Distinctive aspects of the physics and thermal physics of the igrit reactor

Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 73, No. 5, pp. 350–354, November, 1992.     

Evolution of the capillary network in a reactive powder concrete during hydration process

Ultrasonic waves in echographic mode, combined with autogenous shrinkage measurements, were used to study the evolution of the capillary network of reactive powder concrete (RPC) from the time after the mixing. Two characteristic porous classes have been identified: the first, between 10 and 20 nm, begins when the material reaches its solid hyperstatic state, and the second about 1 or 2 nm. The first class is associated with the porous space between the C-S-H hydrate clusters and the second with the internal porosity of the hydrate. The evolution of the active capillary radius as a function of the degree of hydration allows us to understand the strong interaction between the capillary network size and the chemical activity given by the dissipated calorimetric power curve. Indeed, the maximum point of the chemical activity marks the transition of the first class of pores to the second one. Finally, measurements of electrical conductivity through RPC samples show that after the maximum of the dissipated power, the curve of this electrical conductivity presents the same evolution as the capillary radius. As the electrical conductivity clearly depends on the evolution of the capillary network, the similarity between the results confirms our analysis in pore classes.     

Phase Transformations in Martensitic Steels Tested for High-Temperature Fatigue

The method of layer-by-layer physicochemical analysis is used to study phase transformations in chromium-nickel steels of martensitic class after high-cycle fatigue tests and after thermal exposure at similar temperature and time conditions. The Laves phase is shown to be distributed nonuniformly over the cross section of specimens tested for fatigue resistance. The results of the tests are used to correct phase compositions.     

Influence of the intensity of gg irradiation on the photoluminescence of GaAs:Te

The influence of gg irradiation (⁶⁰Co) of various intensities (P _γ≈1.7−7.5kGR/h) on the photoluminescence of GaAs:Te single crystals [n ₀=(1.2–2.3×10¹⁸ cm⁻³] is investigated. Together with the known photoluminescence impurity bands (hν _max≈1.2 eV and/or hν _max≈1.35 eV) and edge band (hν _max≈1.51 eV), new bands are also observed in the spectra at hν _max≈1.3 eV and hν _max≈1.48 eV. The observed effects are attributed to radiation-stimulated ordering of the donor impurity and deep impurity centers. Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 32, 38–39 (January 1998)     

On the Yustova threshold plates

A response to criticism of threshold plates for the study of color vision developed at the Mendeleev All-Russia Research Institute of Metrology and published in 1994 is presented. The critics base their conclusions on colorimetric testing and the examination of the plates. In response to the article by M. V. Danilova and J. D. Mollon [4]. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 37–39, January, 2007.     

Production and properties of micro‐porous glas bubble zinc and aluminium composites

Micro‐porous syntactic foams were produced by means of integration of glass bubbles into aluminium and zinc matrices. Preforms of glass bubbles were pressure infiltrated with the alloys AlSi9Cu9 ans ZnAl4Cu using squeeze casting. The preforms were sintered thermically without the use of bonding agents. Using the combination of different sintering steps syntactic foams with locally different densities could be produced. The mechanical properties of the foams were tested indicating a high compression strength of the foams and a very good compression energy absorption. Furthermore, corrosion behaviour and behaviour at higher temperatures were investigated.     

A model for electroluminescence in SrS:Ce ACTFEL display devices

An analytical model for electroluminescence in SrS:Ce AC thin-film electroluminescent display devices is presented. The model incorporates an exact calculation of the electric field and the effect of activator ionization and bulk traps. Activator ionization is needed to explain several features of luminescence behavior in SrS:Ce devices. These features include the second luminescence peak at the trailing edge of the voltage pulse and the time lag between the luminescence and the applied voltage when the applied voltage consists of bipolar trapezoidal pulses and rectangular pulses of low voltage amplitudes. As a mechanism for the ionization of activators, field-assisted tunneling is shown to be more likely than impact ionization by hot electrons. Physical processes are described in terms of rate equations, and field, current, and luminescence waveforms are calculated for one set of device parameters. The calculated and experimental luminescence waveforms agree