The role of dopamine in the mechanism of the regulation of the digestive-transport functions of the enterocyte membrane during stress

The L-DOPA and sulpiridinum effects on the enzymatic transporting function of the enterocytes' membrane, were studied in rats under stress. The L-DOPA was shown to hinder the absorption rate of glucose, whereas sulpiridinum was shown to suppress the main enzymes excepting snerase and alkaline phosphatase, to increase the monomeric and hydrolysate glucose transport. The L-DOPA seems to play a modifying role in the regulation and integration of the digestive-transporting function of the enterocytes' membrane in rats under stress.     

The use of interference currents and iodobromine baths in the therapy of patients with chronic nonobstructive pyelonephritis

30 patients were exposed to interference currents (IC) alone (group 1) versus 34 patients treated with IC plus iodobromine baths (group 2). After IC action on the region of the kidney projection patients of group 1 experienced positive changes in cellular and humoral immunity providing an antiinflammatory effect. In group 2, the improvement was seen in renal and urinary functions, 24-h urinary excretion of oxalates and calcium diminished. Interference current proved beneficial in chronic pyelonephritis patients with latent inflammation. The combined therapy was effective in patients at high risk of lithogenesis.     

The intra-aortic antibacterial therapy of wounded patients with gunshot meningoencephalitis

The original decision of permanent introduction of antibacterial means to tissues of brain at gunshot meningoencephalitis is offered. For antibacterial therapy the intra-aortal catheter with diameter of 2,5 mm (through a.femoralis) was introduced. After washing the catheter by solution of crystalloid with heparin the various combinations of preparations in 5% solution of glucose were introduced: cephalosporin--8 g/day; hentamicin and brumacilin--240 mg/day accordingly, amicacin--1500 mg/day. Speed of introduction--20-50 mg/h, total volume--500 ml. The catheter was in aorta not more than 10 days, maximum--14 days. A described technique was applied in Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital on 34 wounded in head. At computer tomography of brain of all wounded intracranially the splinters and bullets were revealed, clinically--meningoencephalitis. Foreign bodies have been extracted after cupping of clinical and laboratory signs of meningoencephalitis. The authors consider, that the technique is effective not only at wounds of brain, but also at suppurative meningoencephalitis of other etiology.     

Basic trends in the development and realization of state scientific and technical programs in the field of preventive medicine

Reviews the state research and technological programs on priority trends in medical science. The programs are aimed at improving the nation's health. The emphasis in these programs is laid upon prophylactic medicine and the sociohygienic approach, underlying the health status of children and adults in the country.     

Type D retrovirus markers in healthy Africans from Guinea

Sixteen matching sera and DNA samples from healthy African blood donors living in rural areas of Guinea were analysed for the presence of type D retrovirus markers. Screening for the antibodies against structural proteins of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (M-PMV) was carried out by Western blot with a purified M-PMV as an antigen. Eight out of 16 sera samples were found to contain antibodies against at least two gag gene-coded proteins, and three of these were weakly positive against env gene-coded protein. Using PCR amplification and Southern hybridization, we detected M-PMV-like gag sequences in 11 out of 16 samples and env-related sequences in 8 out of 16 samples. Six DNAs were found to contain both M-PMV gag- and env-related sequences. Restriction endonuclease analysis of the PCR-amplified gag sequences from two individuals and direct DNA sequencing analysis of the amplimers confirmed their M-PMV-like origin. Detection of antibodies and M-PMV-related sequences in blood donors from Guinea, but not in French or Algerian blood donors, indicated exogenous SRV infection in humans from certain geographic areas of Western Africa.     

Central adiposity and hemodynamic functioning at rest and during stress in adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of central adiposity upon hemodynamic functioning at rest and during stress in adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, correlational study. SUBJECTS: 46 White and 49 Black normotensive adolescents with family histories of essential hypertension. MEASUREMENTS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), cardiac output and total peripheral resistance responses were assessed at rest, during postural change, video game challenge and forehead cold stimulation. Specific lower and higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) tertiles were created for each gender and then integrated for analyses. This resulted in a lower WHR tertile of 11 Whites and 21 Blacks and an upper WHR tertile of 15 Whites and 17 Blacks. RESULTS: No differences in age, gender or ethnicity proportions were found between tertile groups (all P > 0.21). The upper WHR group showed greater body weight, waist and hip circumferences, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold and body surface area (all P < 0.001). Controlling for peripheral (that is, triceps skinfold) and overall (that is, BMI) adiposity, the upper WHR group exhibited greater SBP (that is, peak response minus mean pre-stressor level) to all three stressors and greater DBP reactivity to postural change and cold pressor (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Central adiposity appears to adversely influence hemodynamic functioning during adolescence. Underlying mechanisms responsible for these associations require exploration.