties of building materials found in a typical office environment. The angular dependent reflection coefficients of different building materials were determined using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission geometry and Fresnel's equations. This approach is more efficient than a set of measurements in reflection geometry for different angles. Verification of the method with a set of such reflection measurements shows an excellent agreement. 相似文献
995.
Visualizing multivariate functions, data, and distributions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
996.
The use of a sequential linear complementarity problem (SLCP) algorithm for finding a global minimum of bilinear programming problem (BLP) or a concave quadratic program (CQP) is examined. The algorithm consists of solving a sequence of linear complementarity problems (LCP). A branch-and-bound method is also considered in this study. This algorithm is based on the reformulation of a BLP into an LCP with a linear function to minimize. Computational experience with small and medium scale BLPs and CQPs indicates that the SLCP algorithm is quite efficient in finding a global minimum (or at least a solution that is quite near the optimum), but it is, in general, unable to establish that such a solution has been found. An algorithm to find a lower-bound for the BLP can overcome this drawback in some cases. Furthermore the SLCP algorithm is shown to be robust and compares favorably with the branch-and-bound method and another alternative technique. 相似文献
997.
Cinematic primitives for multimedia 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The development of robust frameworks in interactive multimedia for representing story elements to the machine so that they can be retrieved in multiple contexts is addressed. Interactive multimedia is discussed as a user-directed form of storytelling, and the nature of cinematic storytelling is examined. It is proposed that content can be represented in layers. This model for layered information will allow programs to take advantage of the relation between cinematic sequences and the world they represent. The collection of content by the camera and microphone is considered in this context. The use of the methodology to build meaningful, context-rich sequences is discussed 相似文献
998.
K. Fujii J. Fujimoto H. Hayashii R. Kajikawa Y. Masatani H. Ozaki A. Sugiyama R. Suzaki S. Suzuki T.Y. Tsukamoto T.F. Tsukamoto S. Uno S. Iwata 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1985,236(1):55-63
We constructed and tested a prototype gas sampling electromagnetic calorimeter of the Pb-proportional tube sandwich type. The calorimeter uses conductive plastic tubes and cathode pad readout with a tower structure which resulted in reasonable energy and spatial resolutions for electrons in the momentum range 0.5–4.0 GeV/c; /c). This paper describes the test and the performance studied under various conditions. 相似文献
999.
E. L. Zil'berbrand A. A. Kozhushko V. I. Polozenko G. S. Pugachev A. B. Sinani 《Strength of Materials》1991,23(9):1007-1010
The process of interaction of a ductile projectile with a many times harder brittle target is analyzed in the 500–1000 m/sec range of velocities. The effect of hardness of the target and its fragmentation on the penetration depth is shown.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 9, pp. 60–62, September, 1991. 相似文献
1000.
The fabrication process of a low-temperature poly-Si thin-film transistor (TFT) with a storage capacitor was studied. The atmospheric-pressure chemical-vapour deposited SiO2 protected the buried indium tin oxide (ITO) from reduction by a pure H2 plasma treatment that was essential for the effective improvement of the poly-Si TFT characteristics. Thus, a storage capacitor with an ITO (picture electrode)-SiO2-ITO (buried common electrode) structure was successfully fabricated. The poly-Si TFT with a channel width/length W/L ratio of 5 drove a 3 pF storage capacitor in 2 μs, and it showed superior driverability for LCD use. The TFT also had good hold characteristics under illumination for the realization of grey-scale representation. 相似文献