Disseminated islands of gastric mucosa in jejunum and ileum detected by technetium-99m-pertechnetate scintigraphy

Disseminated islands of gastric mucosa are very rare in the small intestine. The secretion of hydrochloric acid can lead to ulceration which results in gastrointestinal bleeding. It is often difficult to localize the focus in case of gastrointestinal blood loss especially in the small bowel. Technetium-99m-pertechnetate scintigraphy may be a helpful tool in detecting ectopic gastric mucosa. We report a case of a 21-mo-old boy with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. By using pertechnetate scintigraphy, extensive tracer accumulation in the jejunum and proximal ileum was detected. Histologically, multiple islands of ectopic gastric mucosa were found in about 50 excited mucosal and transmural biopsies. The unusual finding of disseminated accumulation of 99mTc-pertechnetate in the small intestine was the diagnostic clue for such a rare disease.     

Steady state behavior of moving bed reactors

A relatively simple model for a moving bed reactor in which ignition takes place is presented and the steady state problem is solved analytically and numerically. The dependence of multiplicity and the nature of the solution on the parameters of the system are investigated. Some similarities in the analyses between fixed bed reactor theory and moving bed reactor theory are shown.     

A mating type-linked gene cluster expressed in Chlamydomonas zygotes participates in the uniparental inheritance of the chloroplast genome

A characteristic feature of early zygote development in Chlamydomonas is the selective degradation of chloroplast DNA from the mating type minus parent. The zygote-specific gene cluster ezy-1 is linked to the mating type locus and is transcribed almost immediately upon zygote formation. We show here that the acidic Ezy-1 polypeptide is rapidly transported to both the plus and minus chloroplasts, where it interacts with each chloroplast nucleoid. Expression of ezy-1 is selectively inhibited when plus, but not minus, gametes are briefly ultraviolet irradiated just prior to mating, a treatment known to disrupt the uniparental inheritance of chloroplast traits. We propose that the Ezy-1 polypeptide participates in the destruction of the minus chloroplast DNA in zygotes and thus the uniparental inheritance of chloroplast traits. The ezy-1 gene represents a valuable molecular probe for dissecting mechanisms underlying organelle inheritance.     

The use of anatomical dolls to assess child sexual abuse: A critical review.

Reviews the empirical literature to investigate the following 2 aspects of the controversial use of anatomical dolls to assess for child sexual abuse: (1) Are anatomical dolls valid tools to assess child sexual abuse? (2) What progress has been made toward the development of an anatomical doll interview that is objective and standardized? 16 empirical studies were located which have assessed children's reactions to anatomical dolls. Criteria used to evaluate the studies are listed. In regard to validity, the empirical data suggest that children who have been referred for sexual abuse respond differently to anatomical dolls than nonabused children. Furthermore, considerable progress has been made toward the development of an objective assessment protocol and reliable scoring criteria. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The tumour-associated antigen MAGE-1 is detectable in formalin-fixed paraffin sections of malignant melanoma

The MAGE-1 gene encodes a protein encompassing a HLA-A1-restricted target epitope for cytolytic T lymphocytes. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the MAGE-1 protein were tested for usage in immunohistology of routine pathology material. Seven formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded malignant melanomas were studied by the Avidin-Biotin complex (ABC) method with or without different antigen retrieval methods. Native, frozen tissues from the same tumours were used to validate the results by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections, by PCR for mRNA and by protein demonstration in tissue extracts using western blotting. Of 4 monoclonal antibodies tested, mAB 34B and mAB 77B were highly efficient in detecting MAGE-1 protein in deparaffinised sections with the regular ABC method after microwave pretreatment. In a series of an additional 28 patients 75% expressed MAGE-1, 50% in a substantial proportion. Follow-up studies in 6 patients indicate that the expression pattern remains stable but may change substantially within a short range. Immunohistology is thus a rapid and well-established method that might be used to select and monitor HLA-A1 positive patients with malignant melanoma and other candidate tumours for MAGE-1-directed immuno-therapy.