Cognitive distortions and adolescent affective disorder. Validity of the CNCEQ in an inpatient sample. Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire

Despite a proliferation of recent research examining childhood and adolescent depression, the area still lags behind the adult depression field, particularly in the investigation of cognitive correlates of affective psychopathology. To advance cognitive research with youth, the Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ) was developed to provide a measure of cognitive distortions or errors in children and adolescents. Yet, few studies have employed the CNCEQ and no evidence exists supporting the validity of its four component cognitive error scales. The purpose of the present study was to examine the construct validity of the CNCEQ and its constituent scales through the use of factor analysis and criterion-group comparisons. Groups of adolescent psychiatric inpatients, diagnosed as affective or disruptive disordered, completed the CNCEQ following admission. Results failed to support the implicit four-factor structure of the CNCEQ, instead suggesting the appropriateness of a single-factor solution labeled "negative thinking." Despite no diagnostic group differences on the CNCEQ total or other scale scores, affective disordered patients evinced more cognitive errors on the Overgeneralizing scale. Findings suggest that the CNCEQ in its current stage of development holds promise, yet requires refinement to produce a valid measure of cognitive functioning in youth.     

Solubility and thermodynamic properties of Y2O3 in LiF-YF3 melts

A systematic investigation was undertaken to measure the solubility of Y₂O₃ in several LiF-YF₂ melts, with the YF₃ composition ranging from 20 to 50 mole pct, in the temperature range of 998 to 1273 K. Experimental results showed that the solubility of Y₂O₄ in the melts increased with increase in temperature and also with increased YF₃ content. The activity of Y₂O₃ was calculated using the free energy of fusion of Y₂O₃, . The was deduced from the values of enthalpy, heat of fusion, and melting point of Y₂O₃. From the known values of activity, the activity coefficients of Y₂O₃ as a function of temperature and melt composition were calculated. Considering the ionic nature of the melt, activity coefficients were also calculated using Temkin’s ideal mixing and electrically equivalent fraction methods. The thermodynamic data, such as integral molar enthalpy, entropy, and free energy of formation, were calculated as a function of composition and temperature. The calculated thermodynamic data showed that the melt exhibited a negative deviation from ideal conditions.     

Circular Fractal Antenna Design with Inscribed Square for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics - In this article, an ultra-wide band circular fractal antenna inscribed with square is presented. The prototype of the antenna is fabricated on...     

Image super resolution model enabled by wavelet lifting with optimized deep convolutional neural network

This paper plans to develop an intelligent super resolution model with the linkage of Wavelet lifting scheme and Deep learning algorithm. Before initiating the resolution procedure, the entire HR images are converted into Low Resolution (LR) images using bicubic interpolation-based downsampling and upsampling. Further, the Wavelet lifting scheme helps to generate the four subbands of each image like LR wavelet Sub-Bands for LR images, and High Resolution (HR) wavelet Sub-Bands for HR images. The residual image is generated by taking the difference between the LR wavelet Sub-Bands and HR wavelet Sub-Bands images. The proposed model involves two main phases: Training phase and Testing. The training phase trains the residual image of all images by Deep Convolutional Neural Network with LR wavelet Sub-Bands as input and residual image as target. On the other hand, in testing phase, the LR wavelet Sub-Bands query image is subjected to Deep Convolutional Neural Network, which outputs the concerned residual image. This generated residual image is summed with LR wavelet Sub-Bands image, followed by inverse wavelet lifting scheme to obtain the final super resolution image. The main contribution of this paper is to improve the conventional Deep Convolutional Neural Network by optimizing the number of hidden layer, and hidden neurons using modified Whale Optimization Algorithm called Average Fitness Enabled Whale Optimization Algorithm by considering the objective of maximizing the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Finally, the proposed method achieves an improved quality of the results which is comparable the existing models.     

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sn<Subscript>1 − <Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Ni<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> Thin Films Prepared by Flash Evaporation Technique

An effort was made to develop semiconductor oxide-based room temperature dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) thin films based on wide band gap and transparent host lattice with transition metal substitution. The Sn\(_{\mathrm {1}-x}\)Ni\(_{x}\textit {O}_{\mathrm {2}}\) (\(x\,= \mathrm {0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10, and \,0.15}\)) thin film samples were prepared on glass substrates by flash evaporation technique. All the samples were shown single phase crystalline rutile structure of host SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\) with dominant (110) orientation. The Ni substitution promotes reduction of average crystallite size in SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\) as evidenced from the reduction of crystallite size from 40 (SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\)) to 20 nm (Sn\(_{\mathrm {0.85}}\)Ni\(_{\mathrm {0.15}}\textit {O}_{\mathrm {2}}\)). In the energy dispersive spectra as well as X-ray photoelectron spectra of all the samples show, the chemical compositions are close to stoichiometric with noticeable oxygen deficiency. The crystalline films were formed by coalescence of oval-shaped polycrystalline particles of 100 nm size as evidenced from the electron micrographs. The energy band gap of DMS films decreases from 4 (SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\)) to 3.8 eV (x \(=\) 0.05) with increase of Ni content. The magnetic hysteresis loops of all the samples at room temperature show soft ferromagnetic nature except for SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\) film. The SnO\(_{\mathrm {2}}\) films show diamagnetic nature and it converts into ferromagnetic upon substitution of 3 % Sn\(^{\mathrm {4+}}\) by Ni\(^{\mathrm {2+}}\). The robust intrinsic ferromagnetism (saturation magnetization, 21 emu/cm\(^{\mathrm {3}}\)). Further increase of Ni content weakens ferromagnetic strength due to Ni-O antiferromagnetic interactions among the nearest neighbour Ni ions via O\(^{\mathrm {2-}}\) ions. The observed magnetic properties were best described by bound magnetic polarons model.     

A series of novel double perovskite oxides NaMTi<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>6</Subscript> (M = Eu,Sm, and Gd): preparation,characterization and photocatalytic studies under visible and solarlight irradiation

The photocatalytic activity of sol–gel synthesized double perovskite type oxides NaEuTi₂O₆(NETO), NaSmTi₂O₆ (NSTO), and NaGdTi₂O₆ (NGTO) powders on degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye was demonstrated for the first time under visible light as well as sunlight irradiation. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with X-ray energy-dispersion spectrometry. All the three samples have shown photocatalytic activity for degradation of MB under sunlight and visible light irradiation and their photocatalytic activity followed the order of NGTO > NETO > NSTO. The superior activity of NGTO is ascribed to the higher amount of hydroxyl radicals generated in the photocatalytic reaction.     

Autonomous Magnetic Microrobots by Navigating Gates for Multiple Biomolecules Delivery

The precise delivery of biofunctionalized matters is of great interest from the fundamental and applied viewpoints. In spite of significant progress achieved during the last decade, a parallel and automated isolation and manipulation of rare analyte, and their simultaneous on‐chip separation and trapping, still remain challenging. Here, a universal micromagnet junction for self‐navigating gates of microrobotic particles to deliver the biomolecules to specific sites using a remote magnetic field is described. In the proposed concept, the nonmagnetic gap between the lithographically defined donor and acceptor micromagnets creates a crucial energy barrier to restrict particle gating. It is shown that by carefully designing the geometry of the junctions, it becomes possible to deliver multiple protein‐functionalized carriers in high resolution, as well as MCF‐7 and THP‐1 cells from the mixture, with high fidelity and trap them in individual apartments. Integration of such junctions with magnetophoretic circuitry elements could lead to novel platforms without retrieving for the synchronous digital manipulation of particles/biomolecules in microfluidic multiplex arrays for next‐generation biochips.     

Lanthanide Doped Near Infrared Active Upconversion Nanophosphors: Fundamental Concepts,Synthesis Strategies,and Technological Applications

Near infrared (NIR) light utilization in a range of current technologies has gained huge significance due to its abundance in nature and nondestructive properties. NIR active lanthanide (Ln) doped upconversion nanomaterials synthesized in controlled shape, size, and surface functionality can be combined with various pertinent materials for extensive applications in diverse fields. Upconversion nanophosphors (UCNP) possess unique abilities, such as deep tissue penetration, enhanced photostability, low toxicity, sharp emission peaks, long anti‐Stokes shift, etc., which have bestowed them with prodigious advantages over other conventional luminescent materials. As new generation fluorophores, UCNP have found a wide range of applications in various fields. In this Review, a comprehensive overview of lanthanide doped NIR active UCNP is provided by discussing the fundamental concepts including the different mechanisms proposed for explaining the upconversion processes, followed by the different strategies employed for the synthesis of these materials, and finally the technological applications of UCNP, mainly in the fields of bioimaging, drug delivery, sensing, and photocatalysis by highlighting the recent works in these areas. In addition, a brief note on the applications of UCNP in other fields is also provided along with the summary and future perspectives of these materials.     

Impact of Zinc oxide nanoparticles on eggplant (S. melongena): studies on growth and the accumulation of nanoparticles

The increasing use of nanoparticles and their occurrence in the environment has made it imperative to elucidate their impact on the environment. Although several studies have advanced the authors’ understanding of nanoparticle–plant interactions, their knowledge of the exposure of plants to nanoparticles and their effects on edible crop plants remain meager and is often paradoxical. The aim of this study was to increase their knowledge on the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on eggplant seed germination and seedling growth. ZnO nanoparticles had a negative effect on the growth of eggplant in plant tissue‐culture conditions, as the growth of seedlings decreased with the increase in the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles. In contrast, ZnO nanoparticles enhanced eggplant growth under greenhouse conditions. The accumulation of ZnO nanoparticles in various parts of eggplant was observed through scanning electron microscopy of both plant tissue‐culture and greenhouse‐raised eggplant seedlings. To the best of their knowledge, this is the first study to report on ZnO nanoparticle accumulation in eggplant and its effect on seed germination and seedling growth.Inspec keywords: crops, zinc compounds, scanning electron microscopy, II‐VI semiconductors, nanoparticles, agriculture, cellular biophysics, nanofabricationOther keywords: plant tissue‐culture, greenhouse‐raised eggplant seedlings, ZnO nanoparticle accumulation, seedling growth, ZnO nanoparticles, nanoparticle–plant interactions, zinc oxide nanoparticles, eggplant seed germination, eggplant growth, ZnO