Psychological adjustment of children with sickle cell disease: Stability and change over a 10-month period.

Rates of poor psychological adjustment of children with sickle cell disease remained relatively constant over initial and follow-up assessment points. 50 children (aged 7–12 yrs) and their mothers completed the initial protocol. 30 children completed the follow-up plus 5 additional children and their mothers. These Ss were aged 7–24 yrs at follow-up. With initial levels of adjustment controlled, children's strategies for coping with pain accounted for a significant increment in child-reported symptoms and mother-reported internalizing behavior problems at follow-up beyond the contribution of illness and demographic parameters and follow-up interval. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correlates of alcohol use and misuse in fourth-grade children: psychosocial, peer, parental, and family factors

To determine level of alcohol use/misuse and to examine correlates of these behaviors, 1,314 fourth-grade students were surveyed. The questionnaire included 55 items concerning tolerance of deviance, deviant self-image, self-efficacy, susceptibility to peer pressure, personal and peer approval of alcohol use, peer adjustment, parent nurturance and monitoring, family adjustment, parental permissiveness, peer use of alcohol, and exposure to alcohol. The items were factor analyzed and indices constructed. The indices generally had acceptable alpha coefficients (alpha = .61-.91); two exceptions were peer adjustment (alpha = .51) and parental permissiveness (alpha = .42). Tolerance of deviance, deviant self-image, susceptibility to peer pressure, personal and peer approval, peer use and exposure by peers, and parental permissiveness were positively correlated with alcohol use/misuse. Self-efficacy, child-parent interactions, family adjustment, and peer adjustment were negatively correlated with alcohol use/misuse. Implications for the design of family-based alcohol use/misuse prevention programs are discussed.     

Is the Promissory Note of Personality as Vulnerability to Depression in Default? Reply to Zuroff, Mongrain, and Santor (2004).

In contrast to D. C. Zuroff, M. Mongrain, and D. A. Santor (2004), the current authors find the promissory note of dependency-sociotropy (DEP-SOC) and self-criticism-autonomy (SC-AUT) as a model of risk for depression to be in default. The authors propose reorganizing what has been cast as unitary effort into 3 distinct endeavors: a psychoanalytic clinical theory, development of a refined empirical model of risk for clinical depression, and research examining the effects of DEP-SOC and SC-AUT on interpersonal relationships in nonclinical samples. The authors identify some issues that need to be accommodated regardless of whether the assessment of Zuroff et al. (2004) or their own is accepted. DEP-SOC and SC-AUT are best construed as correlated, continuous dimensions. Future work also needs to accommodate depression as chronic recurrent condition, advances in developmental psychopathology, and more stringent criteria for positing a risk factor for clinical disorder. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Normative data for the Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised: 25- to 34-year olds.

The normative data provided in the Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised (WMS—R) manual for individuals aged 25–34 yrs were estimated statistically by interpolation. As an empirical check of this procedure, a representative stratified sample in this age range was selected to match the 1980 US Census data on relevant demographic characteristics. Prorated Full Scale IQs for the group were normally distributed, having a mean of 101.3 (SD?=?14.58, range?=?72–231). Differences between the empirically derived and published index scores appeared to be clinically significant. Substantial intra-individual differences were common when Visual–Verbal or General–Attention/Concentration indexes were compared. Normative data for the WMS—R subtests, indexes, and distribution of differences between indexes is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Absorption spectra of solid rare earth complexes obtained from the inner filter effect on luminescence

The inner filter effect is observed in luminescence whenever a second substance is present that has absorptions which overlap the luminescence. This results in a diminution of the luminescence at those wavelengths and is generally observed in solution. In the present communication we show that this effect can be observed when a solid rare earth complex is physically mixed with a solid luminescent organic matrix with which it does not interact. The resulting luminescence is reduced in emission intensity at those wavelengths corresponding to the absorptions of the rare earth ion. This is illustrated with a mixture of Na₃[Ho(ODA)₃] ·2NaClO₄·6H₂O and pyrene at 77 K, and it is shown that the absorption spectrum of the holmium complex can be extracted from the luminescence spectrum of pyrene. This absorption spectrum is in good agreement with that obtained by conventional spectroscopy with a single crystal.     

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Silicon Carbide Polytypes

The ²⁹Si MAS NMR spectra of the 2H, 4H, 6H, and 3C polytypes of silicon carbide are presented. An attempt is made to correlate differences in the chemical shifts with local atomic environment. The results of the analysis of the spectra of pure polytypes are used as a basic for the interpretation of the spectra of mixed polytypes and a discussion of the crystallinity and impurity levels of different samples. Carbon-13 chemical shifts obtained from spectra of the same polytypes are also tabulated.