Reaction time in normal and defective subjects following varied warning conditions.

As a test of a stimulus-trace theory of behavioral inadequacy, normal and mentally defective Ss performed on a simple reaction-time task with warning intervals of 2, 4, 8, 12 sec. The warning stimulus was a light which for ? of the Ss in each group was on for 1.5 sec. at the beginning of the warning interval. For the other Ss the warning signal was on throughout the warning interval. The signal to respond was a buzzer. The normal Ss performance did not differ for the 2 warning conditions but there were marked differences between the defective groups. A 2nd experiment using only defective Ss provided a control for a possible task artifact. The results were interpreted as suggesting a deficiency in short-term memory in defective Ss. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Digital single-sideband modulators

A new derivation of Darlington's digital s.s.b./f.d.m. modulator1 implementation is presented, giving additional structural insight.     

New computation approaches for open-loop SSTDMA network synchronization

This paper presents two new open-loop synchronization algorithms for computing the satellite position. One is based on a three-rotational co-ordinate transformation, the other is based on a numerical iteration method. A detailed comparison of these two algorithms with other available algorithms is given with respect to accuracy of the computed separation distances between ground stations and the satellite, sensitivity to measurement and implementation errors, computation speed, and implementation complexity.     

Local observability of nonlinear differential-algebraic equations(DAEs) from the linearization along a trajectory

The main results of this note establish sufficient rank conditions for local observability of nonlinear differential-algebraic equations (DAE) systems near a known trajectory associated with a given control. Verification of the observability rank condition is addressed, and the relationship with previous work on observability of DAE is indicated     

Correct-by-construction synthesis of model transformations using transformation patterns

Model transformations are an essential part of model-based development approaches, such as Model-driven Architecture (MDA) and Model-driven Development (MDD). Model transformations are used to refine and abstract models, to re-express models in a new modelling language, and to analyse, refactor, compare and improve models. Therefore, the correctness of model transformations is critically important for successful application of model-based development: software developers should be able to rely upon the correct processing of their models by transformations in the same way that they rely upon compilers to produce correct executable versions of their programs. In this paper, we address this problem by defining standard structures for model transformation specifications and implementations, which serve as patterns and strategies for constructing a wide range of model transformations. These are incorporated into a tool-supported process which automatically synthesises implementations of model transformations from their specifications, these implementations are correct-by-construction with respect to their specifications.     

Number-related discrimination and summation by squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus sciureus and S. boliviensus boliviensus) on the basis of the number of sides of polygons.

In Experiment 1, with the number of sides or angles of irregular polygons as cues, programmed training, and a 90% correct criterion (36 of 40), 2 squirrel monkeys' (Saimiri sciureus sciureus and S. boliviensus boliviensus) best performances were to discriminate heptagons from octagons, a 3rd's best was hexagons from heptagons, and a 4th's best was pentagons from heptagons. In Experiment 2, on most trials 2 polygons on one or both discriminanda had to be summed to determine which discriminandum had the total fewer sides. Only 1 monkey met criterion (27 of 30) on the 2 tasks, 6 vs. 8 and 7 vs. 8 sides, but the other 3 performed better than chance on the 6 vs. 8 task. We conclude that previous studies of animals' discrimination of polygons in terms of complexity were minimally relevant to this work, and counting and subitizing were rejected in favor of a prototype-matching process to explain our monkeys' performances. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Simulation of Contaminates Around the Solid Immersion Lens in a Near-Field Optical Recording System

Accurate predictions of contamination in next-generation optical storage drives are paramount when active gap control is employed. In near-field recording devices, the read/write interface can be on the order of 20-30 nm, which means that the gap could be quite susceptible to contamination. Predictive modeling approaches for studying the behavior of contaminates in nanoscale hydrodynamic interfaces are needed. Here, we present such a model. The interface consists of a flat disk surface translating under a solid immersion lens (SIL) of hemispherical geometry. We present the computational modeling simulation results for nano-scale contaminates around the near-field SIL. The simulation shows that the discrete contaminates actually circumnavigate the SIL/disk interface during operation. We identify and discuss the external influences on the discrete contaminate particle behavior     

Comparative functionality of soy proteins used in commercial meat food products

The use of soy isolates, concentrates, and texturized flours in meat food products is discussed. Functional characteristics of soy products in relation to their market application are reviewed. Soy isolates find more limited usage in meat food systems (2%) than the concentrates and textured soy flours (8–12%). In weak meat systems containing large amounts of fat (30–45%), the concentrate emulsifier and isolate are more important than the texturized soy flour. In chopped meat systems with 18–25% fat, the textural properties of soy flour (extruded) are more important than the use of an isolate. However, combinations of concentrate emulsifier and texturized flour are used. The method of cooking, i.e. fresh, deep fat-fried, or char-broiled, will affect the usage of soy combinations. In comminuted cooked cured meat food mixes, soy concentrates, and textured flours currently are being used. Nutritional properties are improved by inclusion of available ingredients high in lysine and methionine. Functional measurements of textural properties have been completed using the Instron with a Lee Kramer cell. Both model emulsion systems and finished product results substantiate the accuracy of textural properties in soy-meat mixes using the Instron.