The clinical significance of phasic duodenal intubation and ultrasonic monitoring of the gallbladder in healthy subjects

Hypoxic and low-temperature effects on the thermal regulation and the content of catecholamines (epinephrine--E and norepinephrine--NE) in mice have been compared. Continuous and repeated hypoxia brought about a significant drop of the rodent body temperature and heat content. Found was a significant elevation of catecholamines in the pituitary and adrenal tissues, and blood plasma with E prevalence after the continuous exposure. Repeated stimulus resulted in a more pronounced effect. Exception was the adrenal tissue where enhanced E and NE secretion into blood was noted. The uninterrupted and repeated cold conditions were also responsible for heat release. Continuous exposure to low temperature increased NE and decreased insignificantly E in blood and adrenal. Multiple stimulation increased sharply catecholamines concentration in blood plasma with the dominance of epinephrine in the pituitary gland, and norepinephrine in the adrenal.     

Analysis of the immunologic heterogeneity of HIV-1: I. "Arginine-glutamine trigger" in the fourth position of the central tetrapeptide of the V3 loop of gp120

This article reviews the existing knowledge base concerning the biology of spinal fusion, with the understanding that the focus is weighted toward posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion because of a relative paucity of biologic information on healing of other types of fusions. The discussion focuses first on the basic science of spinal fusion healing from the standpoint of animal modeling. Next, the discussion centers on the multitude of local factors that can affect fusion healing. Finally, the numerous systemic factors known to affect fusion healing are discussed.     

Foot asymmetry in healthy adults: elliptic fourier analysis of standardized footprints

Issues regarding the deaths of patients in the ED arise on a regular basis for emergency physicians. These issues include physician discomfort with death notification, the approach to families after ED deaths, autopsies, donation of organs and tissues, and procedures on the newly dead. If physicians were more comfortable with death notification, not only would families be better served but benefits to society could be realized through the increased use of autopsy and organ/tissue donation. The controversial topic of physician education through practice of medical procedures on the newly dead weighs the benefits to society against the rights of the individual. Improved physician education, including the need for a death notification plan and enlistment of the support of nursing personnel, social workers, and clergy, may improve the experience of events surrounding ED deaths for physicians, families, and society. We review the literature and give recommendations on approaches to deal with these issues.