世界各国有关互联网信息安全的立法和管制

网络与信息安全已忧为互联网发展中的重要问题，各国对互联网进行必要的管制已成为共识，技术的发展也为网络管制提供了基础。针对性的法律法规是信息安全与网络安全管制的重要手段，有的国家通过修改现有法律这适用于惩罚信息犯罪；有的国家则单独立法来集中打击信息犯罪活动。本文对美国、欧洲各国以及其他国家的互联网信息安全立法和管制进行了介绍。     

Relational Learning with Statistical Predicate Invention: Better Models for Hypertext

We present a new approach to learning hypertext classifiers that combines a statistical text-learning method with a relational rule learner. This approach is well suited to learning in hypertext domains because its statistical component allows it to characterize text in terms of word frequencies, whereas its relational component is able to describe how neighboring documents are related to each other by hyperlinks that connect them. We evaluate our approach by applying it to tasks that involve learning definitions for (i) classes of pages, (ii) particular relations that exist between pairs of pages, and (iii) locating a particular class of information in the internal structure of pages. Our experiments demonstrate that this new approach is able to learn more accurate classifiers than either of its constituent methods alone.     

Robust output regulation of linear time‐delay systems: A state predictor approach

This paper considers the robust output regulation problem for linear systems in the presence of state, input, and output delays. First, a state feedback control law is constructed from a state predictor, recently developed for systems with state and input delays. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution to the regulator equations are presented. Next, an error feedback control law for the output regulation problem is constructed by means of an error‐based state predictor. Finally, the proposed error feedback solution is extended to solve the output regulation problem in the presence of model uncertainty. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictor‐based solutions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Epidural Electrotherapy for Epilepsy

Penetrating electronics have been used for treating epilepsy, yet their therapeutic effects are debated largely due to the lack of a large‐scale, real‐time, and safe recording/stimulation. Here, the proposed technology integrates ultrathin epidural electronics into an electrocorticography array, therein simultaneously sampling brain signals in a large area for diagnostic purposes and delivering electrical pulses for treatment. The system is empirically tested to record the ictal‐like activities of the thalamocortical network in vitro and in vivo using the epidural electronics. Also, it is newly demonstrated that the electronics selectively diminish epileptiform activities, but not normal signal transduction, in live animals. It is proposed that this technology heralds a new generation of diagnostic and therapeutic brain–machine interfaces. Such an electronic system can be applicable for several brain diseases such as tinnitus, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, depression, and schizophrenia.     

基于功能&结构分析与TRIZ理论集成的产品创新设计

目的提出一种基于功能结构分析与TRIZ理论集成的产品创新设计方法。方法首先利用功能分解和功能结构流图的方法,明确产品的功能元组成和功能元间的关系,然后找出与待改进问题相关的功能元,并与待改进产品实体结构对应,将功能元、实体结构和待改进问题,按功能结构流图的关系绘制功能结构链,再运用TRIZ理论及工具等对功能元和相应结构进行分析与改进,最后应用于吸油烟机的创新设计中。结果得到了吸油烟机的油网和集烟罩等实体结构的改进创新方案。结论对吸油烟机的改进创新,证明了功能结构分析与TRIZ理论集成的产品创新设计方法的有效性。     

A tetrahedron approach for a unique closed‐form solution of the forward kinematics of six‐dof parallel mechanisms with multiconnected joints

This article presents a new formulation approach that uses tetrahedral geometry to determine a unique closed‐form solution of the forward kinematics of six‐dof parallel mechanisms with multiconnected joints. For six‐dof parallel mechanisms that have been known to have eight solutions, the proposed formulation, called the Tetrahedron Approach, can find a unique closed‐form solution of the forward kinematics using the three proposed Tetrahedron properties. While previous methods to solve the forward kinematics involve complicated algebraic manipulation of the matrix elements of the orientation of the moving platform, or closed‐loop constraint equations between the moving and the base platforms, the Tetrahedron Approach piles up tetrahedrons sequentially to directly solve the forward kinematics. Hence, it allows significant abbreviation in the formulation and provides an easier systematic way of obtaining a unique closed‐form solution. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Digital image processing in physiological studies

INTRODUCTION: New possibilities for transcatheter treatment of the cardiovascular system are guaranteed with the improvement of materials and the availability of new devices. Nevertheless, a rationalization of the potential activity in this sector seems to be necessary, and it could arise through the presence of Catheterization Laboratories "open" to diagnostic procedures and therapy that are not confined to the coronary system. This clinical study reports the experiences and results of our work in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period from May 1995 to May 1997, our laboratory performed 205 diagnostic procedures that did not involve the coronary system. Based on this diagnostic work, there emerged 91 cases with an indication for transcatheter intervention, which was subsequently performed at our laboratory. There were 68 peripheral angioplasty procedures on the iliofemoral axis, 2 angioplasties of the subclavian artery, 8 of the renal artery, 2 procedures involving the treatment of A-V fistulas, one case of femoral pseudoaneurysm treatment and 10 cases of transcutaneous pericardiotomy performed with a balloon catheter. All the procedures were performed by our laboratory staff using materials that are normally at our disposal. RESULTS: Successful results were obtained in 65 out of the 68 peripheral angioplasty procedures and in all of the 8 renal and 2 subclavian angioplasties. The positioning of the endoprosthesis for the closure of the A/V fistula was effective in one of the two cases. The transcatheter treatment of the femoral pseudoaneurysm was successful. In all cases where a pericardiotomy was performed with a balloon catheter, there was no reoccurrence of cardiac tamponade during the follow-up period. No complications were noted as a result of any of the procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience documents how it is possible to increase the diagnostic and therapeutic options in a Catheterization Laboratory. However, willingness on the part of the staff to update their skills continually and collaborate with other specialists is necessary in order to maintain optimal operative standards.     

The terminology in assessing the recovery of human work capacity

The paper deals with the scientific and practical expediency of using the unified terminology in the rehabilitation of working capacity in man. The term "recreation" is proposed to define the processes and phenomena associated with recovered functions and forces of the human body, which have been lost at work.