A high-speed bipolar technology featuring self-aligned single-polybase and submicrometer emitter contacts

An experimental bipolar transistor structure with self-aligned base-emitter contacts formed using one polysilicon layer is presented with geometries and frequency performance comparable to those of double-polysilicon structures. This structure, called STRIPE (self-aligned trench-isolated polysilicon electrodes), provides a 0.2-μm emitter-base polysilicon contact separation. A 0.4-μm emitter width is achieved with conventional 0.8-μm optical lithography. Scaling of the emitter width of 0.3 μm has been performed with minimal degradation of device performance, and scaling of the emitter width pattern to 0.2 μm has been demonstrated. These dimensions are the smallest achieved in single-polysilicon structures with polysilicon base contacts and are comparable to those achieved in double-polysilicon structures. The STRIPE structure has been used to fabricate transistors with f_t as high as 33.8 GHz     

Isolation of cDNA clones from an osteosarcoma-ROS17/2.8 library by differential hybridization

We have used differential hybridization to isolate and characterize two novel cDNAs expressed in chondrocytes and some osteoblastic cells. A rat osteosarcoma ROS17/2.8 cDNA library was screened and cDNA clones hybridizing strongly to radiolabeled porcine calvaria cDNA but weakly to a control radiolabeled cDNA were isolated. Two clones were obtained--p.6.1 and p.10.15. A radiolabeled probe of p10.15 was shown to hybridize specifically to a 2.3 Kb message RNA from a chondrogenic clonal cell population from rat calvaria-RCJ 3.1C5.18, and the mRNA was downregulated by 1,25 (OH)2D3, which inhibits chondrogenesis in these cells. The other clone, p6.1, was found to hybridize to a 0.95 Kb message that is expressed in rat liver, kidney, lung, muscle, and brain, but not expressed in spleen and expressed only in low levels in thymus.     

An intelligent railway surveillance framework based on recognition of object and railway track using deep learning

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In high speed railways, the intelligent railway safety system is necessary to avoid the accidents due to collision between trains and obstacles on the railway...     

Characterization of hot deformation behavior of Zr-1Nb-1Sn alloy

The hot deformation behavior of β-quenched Zr-1Nb-1Sn was studied in the temperature range 650-1050 °C and strain rate range 0.001-100 s⁻¹ using processing maps. These maps revealed three different domains: a domain of dynamic recovery at temperatures <700 °C and at strain rates <3 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹, a domain of dynamic recrystallization in the temperature range 750-950 °C and at strain rates <10⁻² s⁻¹ with a peak at 910 °C and 10⁻³ s⁻¹ (in α + β phase field), and a domain of large-grain superplasticity in the β phase field at strain rates <10⁻² s⁻¹. In order to identify the rate controlling mechanisms involved in these domains, kinetic analysis was carried out to determine the various activation parameters. In addition, the processing maps showed a regime of flow instability spanning both α + β and β phase fields. The hot deformation behavior of Zr-1Nb-1Sn was compared with that of Zr, Zr-2.5Nb and Zircaloy-2 to bring out the effects of alloy additions.     

Preoperative sonographic diagnosis of acute appendicitis caused by Ascaris lumbricoides

Acute appendicitis caused by Ascaris lumbricoides is an uncommon variant of a common disease. We describe a case in which sonography was used for preoperative diagnosis of ascaris appendicitis.     

Bilateral elastofibroma: a case report and review of the literature

Elastofibroma, or elastofibroma dorsi as it was first described, is an uncommon tumor-like process that characteristically appears as an ill-defined mass in the infrascapular region of elderly patients. This lesion can occur bilaterally and may appear asynchronously. The occurrence of elastofibroma in other anatomic sites has been reported, although with much less frequency. Elastofibromas display typical diagnostic histologic, cytologic, and electron microscopic features. The use of magnetic resonance imaging can lead to a presumptive diagnosis in elderly individuals with suprascapular lesions. It is important to differentiate this lesion from other soft-tissue lesions, such as sarcomas and desmoid tumors. This study presents a case of bilateral elastofibromas in a 72-year-old man and a review of the literature.     

Sodium, potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity is impaired in the guinea pig pancreatic duct system in streptozotocin-induced diabetes

In patients with type I diabetes mellitus, clinical studies have demonstrated decreased secretion of pancreatic juice by the pancreatic excretory duct system. The cause of this decrease is unknown, but could involve changes in initial signal transduction pathways or one or more of the electrolyte transport components that subserve regulated fluid secretion. We have compared responsiveness to secretin in pancreatic ducts isolated from healthy and diabetic Hartley guinea pigs and also have compared the expression of CFTR and Na+, K(+)-ATPase in these two groups, as the activities of these two proteins are essential for secretion of pancreatic juice. The increases in cyclic AMP levels evoked by exposure to either 0.1 nM or 0.1 microM secretin were not significantly different in pancreatic ducts isolated from healthy and diabetic guinea pigs nor were levels of CFTR or Na+, K(+)-ATPase expression. By contrast, Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in pancreatic ducts isolated from diabetic guinea pigs was decreased by 70%, suggesting a change in the enzyme's catalytic properties in the diabetic tissues. The observed decrease would be expected to seriously compromise the production of pancreatic juice.     

International classification of diseases (tenth revision)

Today, when the number of high-risk patients is increasing, special attention should be paid to polyresistant gram-positive microorganisms staphylococci and enterococci, whose role in infective complications and septic states is increasing. The author analyzes published reports on the rate of isolation of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and enterococci in different countries and relationship of this parameter with antibiotic policy. Special attention is paid to unjustified wide use of third-generation cephalosporines and their role in selection of polyresistant bacteria. The rate of MRS isolation vs. all other staphylococci at intensive care wards for newborns is as high as 63.9%. The incidence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (most often S. epidermidis) in clinical material (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine) from high-risk patients increased 2-3 times during two recent years. Glycopeptides vancomycin and teicoplanine are drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by such microorganisms (sepsis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, etc.). These drugs should be listed among obligatory antibiotics for resuscitation and intensive care wards as life-saving drugs.