Synthesis and Evaluation of New Thiodigalactoside‐Based Chemical Probes to Label Galectin‐3

Light up galectin: Photoprobes based on thiodigalactoside were prepared for galectin‐3, a lectin linked to cancer. The probes contained either benzophenone or acetophenone moieties as the photolabel for covalent attachment to the protein. One particular probe labeled galectin‐3 selectively, even in the presence of cell lysate.

     

Characterization of iron(III) in organic soils using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

The distribution of different iron (Fe) species in soils, sediments, and surface waters has a large influence on the mobility and availability of Fe, other nutrients, and potentially toxic trace elements. However, the knowledge about the specific forms of Fe that occurs in these systems is limited, especially regarding associations of Fe with natural organic matter (NOM). In this study, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was used to characterize Fe(III) in organic soils (pH 4.6-6.0) with varying natural Fe content. The EXAFS data were subjected to wavelet transform analysis, to facilitate the identification of the nature of backscattering atoms, and to conventional EXAFS data fitting. The collective results showed the existence of two pools of iron: mononuclear Fe(III)-NOM complexes and precipitated Fe(III) (hydr)oxides. In the soil with lowest pH (4.6) and Fe content mononuclear organic complexes were the completely dominating fraction whereas in soils with higher pH and Fe content increasing amounts of Fe (hydr)oxides were detected. These results are of environmental importance, as the different iron pools most likely have markedly different reactivities.     

BCI Competition 2003--Data set IIb: support vector machines for the P300 speller paradigm

We propose an approach to analyze data from the P300 speller paradigm using the machine-learning technique support vector machines. In a conservative classification scheme, we found the correct solution after five repetitions. While the classification within the competition is designed for offline analysis, our approach is also well-suited for a real-world online solution: It is fast, requires only 10 electrode positions and demands only a small amount of preprocessing.     

Einfluß von Wasserstoffzusätzen zu kohlenmonoxidhaltigen Gasgemischen auf die Reduktion von Wüstit

Ermittlung der Geschwindigkeitskoeffizienten der Wüstitreduktion mit Wasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid. Aufstellung von Geschwindigkeitsgleichungen für den Reduktionsverlauf an dichten und porösen Oxiden. Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Reduktionsbedingungen und Oxidtopographie und des Einflusses der Oxidoberfläche auf den Reduktionsverlauf.     

A Popov criterion for networked systems

We consider robustness analysis of heterogeneous and homogeneous networked systems based on integral quadratic constraints (IQCs). First, we show how the analysis decomposes into lower dimensional problems if the interconnection structure is exploited. This generally leads to a significant reduction of the computational complexity. Secondly, by considering a set of IQCs that characterizes the eigenvalues of the interconnection matrices of symmetrically networked systems, we derive a Popov-like criterion for such systems. In particular, when the nodes of the networked system are single-input–single-output linear time-invariant operators, the criterion can be illustrated using a generalized Popov plot. In such cases, the Popov criterion is also a necessary condition in the sense that if the criterion is violated then a destabilizing network with the specified eigenvalue distribution can be constructed.     

Sociomaterial actors in the assimilation gap: a case study of web service, management and IT-assimilation

This paper investigates the conditions for the assimilation of information systems (IS) and information technology (IT) in organizations and the influence of various actors in the organization and eBusiness context. To do so it draws on the literature on assimilation gap, sociomateriality and infrastructure together with a study of implementation and use of information and communication technology in and among organizations in a Swedish region. There were substantial investments in web infrastructure made on a regional level and the focus of this study is how the investments were transformed and assimilated in practices, relations and communication. Based on the empirical data from the case study, the paper extends the assimilation process into interplay among actors in organizations contexts. It describes organizations’ strategies for coping with their needs for information and the actors in these processes. Two categories of actors are identified, sensemaking and sensegiving actors, as most important in assimilation of IS/IT in organizations. A sociomaterial perspective gives guidance and a better understanding of the assimilation process in terms of knowledge and interpretative frames, and how assimilation involves identity construction and negotiations among sensemaking and sensegiving actors. The contribution of this paper is a better understanding of the context of assimilation and adaptation of IT in organizations’ business processes, and steps to be taken to improve readiness.     

Adsorbent Regeneration by Non‐thermal Plasma for Elimination of Odorous Compounds from Indoor Air

The non‐thermal plasma (NTP) technique was shown to be a method to improve indoor air quality. In particular in kitchens, odorous emissions can be removed by NTP. A combined concept of adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and plasma regeneration of the adsorber was tested in adsorption‐regeneration‐adsorption cycles. As reference VOCs, 2‐methylthiophene, 2‐methylpyrazine, 2‐acetylthiazole, nonanal, and trans‐2‐nonenal were selected in humid air streams. These odorous compounds are emitted during cooking and frying processes. The adsorption‐regeneration concept was also tested during a simulated frying process with garlic in rape oil. A hydrophobic zeolite was chosen as adsorber material and placed directly into the discharge zone of a plasma reactor.