On the metabolic characteristic of hybrids Shigella flexneri x Escherichia coli devoid of their ability for intracellular multiplication in the epithelial cells. I. Glycolysis

In order to evaluate the effects of ultrasonic nebulization on airway resistance in respiratory failure, ten patients requiring mechanical ventilation for acute pulmonary failure were each ventilated with two humidification systems, one producing inspired air saturated with vapour at 35 degrees C, the other nebulizing water droplets ultrasonically. There was no statistically significant difference in pulmonary resistance at inspiratory flow rates of 40, 60, AND 80 1/min. A separate comparison between humidifiers in those patients with the highest resistances did not reveal any difference in response to method of humidification. In contrast to studies in other contexts, these data fail to show any significant difference, from the standpoint of effects on resistance, in the use of ultrasonic mist humidification during mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure.     

Carbohydrate tolerance in the puerperium during suppression of lactation with bromocriptine and oestrogens

The influence of bromocriptine on carbohydrate tolerance in the puerperium was examined and its effects compared with those of an oestrogenic compound. Sixteen patients were studied in each group. The controls consisted of 16 women who were breast-feeding. Compared with the controls, no significant difference was found in the oral glucose tolerance test in patients who had oestrogen, but blood glucose values in women receiving bromocriptine were significantly lower. Inhibition of lactation with bromocriptine may obscure abnormal glucose tolerance.     

Glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, thymidine kinase, and arginase in fetal and adult human and rat liver

In fetal livers of both man and rat thymidine kinase activity was 12 times higher than in the adult, glutamate dehydrogenase and arginase were present at 20-50% of their adult values, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity was only an insignificant fraction of that in the adult. Although the developmental changes for the four enzymes were quantitatively similar in both species, qualitatively there were some significant differences. In adult human liver, glutamate dehydrogenase activity was distributed almost equally between the cytosol and particles; the concentration of only the soluble enzyme increased after birth. In rat liver, glutamate dehydrogenase remained exclusively a particulate enzyme. The soluble hepatic alanine aminotransferase activity rose in both species after birth (from less than 2 U/g to 41-57 U/g, respectively). Thymidine kinase was wholly soluble in the fetal livers; only in adult human liver was additional activity (at least 50% of the total) found in the particles. Arginase isozymes, identical and apparently the same single isozyme in fetal and adult rat liver, show an ontogenetic change in man. A shift from a single form, common to human fetal liver and fetal kidney, to at least two variants in adult human liver, indicates another complexity of the fully differentiated liver in man.     

Catamnesis of patients with Kanner's early infantile autism syndrome

By means of a follow-up study the author studied 28 patients who at the age of 3-6 years were diagnosed as suffering from early infantile autism. In 6 cases the mental state of patients was characterized by traits of dissociated oligophrenic-like defect with preserved autistic forms of contacts, residual disorders of the syndrome of Kanners early autism, simbiotical dependency from the parents. In 15 cases there was a personality distortion, with traits of autism, emotional poorness, motor insufficiency, indifferent negativistic forms of contacts, mental retardation of the pseudooligophrenic type. In 7 cases there was a formation of a psychopathic state of a schizoid type.