Respiration and ion permeability of the inner membrane in rat "sodium" liver mitochondria

Ion permeability of internal membrane and a respiration in isolated rat liver mitochondria, further related to as "sodium ones", were studied following replacement of K+ ions for Na+ ones in the mitochondrial matrix. As compared with the control ("potassium mitochondria"), state 4 respiration in the sodium mitochondria, energized by succinate, was shown to be enhanced in KCl or sucrose media. Oxygen consumption rates in the sodium mitochondria, being in state 3 or stimulated by 2,4-dinitrophenol, were lower than rates for the control mitochondria. This effect was much pronounced in the sucrose medium. The coefficients, characterizing the distribution of 137Cs between mitochondria and the medium, were lower for the sodium mitochondria than for the control in the presence of 2.5 mM succinate and 10(-8) M valinomycin. In comparison with the control, a more extensive swelling for the sodium mitochondria was found, first, in the medium containing 25 mM K-acetate and 100 mM sucrose for succinate-energized mitochondria, and second, in the medium containing 125 mM NH4NO3 without mitochondrial energization. Changes disclosed in respiration, swelling and coefficients of 137Cs distribution for the sodium mitochondria are supposed to be caused by non-uniform effects of Na+ and K+ ions on the water structure of mitochondrial matrix, ion permeability of internal membrane, and the activity in oxidative phosphorylation enzymes.     

The Epstein-Barr virus in patients with infectious endocarditis

Serological markers of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been investigated in 28 patients with infectious endocarditis. In 75% of patients IgM antibodies to "early" antigen of the virus which are the marker of active viral infection occurred vs 6.2% among healthy blood donors. Specific for infectious endocarditis reaction profile (anti-EBV combination in one person) indicates reactivation of latent viral infection. The conclusion is made on the necessity of further investigation of both the role of EBV in pathogenesis of pyoseptic diseases and immunologic mechanisms for reactivation of latent viral infections.     

Morphogenesis of occupational fluoride osteopathy

Fluor osteopathy, as the authors suppose, is a morphologic repetition of phylogenesis early stages in osteogenesis. Thus, osteosclerosis and osteoporosis demonstrated by X-ray should be considered as manifestation of bone fluorosis. Fluor-induced changes of bone tissue could not be adequately termed as "osteoporosis" and "osteosclerosis", so is defined as "fluor osteopathy".     

Insulin binding by erythroid cells of swines

Insulin binding by erythroid cells of newborn and 1-, 10-, 30-days pigs was investigated. The process intensity in piglets was found to decline in the period from birth to 30 days of life. The obtained changes were determined by the reduced receptors number in high affinity site in early postnatal ontogenesis as well as by decrease of receptor affinity constants in 30-days animals. During investigated period the level of insulin binding by erythrocytes was conditioned by hormone binding ability of "young" erythroid cells, which was found to be high in newborn and decreased considerably in 10-30 days pigs. It was established that postnatal decrease of insulin binding by erythrocytes occurred simultaneously with sharp increase of insulin concentration in animal during the 10-days period after birth. So, it is supposed that insulin may be involved in regulation of its own receptor number in erythrocytes.     

Immunomodulators in the prevention and therapy of viral infections]

Three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction methods were employed to study the anatomy of the vestibular aqueducts (VAs) in ten postmortem temporal bone specimens obtained from ten individuals aged 4 months to 70 years at death. After reconstruction, the ten 3-D images of VAs were superimposed on one another and differences evaluated. The VA showed postnatal growth and variations in size and shape. However, the variations in angle at which the VA bends near the isthmus were not correlated with age. Furthermore, study of the superimposed images revealed that the 3-D course of the VA was essentially the same in individuals of all ages, despite its wide variability in size and shape. These results indicate that the basic course of the VA is determined before early infancy although the VA grows thereafter, suggesting that VA anomalies such as "large vestibular aqueduct syndrome" (in which the VA takes an abnormally straight and wide course) may be established prenatally.     

Effect of a novel combined enterosorbent "Ultrasorb" on biochemical and morphologic blood parameters

In order to estimate toxicity of a novel composition, enterosorbent "ultrasorb", its toxic properties were studied in trials on experimental animals (white rats, mice, guinea pigs). Great variety of hematolytic, biochemical and pathohistologic parameters were determined to evaluate homeostasis. As a result of toxicity trials in acute and subacute experiments as well as in embryotoxic, teratogenic and allergic tests we have concluded that enterosorbent "Ultrasorb" is absolutely harmless and can be recommended for further trials in clinics.     

Clinico-anatomic basis for anterior approach to the shoulder joint

A study of the causes and conditions of formation of meningeal adhesions, as well as of the possibilities of their prevention by replacement of the meningeal defects with cold-preserved homografts of fresh auto- and homografts, and synthetic film "Fluoroplast-4", as practised in 50 experiments in 46 dogs, has demonstrated that the adhesive process depends on the presence and intensity of brain and meningeal injuries. The possibility of preventing the formation of adhesions was shown to be independent of the type of the plastic material used. The adhesive processes are equally manifest in all methods of plastic repair. Neither do they depend on the method of connecting the transplant with the edges of the meningeal defect. The employment of the "Cyacrine" tissue adhesive causes grosser adhesions. Alloplastic repair is inferior to homoplastic with suturing the margin of the meningeal defect to the transplant, since it does not permit a tight closure of the subdural space.     

Investigation of branched channels of deltas

Conclusions If it is necessary to increase the discharge into a main distributary, a free groin (1) placed at the branch point as a continuation of the bank can be recommended. Its length can be determined by Eq. (2) on the basis of the required degree of changing the discharge. Since a submerged weir (3) located in a lateral distributary does not have a significant effect on the redistribution of discharges, its placement to increase the discharge in the main distributary is not rational. The placement of a submerged weir (2) in the main distributary can be recommended for reviving a lateral distributary (increase of the discharge in it). The location of this structure and its height can be determined as a function of the required degree of changing the discharge according to the graph in Fig. 4. The proposed method will make it possible to create optimal hydraulic regimes in river deltas.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 1, pp. 24–27, January, 1985.     

Contemporary approaches to diagnosis and treatment of chronic duodenitis among flying personnel

Causes for increased gastric and duodenal morbidity were analyzed in 435 patients. Chelibacteriosis was shown to be one of the key factors of development and recurrence of chronic duodenitis which which, in its turn, leads to physical disability retirement of flying personnel. The role of determining the immune status in dynamics in predicting recurrence, and effectiveness of therapy was confirmed. Results of the investigation indicate that "triple therapy" (Tribemol, Doxacyclin, Trichopol) of chronic duodenitis on the background of chelibacteria is most effective as it reduces length of treatment, decreases the recurrence rate and improves the clinical and certification-important indices in flying personnel.     

Cholecystectomy from mini-laparotomy approach

Mini-laparotomy 3-4 cm long at projection of hepatoduodenal ligament with the help of surgical set of the firm "SAN" (Ekaterinburg) makes it possible to carry out successfully cholecystectomy and manipulations on the choledochus with minimal operation trauma. 104 patients were operated on for acute chronic cholecystitis with the help of this method. Mini-laparotomy in cholecystectomy enables intraoperation cholangiography and manipulations on the choledochus in any conditions.