The surgical treatment of heart valve defects combined with multiple coronary artery involvement

The authors analyze 144 surgeries in patients with single and multiple valvular defects combined with multiple involvement of the coronary arteries; multiple (3-4) coronary artery shunting was carried out in 21 patients, the mortality being 19.4%. Recovery of the blood stream in all involved coronary arteries and correction of defective valves were found conducive to reduction of incidence of myocardial infarction and acute heart failure. Retrograde blood cardioplegia to a considerable measure shortened the duration of aorta clamping and improved myocardial protection. Such methods and improvement of surgical technique helped us reduce the mortality rate by 2-3 times.     

Preventive rehabilitative measures for preserving the health and occupational safety of flight personnel

The existing concept of medical maintenance of flying personnel not takes into account the phase changes of functional condition and professional performance of a pilot. It causes the necessity of additional preventive rehabilitation, directed on restoration and preservation of important professional qualities of the pilots during the training and combat activity. The author offered reasonable system of rehabilitation measures, including indications, means and conditions of correction measures application. Is carried out practical introduction of preventive rehabilitation in system of medical maintenance of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The data about its efficiency are given.     

The effect of antioxidants on functional brain disorders caused by low-intensity ionizing radiation

The effects of daily intraperitoneal injections of alpha-tocopherol (30 mg/kg per day) and synthetic antioxidant IHFAN-30 (30 mg/day) in rats were compared during low-level ionizing radiation (10 days, dose rate 5 mGy/h, total dose 1.2 Gy). There were analysed: (1) amplitude of population spike of hippocampal slices; (2) endogenous phosphorylation in vitro of hippocampal synaptic proteins in the presence of cAMP; (3) formation, manifestation and reduction of food-procuring reflex. The findings showed that antioxidants made some correction of the functional state of hippocampal slices and cAMP-dependent phosphorylation system activity in brain cells from irradiated animals. No influence on training and memory functions was detected.     

Nature of the afterglow of marine algae

Excitation spectra and light curves were studied in three species of marine algae at monochromatic light excitation of the second-range afterglow. It was shown that light curves were satisfactorily described by an equation similar to the equation of enzyme catalysis with low light intensity of half-saturation (about 0.5 W X m-2). Shapes of the excitation spectra and spectral curves of quantum yield of the second-range afterglow was analysed considering the early non-linearity of its light curves. It was found that the results obtained and the literature data on a relatively high quantum yield of the second-range afterglow in the region of absorption of long-wave pigment system (above 680 nm) can be explained by the non-linearity mentioned above, not suggesting a participation of PSI in the generation of this afterglow.     

Cytological diagnosis of lung cancer and precancer using the principal rules]

Analysis of clinical and morphological findings in 306 patients making use of a complex of modern methods at tissue, cellular, and subcellular levels enabled the authors to define the early precancer changes in the bronchial epithelium. The diagnostic value of precancer changes in the lungs and lung cancer was assessed by successive statistical analysis and mathematical estimations. Medical mathematical decisive rules have been developed and are proposed for practical use, which permit the diagnosis of precancer and cancer of the lungs with a high degree of reliability (87 and 89%, respectively).