Osteoplastic fixation of the spine

The combined anterolateral osteoplastic fixation of the spine was carried out on 17 cases out of 73 operated upon for pathological spinal changes of various etiology. The tibial crest rigid homograft and the rib autograft on vasoneuromuscular feeding pedicle were used. Such a combination of bone grafts possessing different mechanic and osteogenic properties permitted to obtain a reliable fixation of the spine for all the period necessary for anatomic and functional reconstruction of the grafts.     

Clinical manifestations and treatment of intestinal dysbacteriosis in patients with Flexner's dysentery

Flexner's dysentery is often accompanied with intestinal dysbacteriosis. Disbiotic changes in the intestine contribute to specific shigella endotoxins entering blood flow thus prolonging clinical symptoms of the underlying disease. Administration of bacterial biological preparations (bifidumbacterin forte, lactobacterin) relieves specific endotoxemia, reduces the duration of the disease and has an immunomodulating action.     

Behavioral instrumental reactions and the frequency of cardiac contractions in chimpanzees with different rates of approaching a goal and a shortened time of its exposure

Reaching the goals moving with different speed (from 1 to 400 mm/sec), the chimpanzee revealed respective behavioural, emotional, instrumental, and cardiovascular responses. When obscuring the goal for a certain time, the chimpanzee nevertheless managed to reach it, the relations between the speed of approaching goal and behavioural or instrumental responses being preserved. Thereupon, the chimpanzee are able to reach the goal provided the latter's trace exceeds 5-10-fold the time of really acting stimulus.     

Recommendations for reducing mortality among workers of mining enterprises

The authors elaborated measures aimed to lower mortality and higher life expectancy among workers of able-bodied age. The recommendations involve changes in technology of drift mining, improved electric safety of technologic equipment, annual analysis of mortality parameters among miners, accomplishment of prophylactic recommendations on treatment of functional cardiovascular disorders, provision of workers with pectin as a therapeutic and prophylactic nutrient.     

Experience in organizing surgical care during the combat operations in the Chechen Republic

In the article the final analysis of organization of surgical care during the local military conflict in northern Caucasus was presented. The real possibilities of different medical units such as single medical company and medical squadron of special assignment was described. Also concrete contents of emergency specialized surgical care and its role in improvement of outcomes in patients with combined combat injuries was reflected. Mortality in this patients was decreased from 25.2 to 12.8%. The defects of surgical care were analyzed and the main ways of improvement of surgical care in local military conflict were presented. In the result of using the principle of moving the medical care closer to the wounded in the whole system of consecutive care the mortality was decreased up to 1.3%.     

Solution structure of a brodimoprim analogue in its complex with Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase

Two-dimensional (2D) double-quantum-filtered correlation spectroscopy (DQF-COSY), total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY), nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), and rotating-frame NOESY (ROESY) spectra were used to assign essentially all the protons in a 1:1 complex of Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase formed with an analogue of the antibacterial drug brodimoprim [2,4-diamino-5-(3',5'-dimethoxy-4'-bromobenzyl)pyrimidine]. The analogue has a 4,6-dicarboxylic acid side chain substituted on the 3'-O position designed to interact with the Arg 57 and His 28 residues in L. casei dihydrofolate reductase; it binds a factor of 10(3) more tightly to the enzyme than does the parent compound. Thirty-eight intermolecular and 11 intramolecular NOEs were measured involving the bound brodimoprim-4,6-dicarboxylic acid analogue. These provided the distance constraints used in conjunction with an energy minimization and simulated annealing protocol (using Discover from Biosym Ltd.) to dock the brodimoprim analogue into dihydrofolate reductase. In calculations where side chains and backbone fragments for binding-site residues were allowed flexibility, 90% of the 40 calculated structures had reasonable covalent geometry and none of them had NOE distance violations of greater than 0.36 A. The conformations of the aromatic rings in the bound ligand were well-defined in all the structures, with torsion angles tau 1 = -153 degrees +/- 4 degrees (C4-C5-C7-C1') and tau 2 = 53 degrees +/- 4 degrees (C5-C7-C1'-C2'): the aromatic rings of the ligand occupied essentially the same space in all the calculated structures (root mean square deviation value 1.83 A). Inclusion of the electrostatic interactions into the energy minimizations indicated that structures in which the 4,6-dicarboxylate group of the ligand interacts with the side chains of Arg 57 and His 28 are of low energy. Significant differences in side-chain and backbone conformations were detected between binding-site residues in the enzyme complexes with the brodimorpim analogue and methotrexate.